Kukula, kusamalira komanso kudyetsa nkhuku za broiler

Ponena za ochenjera, amatanthauza nkhuku zanyama, zomwe zimadziwika ndi kukula kwambiri, kukula kwake kwakukulu komanso zabwino, zoyenera kuwaza nyama.

Momwe mungayendetsere kulima, kusamalira ndi kudyetsa nkhuku zokomera nkwakuchita chidwi ndi kuchuluka kwa alimi a nkhuku. Ndipo izi sizodabwitsa.

M'milungu isanu ndi itatu yokha, mbalameyi imamera mpaka 1.5-2,5 kg, yomwe, pogwiritsa ntchito njira yoyenera nyengo yotentha, ngakhale pafamu yaying'ono, imakupatsani mwayi kuti mukulitse nkhuku zambiri za 1-2.

Zambiri za nkhuku za broiler zomwe zikukula

Kuti nkhuku za zoweta ndi mitanda ikwaniritse cholinga, zimafunikira chisamaliro chofunikira komanso zakudya zosankhidwa bwino. Mbalameyi ikagwiritsidwa ntchito pakubereka, ndiye kuti nkhuku zokomera pakhomo nthawi zambiri zimakula osapitirira masiku 70. Kenako, phindu la kulemera kwa thupi limatsika mu mbalameyo, koma kudya kwakudyako kumakhalabe pamlingo womwewo, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti kupindula ndi ziweto zotere kumatsika kwambiri.

Cholinga cha woweta nkhuku mukamaweta nkhuku yoweta ndi kusamalira ndi kudyetsa nkhuku. Zonsezi, komanso zina ndikofunikira kukhazikitsa kuyambira tsiku loyamba lokhala ndi anapiye azachuma, chifukwa kuzengereza nthawi zambiri kumakhala chifukwa, ngati sichimfa, kufooketsa, kufalikira komanso kuwonongeka kwa ziweto.

Mu chuma chakunyumba, ma broiler amakhazikika m'nyumba za nkhuku pa zinyalala zakuya kapena maselo agwiritsidwa ntchito.

Poyambirira, chipinda cha broiler chizitetezedwa ku nyengo zakunja, ndipo pansi pazikhala zotentha ndi zowuma. Ndiosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito utuchi ngati zinyalala, zomwe kale zouma. Mutha kutenga zinthu zina zomwe zimatsimikiza kuwuma, ukhondo ndi kuphimba pansi.

Musanayambe kuchuluka:

chitani zoyeretsa, zotsalira ndi kuyanika nyumba;
pansi imakutidwa ndi utoto wa laimu woterera pa mulingo wa 0,5-1.0 makilogalamu pa mita imodzi;
kutsanulira utuchi pamwamba ndi wosanjikiza pafupifupi 10 cm;
pangani zikhalidwe zakusungira chinyezi cha mpweya pamlingo wa 60-65%;
perekani mpweya wabwino m'chipindacho;
kusunga kutentha kwa mpweya 26 ° C;
perekani kuwunikira kwa nthawi yayitali kwa anapiye azaka zonse.

Ndi njira yolimitsira nkhuku za broiler, payenera kukhala mbalame zosaposa 12-18 pa mita imodzi.

Ngakhale ma broilers ndi ochepa, ndipo kuphatikiza kwawo sikunachitike, amafunika kutentha kwapamwamba pafupifupi 26-33 ° C. Pakatha masiku 20, mpweya mnyumba umatha kupendekera mpaka 18-19 ° C. Nthawi yomweyo, ndikofunikira kuonetsetsa kuti mbalameyo ndiyabwino, mwinanso kuzizira kwambiri komanso kutentha kwambiri. Kunyalanyaza malamulo a nkhuku kumawopseza kuzolowera zidziwitso za matenda am'mawere a nkhuku komanso chithandizo cha gulu lodana bwino.

Kukula mumakhola, makamaka mapangidwe okhala ndi matayala angapo, kumatha kupulumutsa madera a nyumbayo, kupewetsa ukhondo wake ndikuwongolera kudyetsa anapiye. Poterepa, kutentha ndi chinyezi, komanso kuchuluka kwa zakudya tsiku lililonse ndizofanana ndi zomwe zili zinyalala.

Kukula, kusamalira ndi kudyetsa nkhuku za broiler kumayendetsedwa kwambiri ndi kuwunikira kwa maselo kapena nyumba. Masana, mbalame imadya ndikusuntha. Chipinda chake chimakhala chodetsa nkhawa kwambiri, ndicho kuchuluka kwa anapiye.

Chifukwa chake, mkati mwa masiku 14 kuyambira nthawi yobadwa, mbadwa zimapanga kuunikira kozungulira, kenako zimasinthira pang'onopang'ono m'njira zachilengedwe.

Broiler kudyetsa nkhuku kunyumba

Komabe, sikokwanira kupanga nkhuku zofunikira ndikuzipatsa chakudya chokwanira. Kuti mupeze mbalame yayikulu, yoyenera kudya posachedwa, ndikofunikira kusankha zakudya zoyenera, zokhala ndi zaka zambiri.

Kodi kudyetsa nkhuku zoweta? Nkhaniyi ndiyofunika kwambiri kwa alimi oyambira nkhuku komanso odziwa zambiri omwe sanakumanepo nawo kale ndikukula kwa mbalame ngati imeneyi. Mu ziwembu zapanyumba, kugwiritsa ntchito zonyowa komanso zowuma zakudya kwawo kumachitidwa nthawi zambiri.

Masabata oyambilira a anapiye amakhala mgululi amapatsidwa chakudya chokwanira mazira, mapira, oats ndi tirigu, zomwe zimapangitsa kupitilira theka la chakudya chonse. Kuyambira milungu itatu yokha, mbatata yophika imayikidwa menyu, ndikuisintha osaposa gawo limodzi la tirigu.

Tisaiwale za chakudya chama protein, chomwe chimapangitsa minofu ndi mafupa kukula. Kuti izi zitheke, mbalameyi imapatsidwa tchizi tchizi, yogati, zosintha ndi zinthu zina zamkaka. Kuyambira masiku 10, gwero la mapuloteni a nyama ndi nsomba ndi nyama ndi fupa. Mankhwalawa amayenera kuperekedwa koyambirira pa magalamu a 5-7 patsiku pamutu uliwonse, kenako ndikudya kwambiri.

Kudyetsa nkhuku panyumba kumakhudzanso kugwiritsa ntchito zakudya zomwe zimakhala ndi mapuloteni ambiri, kuphatikizapo zikwama zam'mera za mpendadzuwa, mitundu yonse ya chakudya, mbewu zosankhika zam'munda.

Kuyambira wazaka zitatu, chakudya chobiriwira cha nkhuku za broiler chikufunika. Mu nthawi ya masika ndi chilimwe, ndi msipu wamafuta, nsonga za zokolola zam'munda, kaloti akanadulidwa 3-5 magalamu pa nkhuku iliyonse. M'nyengo yozizira, kukakhala kuti palibe amadyera atsopano, zosaposa 2-5 magalamu a ufa wa udzu ndi mbande za barele kapena mbewu zina.

Kuchuluka kwa udzu mu chakudya kumatha kuyambitsa matenda otsegula m'mimba mu nkhuku zokomera, chithandizo chomwe chimaphatikizapo kukonza kwa menyu, kugwiritsa ntchito maantibayotiki ndi mankhwala ena.

Popewa kugaya chakudya chimbudzi, omizira amapatsidwa:

tsiku lililonse, monga chakumwa, njira ya pinki ya potaziyamu permanganate;
miyala yabwino yokhala ndi mainchesi osaposa 5 mm, yomwe imayendetsa matumbo ndikuyenda bwino kukumba kwa tirigu ndi zakudya zina za nkhuku za broiler.

Kuyambira masiku 5 mbalame imapatsidwa chipolopolo chophwanyika, koma osati mchenga, ndi choko pamlingo wa magalamu 2-3 pa thukuta lililonse. Zakudya zamchere ndi miyala yamphesa sizimasakanizika ndi zinthu zina zamagetsi ndikuthira muzopatula zomwe zimakhala mnyumba nthawi zonse.

Oyera chipinda kutentha madzi m'nyumba ayenera nthawi zonse. Kupatula kukula kwa maluwa a pathogenic ndi kukula kwamatumbo ndi matenda ena, mbale zimatsukidwa nthawi zonse ndikutsukidwa.

Kuti zikule bwino komanso kupewa, nkhuku zazing'ono zimapatsidwa mavitamini pazizindikiro zoyambirira ndi chithandizo cha matenda akumwa a nkhuku. Kuyambira tsiku lachisanu, menyu akhala akugwiritsa ntchito mayankho a mafuta a mavitamini A, D, ndi E, kupewa mankhwala osokoneza bongo ochuluka.

Kangati patsiku komanso momwe mungadyetsere nkhuku zogulitsa kunyumba? M'moyo wonse, mbalame siyenera kukhala yochepa chakudya. Masiku 7 oyambilira, nkhuku zimayenera kulandira chakudya kangapo patsiku, ndiye mbalameyo imadyetsedwa maola anayi aliwonse. Mu sabata lachitatu, kuchuluka kwa chakudya kumabwera kwa anayi, ndipo kuyambira mwezi umodzi wobiriwira amadyetsedwa m'mawa ndi madzulo.

Zakudya zonse za nkhuku yonyowa ndizokonzedwa m'njira yoti mbalamezo zizidya mkati mwa mphindi 30 mpaka 40.

Ngati zosakanikirazi zikhale zotentha motalika, ndizotheka:

katundu wowira;
kulowetsedwa ndi mazira a tizilombo;
kukula kwa microflora ya pathogenic.

Zinthu zonsezi nthawi zambiri zimayambitsa kutsegula m'mimba mu nkhuku zokomera, chithandizo chomwe chimachepetsa ziweto ndikuchepetsa kukula.

Kugwiritsira ntchito chakudya cha nkhuku zoweta

Kuti achulukitse kulemera, masiku ano amagwiritsa ntchito zakudya zopangidwa ndi nyumba zopangidwa mokhazikika zomwe zimakwaniritsa zosowa za mbalame. Zakudya zoterezi zimabweretsa zotsatira zabwino masabata anayi oyamba.

Zakudya zosakanizidwa zosakaniza nkhuku za broiler zimasiyana mu tinthu tating'ono ndi kapangidwe kake. Nthawi zambiri amatengera dongosolo la magawo atatu, lomwe limapangidwa kwa mibadwo yonse ya nkhuku kuchokera pakubadwa mpaka kokaphedwa.

Ngakhale zosakanikirazi ndizokwera mtengo kuposa zosakaniza zopangira tokha, zimasintha bwino ntchito yodyetsa ziweto, kupewetsa chisamaliro cha nkhuku zoweta, kulima kwawo komanso kudyetsa, komanso kuyang'anira kudya.

Pachigawo choyambirira, kudyetsa kumathandizira kulimbitsa chitetezo cha mthupi, kupanga zofunikira zonse kuti mukhale ndi thanzi labwino komanso kukula kwa nkhuku. Pachifukwa ichi, kuchuluka kwa mchere muzakudya kumachulukitsidwa, zakudya zimakhazikitsidwa pazinthu zosavuta kukonza.

Panthawi yogwira, kudyetsa nkhuku za broiler kumapereka mapuloteni, calcium, mavitamini ndi mafuta ambiri, ndikupatsa kukula kwamafupa komanso minofu kukula. Musanagwire, gwiritsani ntchito kumaliza zosakaniza kuti muchepetse kunenepa.