Moody ndi zokongola sparaxis

Pakati pazomera zochulukitsa mutha kupeza zodabwitsa zambiri. Koma palibe chomera chomwe chingapikisane ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mitundu yosiyanasiyana ndi mitundu yokongola ya sparaxis. Mpweya wamuyaya womwe sulekerera chisanu ndi malo okhala ndi nyengo yozizira ukhoza kumalidwa pokhapokha kukumba m'nthaka nthawi yachisanu, ngakhale m'chilimwe chochepa kumatha kuwonetsa komwe udachokera. Maluwa okongola okhala ndi mawonekedwe ndi malo akunja, ngakhale si akulu kwambiri, koma ena owoneka bwino kwambiri. Ndikosavuta kukula kwa sparaxis, koma ma vagaries a bulbous exanced amakwaniritsa bwino mawonekedwe ake okongola.

Sparaxis tricolor (Sparaxis tricolor). © brian ochapira

Kukongola kosangalatsa kwa sparaxis inflorescence

Sparaxis ali kutali ndi oyimilira akulu kwambiri a zomera zochuluka. Kutalika kwake, maluwa otumphuka a exoticawa amangofika 60 cm, pomwe babu silipanga masamba ambiri ndipo samapanga maluwa okongola. Kuti apange "malo" okongola kapena gulu kuchokera ku sparaxis, mababu amayenera kuyikidwa mwamphamvu, obzalidwa pafupi ndi inzake.

Sparaxis ndi mtundu wa banja la Iris (Iridaceae), wophatikiza mitundu 15 ya mbewu zosatha za herbaceous tuberous.

Sparaxis (Sparaxis) singadzitamandire pamtundu wamitundu mitundu. Mbewu iyi ndi mitundu yambiri ya kukula, yomwe lero igawidwa kukhala mitundu 4-5 yamtchire. Pazipangidwe mawonekedwe, awiri okha ndi omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito - sparaxis tricolor (Sparaxis tricolor) komanso wocheperako sparaxis wokongola (Sparaxis elegans) Wofunda, masamba a lanceolate popanda m'mphepete kokha amawonetsa kutsindika kwamphamvu kwamanja. Koma zofooka zilizonse zobiriwira, kuphatikiza ziwerengero zochepa, ndizowonjezera kukongola kwa maluwa. Sizingokongoletsa mu sparaxis, koma motley komanso mopambanitsa. Maluwa amayamba kumadera ozizira kwambiri kumapeto kwa chilimwe komanso kumayambiriro kwa chilimwe, koma mkati mwanjira ndi kumpoto kumayandikira kwambiri nthawi yophukira, mu Ogasiti wokongola kapena Seputembara. Maluwa ndi owoneka ngati nyenyezi, mpaka masentimita 5. Mphete yamdima imasiyanitsa malo owala achikasu ndi stamens kuchokera ku mtundu waukulu wamitundu, omwe amachititsa chidwi. M'mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya sparaxis, mitundu ya lalanje ya monochromatic, chikaso, pinki, choyera, zonona zimasinthidwa ndi kuphatikiza kosiyanasiyana kosiyanasiyana, komwe kumawoneka ngati zolembedwa pamanja pamatchulidwewo. Mu sparaxis ocheperako, mitundu yake ndiyochepa: maluwawo amakhala oyera kapena lalanje.

Anu Sparaxis (Sparaxis elegans). © James Gaither

Pakupanga mundawo, kugwiritsa ntchito sparaxis:

kupanga mawanga okongola pa udzu ndi kufufuma kwa chivundikiro;
ngati zovala zapamwamba kutsogolo kwa mabedi amaluwa ndi mitundu yosakanikirana;
magulu akuluakulu ndi monocots;
m'maluwa a maluwa ochulukitsa komanso ochulukitsa omwe amafunika kukumba;
kukongoletsa miyala yamiyala, minda yakutsogolo;
ngati mbewu yodulidwa;
zipinda zokongoletsera, nyumba zobiriwira, malo osungira.

Kulima kwa Sparaxis kumadera okhala ndi nyengo yofatsa

Amakonda kutentha ndi kutentha nthawi yozizira, izi zochulukirachulukirizo zimamera mwachilengedwe nyengo yotentha, yokhala ndi magawo awiri a matalala. M'malo ozizira, maluwa a sparaxis amadzaza, m'mwezi wa Meyi-Juni, m'chilimwe amasintha nyengo yopanda, pomwe mababu amayenera kukumbidwa. Ndipo kugwa imabwereranso m'nthaka, monga maluwa ambiri amasamba ambiri. Sparaxis, yomwe idangopezedwa kumene kapena kukumba masamba atafa, adabzala mu Okutobala. Mababu amayikidwa patali pafupifupi 10-15 masentimita pakati pa mbewu, ndikukulitsa 10 cm kuchokera pamzere wa dothi. Poyembekezera nyengo yozizira, mitengo ya sparaxis imaphimbidwa ndi mulch, masamba owuma kapena nthambi za spruce, ndipo kasupe woterowo amakhala wachotseredwa atangotha kutentha nthaka ndi nyengo yotentha. Pamene sparaxis ingazimiririka, mbali zonse zakumtunda zidzafa, mabulowo adzafunikanso kukumbidwa, kuwuma ndi kusungidwa pamodzi ndi tulips.

Sparaxis ndi mitundu itatu. © Natalie Tapson

Njira Ya Kukula kwa Midland Sparaxis

M'nyengo yozizira kwambiri, mkati mwa mtunda ndi kumpoto, sparaxis imatha kumerekedwa ngati chaka chilichonse kapena ngati chomera chofinya chomwe chafukula nthawi yozizira. Njira zambiri, ukadaulo waulimi pachikhalidwe ichi ndi wofanana ndi gladioli, chifukwa sparaxis imayenera kuchotsedwa mu dothi ndikuisunga m'nyumba m'nyumba isanayambe chisanu. Koma pali kusiyana kwakukulu: ma bulara a sparaxis amakhala ochulukirapo kwambiri pamalo osungira yozizira, nthawi zambiri amawonongeka ndi zowola, kufota, kufa. Malongosoledwe ake ndiwosavuta: chomera m'chilengedwe chimayenera kukhala m'nthaka nthawi yozizira, ndipo chifukwa cha kusintha kosunthika komanso nyengo yosinthika mosiyanasiyana nthawi yosungidwa panthaka, mababu amavutika kwambiri kuposa momwe gladioli amazolowera.

Chomera ichi ndichoyenera kulimidwa kuti chikhalepo mbuto zabwinobwino kuposa malo otseguka: kotero ndizosavuta kukhutitsa vagaries zonse za sparaxis ndikuzipatsanso malo osakhazikika. Koma ngakhale pabwalo, ngati mutha kulabadira chomera ndi kusamalira zofunika zake, mutha kuchita bwino.

Sparaxis ndi mitundu itatu. © Arte Cifuentes

Kukula sparaxis mumphika chikhalidwe ndi nyengo yozizira m'nyumba

Ngati lingaliro losunthika mu maluwa ndi kukumba kwa dzinja sikukugwirizana, ndiye kuti mungayesere kukulitsa sparaxis ngati chomera chidebe. Mwa kubzala mababu mu Seputembala m'mbale zazikulu ndi miphika mu kompositi 2-3 masentimita, mabulawo atha kutsalira mu wowonjezera kutentha kapena mu wowonjezera kutentha mpaka chisanu choyamba, kenako ndikusamutsira kumalo okhala kapena kumalo obiriwira kutentha ndi kutentha. Chapakatikati, chitukuko cha sparaxis chikayamba komanso madera okhala ndi nyengo yotentha, mungasangalale ndi maluwa owala bwino. Ndipo maluwa atafa pakati pa chilimwe, sparaxis adzafunika kuti ichotsedwe pansi ndikuisunga kufikira mutabzala. Malingaliro oterewa amafunikira chisamaliro chochenjera kwambiri, koma ngati mukukula sparaxis chifukwa chodulira kapena muli ndi dimba lozizira, ndi njira yabwino yotsegulira nthaka.

Malo abwino kwa sparaxis

Kuti sparaxis isangokhala pachimake, komanso kuti ipange maluwa akulu, odzaza, amafunika kupatsidwa malo abwino komanso "phokoso". Chomera ichi chimafunikira chitetezo champhamvu kuchokera kumphepo komanso kukonzekera, kusankha madera ofunda ndi otetezedwa. Koma nthawi imodzimodzi, ngakhale mthunzi wocheperako suvomerezeka: ma sparaxis ali ndi zithunzi zambiri ndipo amakula kokha m'malo otentha dzuwa pakati.

Sparaxis ndi yapamwamba. © jeffs bulbesetpots

Makhalidwe a dothi nawonso ndiofunikira kwambiri. Sparaxis sangabzalidwe m'nthaka iliyonse yobzalidwa. Izi anyezi amafunika kupatsa mafuta opatsa thanzi kuti azikhala ndi madzi abwino komanso mawonekedwe abwino, otayirira. Ngakhale panthaka yolowererapo ya sparaxis, amaikirabe madzi: mtengowu umakonda kwambiri kusayenda kwamadzi, makamaka chilimwe.

Muli kubzala ndi kukumba sparaxis

M'njira yapakati komanso kumpoto, sparaxis imabzalidwe m'nthaka pokhapokha kuwopseza kwa madzi oundana atatha, nthaka imawunda, ndipo nyengo yake ndi yokhazikika komanso yotentha. Mwachikhalidwe, mababu amabzalidwa mu Meyi, koma sanabzalidwe kwambiri ngati madera akumwera nthawi yachisanu.

Mababu a Sparaxis akhazikitsidwa mwamphamvu wina ndi mnzake, ndikutalikirana kwa 5-10 masentimita ndipo osaya kwambiri kuposa 5 cm pokhudzana ndi mzere wa nthaka. Mtengowo umaphuka kokha pakatha miyezi 2-3 - mu Ogasiti ndikubzala kwa Meyi ndi Seputembala ndi June. Maluwa adzakhala ofupika kwambiri kuposa madera akumwera. Maluwa atatha maluwa, zigawo za kumtunda kwa sparaxis zimafa pang'onopang'ono, koma muyenera kuyang'ana pakufukula osati ndi masamba masamba, koma ndi nyengo: muyenera kuchotsa mababu masamba asanafike frost yoyamba. Mukakumba ma corms, muyenera kusankha mosamala, kuyang'ana ndikumauma. Kuyanika kumachitika ndi kutentha osachepera madigiri 25 - m'chipinda chofunda komanso cholimba.

Kusamalira Sparaxis

Kukula kwa sparaxis popanda chisamaliro mosamala sikungathandize. Izi zochulukitsa sizingathe "kubzala ndi kuyiwalika": zimafunikira chisamaliro chomwe chimafananizira nyengo ndi kuzilola kuti zitheke m'nthawi yomwe simakonda chomera.

Kutsirira kuyenera kuzindikira nyengo. Pa chilala chochepa kwambiri kapena kutentha kwambiri, kutayika kwa chinyezi kuyenera kulipiriridwa ndikusunga chinyontho cha dothi lowala. Koma osathirira madzi ochuluka kwambiri komanso mwachangu: kuthilira kwa nthaka hakuyenera kuloledwa komanso chilala chotalikilapo.

Kufunika kwa umuna kumadalira mtundu wa dothi. Pamunda wachonde, sparaxis samadyetsa konse, koma pafupifupi dimba kapena kuvala pamwamba kwambiri - chinsinsi cha kukhazikitsidwa kwa maluwa ndi phesi. Ngati simunakonzere dothi kuti mulingo woyenera kwambiri, ndiye kuyambira pomwe mukubzala mababu, onjezerani gawo la feteleza wathunthu wamadzi ndi madzi othirira mwezi uliwonse. Chovala chotsiriza chomaliza chitha kuchitika pa gawo la maluwa, ndipo ndikofunikira kulola mababu kuti akhwime musanakumba.

Kuzizira kwa sparaxis

Zomera zouma za sparaxis sizisungidwa nthawi zambiri. Amakhala tcheru kwambiri kuposa mababu ena onse, ndikuwasunga kwa nthawi yayitali komanso koyambirira kwa masika, sayenera kungozizira. Mababu a sparaxis amasungidwa mu utuchi wouma komanso mumdima wathunthu. Kutentha kokwanira kwa mpweya kumachokera ku madigiri 5 mpaka 7 Celsius. Kwa mababu, kuwola ndi kuyanika ndiwowopsa, chifukwa chake, chinyezi chikuyenera kuyang'aniridwa kwambiri, kupewa zizindikiro zowonjezera.

Tizilombo ndi matenda

Kusintha kwa sparaxis kumathetsedwa pang'ono ndi kukana kwa chomera. M'malo obiriwira komanso nyengo yofatsa, ma bulbs amatha kudwala nsabwe za m'masamba; m'malo omwe amakhala ndi nyengo yozizira, mitundu yokhayo yazovunda zobwera chifukwa cha madzi ndizowopsa kwa iwo.

Kubala sparaxis

Chomera chambiri ichi chimangomangidwa osati ndi ma corms, komanso mbewu. Zowona, njira yotsirizayi ndiyotheka kokha nyengo yotentha kapena pamene mukukula m'malo obzala mitengo, chifukwa muyenera kusunga mbande zazing'ono osakumba zaka 2 musanayambe maluwa (pambuyo pokhapokha mutatha kusintha mbewu kukhala njira yabwino). Mbewu zofesedwa m'mabokosi kapena pa mbande mu Ogasiti, mu gawo lopanda michere ndipo limamera mwachangu. Akangotuluka, ayenera kudulidwa. Ndipo mphukira zazing'ono zikakhala zolimba, ndibwino kusamutsa mbewuzo ku dothi lotseguka kapena dothi la wowonjezera kutentha.