Buchus, kapena Boxwood

Boxwood (Buxus) - mtundu wa mbewu za boxwood banja. Izi ndi zitsamba zobiriwira zomwe zimamera pang'onopang'ono komanso mitengo yomwe imakula mpaka kutalika kwa 2-12 m (nthawi zina 15 m). Malinga ndi kafukufuku waposachedwa, mtundu wa boxus uli ndi mitundu yopitilira 100.

Dzinalo Lachilatini la mtunduwu limachokera ku Greek yina. πύξος - mabuku, kobwereka kuchokera kuchilankhulo chosadziwika. Mu Explanatory Dictionary of the Living Great Russian Language, mayina ena achi Russia olemba boxwood adalembedwa - bokosi la axle, mtengo wobiriwira, gevan, bukspan, shamshit, komanso mtengo wa kanjedza. Mgwirizano: Crantzia, Notobuxus, Tricera

Boxwood. © Van Swearingen

Ku Russia, boxwood nthawi zambiri imalima ngati chomera cha mphika, komanso m'malo otentha, monga mipanda.

Kuphatikiza apo, boxwood ndi imodzi mwazomera zodziwika bwino za bonsai, chifukwa boxwood iyi imakhala ndi zabwino zambiri: imamera m'mbale yaying'ono, kulekerera kudulira, zitsamba bwino, imakhala ndi masamba ang'onoang'ono, ndipo ndi chomera chothandiza chabe.

Kufotokozera kwa Boxwood Botanical

Masamba a boxwood ali moyang'anizana, kuchokera pamlaza mpaka pafupifupi ozungulira, m'mphepete mwake, achikopa.

Maluwa a Boxwood ndi ochepa, osakhazikika, mu axillary inflorescence, onunkhira.

Chipatso cha boxwood ndi bokosi lamiyala itatu, lomwe litakhwima, limasweka ndikufalitsa mbewu zakuda zonyezimira.

Boxwood. © Tuinieren

Kusamalira Boxwood

Kutentha:

M'chilimwe, kutentha wamba kwa chipinda, ngakhale boxwood imakonda kuyikidwa kunja. Mutha kupita naye kukhonde pamene kuwopsa kwa chisanu chikutha, kuti mubweretse m'dzinja, nyengo yozizira yoyamba. Boxwood iyenera kukhala yozizira m'malo otentha ndi kuthirira ochepa. Kwa mitundu ya thermophilic, kutentha kwa nyengo yozizira kumakhala pafupifupi 16-18 ° C, osati kutsika 12 ° C. Mitundu ya boxwood yolimbana ndi chisanu imatha kukhala yozizira panja pobisalira.

Zowunikira:

Boxwood imakonda kuwala kosangalatsa. M'nyengo yotentha, dzuwa limakhala lodzaza dzuwa kuchokera pakatikati pa dzuwa. M'mundamo, boxwood amaikidwa mumthunzi wachilengedwe wamtchire kapena mitengo yayitali.

Kuthirira nkhuni:

M'nyengo yotentha ndizochulukirapo, nthawi yozizira - ndizochepa kutengera kutentha.

Feteleza:

Pakati pa Marichi ndi Ogasiti, milungu iwiri iliyonse. Feteleza wa azaleas ndiyabwino.

Chinyezi cha mpweya:

Boxwood imayankha bwino kupopera kwa nthawi ndi madzi oyimirira.

Thirani Boxwood:

Pachaka nthaka ndi pH anachita pafupi ndi ndale. Malo osakanikirana 1 mbali yodziyimira dziko lapansi, magawo awiri a nthaka yamasamba, gawo limodzi la mchenga (vermiculite, perlite). Mutha kuwonjezera zidutswa za makala a birch. Pofunika kukhazikitsa ngalande, kuti pakubzala pasakhale lalikulu kwambiri, apo ayi mbewuyo imalepheretsa kukula.

Boxwood. © nkhandwe-ndi-fern

Kubwezeretsa Boxwood

Boxwood kufalitsidwa ndi kudulidwa ndi mbewu. Mu chikhalidwe, nthawi zambiri zimafalikira podulidwa ndi chilimwe ndi nthawi yophukira, popeza mbewu zimakhala ndi nthawi yayitali yopumira. Kudula kwa Boxwood kumakhala mizu yayitali komanso yolimba. Kudula kumayenera kukhala kokhazikika pamunsi, kusakhala kosaposa 7 cm ndikukhala ndi ma 2 internodes. Kuti mupeze mizu, tikulimbikitsidwa kugwiritsa ntchito phytohormones (muzu, heteroauxin) ndiotenthetsera dothi m'chipindamo.

Kugawa ndi chilengedwe

Pali malo atatu:

Afirika - m'nkhalango ndi nkhalango kumwera kwa Equatorial Africa ndi ku Madagascar,
Central American - kumalo otentha komanso kum'mwera kumpoto kwa Mexico ndi Cuba (mitundu 25 yotsala); Mitundu yaku America ndizomera zazikulu kwambiri zamtundu wamtunduwu, zomwe nthawi zambiri zimafika pakukula kwa mitengo yayitali (mpaka 20 m),
Euro-Asia - kuchokera ku Britain Isles kudzera ku Southern Europe, Asia Minor ndi Western Asia, Transcaucasia, China kupita ku Japan ndi Sumatra.

Ku Russia, mphepete mwa Nyanja Yakuda ya Caucasus, m'mphepete mwa mitsinje ndi zigwa mu gawo lachiwiri la nkhalango zowuma, mtundu umodzi umakula - Boxwood Colchis, kapena Caucasian (Buxus colchica). Nkhalango yapadera ya boxwood ili mkatikati mwa mtsinje wa Tsitsa ku nkhalango ya Qitsinsky ya nkhalango ya Kurdzhip ku Republic of Adygea, ili ndi malo omwe ali ndi boma lotetezedwa. Dera lake lili pafupifupi mahekitala 200.

Boxwood Colchis, nthambi zokhala ndi masamba ndi zipatso. © Lazaregagnidze

Dera la boxwood limachepetsedwa nthawi zonse chifukwa cha kugwa. Makamaka madera akuluakulu a nkhalango zamtundu wa boxwood adakumana ndi vuto lakumapeto kwa chaka cha 2009 pomanga pulogalamu ya Olimpiki Adler - Krasnaya Polyana. Mitengo ikuluikulu masauzande angapo idachotsedwa ndikuikidwa m'manda.

Boxwoods ndizomera zosasinthika: zimamera pamiyala yamiyala, m'mphepete mwa nkhalango, m'nkhalango zoterera komanso zamdima. Olekerera kwambiri pamthunzi, komanso wokonda kutentha. M'chilengedwe amakhala m'malo a acidic pang'ono.

Chitetezo

Colchis boxwood adalembedwa mu Red Book of the Russian Federation.

Tanthauzo ndi Kugwiritsa

Boxwood ndi imodzi mwazomera zodzikongoletsera zomwe zinagwiritsidwa ntchito kupangira zokongoletsa zamaluwa ndi zokongoletsa (zomwe nthawi zambiri zimatchedwa Buchusus) Imakhala yamtengo chifukwa cha korona wawo wokongola, masamba owoneka bwino komanso kulekerera tsitsi, komwe kumakupatsani mwayi wopanga mawonekedwe ndi malire, komanso mawonekedwe odabwitsa omwe amasunga mawonekedwe awo kwanthawi yayitali.

Akatolika ku Western Europe amakongoletsa nyumba zawo ndi nthambi za boxwood pa Lamlungu la Palm.

Boxwood

Boxwood ndi mtundu wa spelwood wopanda zida za nyukiliya. Izi zikutanthauza kuti mumtengo wongodulidwa kumene, kusiyana kwa mtundu pakati pa matabwa ndi mitengo yakupsa kumatsala pang'ono kuwonongeka. Mtengo wowuma wa boxwood uli ndi mtundu wofanana wa matte kuchokera ku kuwala kwachikasu kupita ku waxy, komwe kumadetseka pang'ono ndi nthawi, komanso kapangidwe kake kamene kali ndi zigawo zazifupi zapachaka. Zombozo ndizochepa, zokha, sizowoneka ndi maliseche. Misewu yapakati imakhala yosaoneka pakadula. Nkhuni imakoma pang'ono kuwawa, palibe fungo linalake.

Boxwood ndiye wovuta kwambiri komanso wopepuka kuposa onse omwe amapezeka ku Europe. Kutalika kwake kumayambira pa 830 kg / m³ (kouma kotheratu) mpaka 1300 kg / m³ (odulidwa kumene), ndipo kuuma kwake kumayambira pa 58 N / mm (radial) kupita ku 112 N / mm² (kumapeto).

Boxwood ndi yolimba kuposa Hornbeam mu mphamvu: yophatikizika paminga - pafupifupi 74 MPa, yokhala ndi maimidwe osasunthika - 115 MPa.

Hardwood boxwood imagwiritsidwa ntchito kupangira matabwa ang'onoang'ono, popanga mbale zazing'ono, zidutswa za chess, mpira wa cage pamasewera a novus, zida zoimbira, zida zamakina, zomwe zimafunikira kukana kwapamwamba kuphatikizidwa ndi mawonekedwe osalala bwino: oyendetsa makina osindikizira , zofunkha komanso zingwe zoluka, zida zoyezera, tsatanetsatane wa zida zopangira opaleshoni. Madera ochepera amapita kukapanga mapaipi osuta.

Matabwa a Boxwood pamtambo wamtundu (butt) amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga nkhuni. Boxwood ndiye mtengo wabwino kwambiri wopangira nkhuni, ndipo izi zinapangitsa kuti awonongedwe pafupifupi theka lachiwiri la zaka za zana la 19, pomwe zithunzi m'manyuzipepala kuzungulira dziko lapansi zidadulidwa pamatanda a boxwood, nthawi zina kukula kwa nyuzipepala kufalikira.

Sawn veneers amapangidwa ndipo akupangidwa pang'ono kuchokera ku boxwood, pogwiritsa ntchito makina apadera odulidwa pang'ono. Mu XX ndi XXI m'ma boxwood veneer chifukwa cha mtengo wokwera umagwiritsidwa ntchito ma inlays okha.

Tsuge (dzina lachi Japan loti boxweed) ndi mtengo womwe ziwonetsero zoimbira shogi zimapangidwira.

Zopereka zogulitsa nkhuni pamsika ndizosowa kwenikweni, ndipo mtengo wake ndi wokwera kwambiri.

Kugwiritsa ntchito boxwood ngati chomera chamankhwala

Kale m'masiku akale, boxwood idagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati njira yothana ndi chifuwa, matenda am'mimba, komanso matenda opweteka, mwachitsanzo, malungo. Monga njira yothana ndi malungo, akuti, akufanana ndi quinine. Masiku ano, kukonzekera kwa boxwood sikugwiritsidwa ntchito kawirikawiri chifukwa cha kawopsedwe kake, popeza ndizovuta kwambiri kutulutsa bwino. Kuledzera kumatha kuyambitsa kusanza, kukhumudwa komanso ngakhale kufa. Ma homeopath amagwiritsabe ntchito boxwood ngati njira yothana ndi rheumatism.

Ndipo chodabwitsa china ...

Boxwood imagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga zithumwa. Amakhulupirira kuti nthambi zamtundu wa boxwood zimakhala ngati chisangalalo chodabwitsa kuchokera ku matsenga osiyanasiyana oyipa, mwachitsanzo, kuchokera kumaso amdima, mwachinyengo, kuchokera ku diso loipa ndi ziphuphu, kuchokera ku vampirism yamphamvu. Kuphatikiza apo, nthambi zamtundu wa boxwood zomwe zimayikidwa pansi pa pilo zimatha kuteteza ku maloto oyipa. Palinso malingaliro akuti ngati munthu amangonyamula bokosi la boxwood ndi iye, izi zimamupatsa mphatso yolankhula bwino komanso zimamuteteza ku ngozi. Kuphatikiza apo, zisumbu zakale zochokera ku boxwood zidagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati "nyumba yachifumu" kwa amatsenga. Zithumwa izi za boxwood "zidatseka" amatsenga, osazilola kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zawo kuchita zoyipa.

Zoopsa

Zigawo zonse za chomeracho makamaka masamba ndi oopsa. Boxwood ili ndi ma alkaloids pafupifupi 70, mwa ena cyclobuxin D. Zomwe zimakhala ndi masamba a masamba ndi makungwa pafupifupi 3%. Mlingo wa Lethal cyclobuxin D kwa agalu, 0,5 mg wa kilogalamu ya thupi mukamamwa pakamwa.