Cineraria yamtunduwu ndi ya banja la a Astrov ndipo ili ndi mitundu pafupifupi makumi asanu. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pantchito yolima, komwe imagawika m'magulu awiri - deciduous, wamkulu, monga lamulo, m'munda, komanso maluwa, nthawi zambiri amakhala wamkulu mkati. Ngakhale mbewuzi ndizomwe zimatha kubereka, nyengo yathu imakhala yolimidwa.
Mitundu ya Cineraria ndi mitundu
Nyanja ya Cineraria napezanso mayina m'madzi, siliva kapena siliva. Chomera chokongoletsera chopangira chitsamba cha masamba obiriwira ndi hui wotchedwa siliva.
Pali mitundu ingapo yomwe imasiyana kukula kwa chitsamba kapena mawonekedwe ake:
- Boti lasiliva,
- Cirrus,
- Fumbi Lasiliva,
- Ojambula.
Zophatikiza mafinya kapena wamagazi. Maonekedwe a Bushy, ofunika makamaka chifukwa cha maluwa. Ali ndi masamba autali, otsimikizira bwino maluwa. Nthawi zambiri kuposa mitundu ina imamera m'nyumba.
Mitundu yotchuka:
- Stellate,
- Chifundo,
- Mbambande,
- Jester,
Zabwino cineraria Mphukira zamtunduwu zimakhala ndi nthambi yayitali kwambiri ndipo zimatalika masentimita 50-60. Maluwa omwe amatengedwa mu inflorescence, scute, amatha kukhala osavuta kapena awiri. Limamasula m'dzinja mpaka kuzizira. Lilinso ndi mitundu yazifupi yopanda 30 cm.
Kulima mbewu za Cineraria
Nthawi zambiri, amalima maluwa, akufuna kukula cineraria, amapeza mbewu yabwino. Ndipo ili ndi gawo labwino chifukwa mbewu za mbewu iyi zimamera kwambiri. Kubzala kumachitika pakati pa kasupe mu njira ya mmera.
Mbewu zimabalalika pamchenga wosakanizika ndi peat muyezo umodzi umodzi, ndikufinya pang'ono ndikuyika. Zitatha izi, dothi limakonkhedwa ndi mfuti yothira ndikuphimba mumphika ndi galasi kapena filimu.
Tanki yofesayo imasungidwa poyatsira nyali, nthawi ndi nthawi ikamakokolola ndi kupopera nthaka.
Mphukira zimawonekera patatha masiku 7-10 mutabzala. Izi zikachitika, galasi limachotsedwa. Ndikapangika masamba awiri enieni, zikumera zimalowa mumphika wa peat, kuziika ziyenera kuchitidwa pamodzi ndi mtanda wina.
Cineraria kubzala kunja ndi chisamaliro
Potseguka, mbewu zazing'ono zimabzalidwa kumapeto kwa masika, pomwe kuwopseza kwa chisanu usiku kudzachoka. Podzala, muyenera kusankha malo owala bwino, koma ndikofunikira kuti mbewu zotetezedwa ku dzuwa masana. Nthaka iyenera kukhala ndi ngalande, osatenga mbali kapena pang'ono zamchere, komanso ikhale yopatsa thanzi.
Kubzala panthaka sikosiyana ndi mbewu zina. Zitsime zimayikidwa pafupifupi 20 cm kuchokera kumodzi, kuphatikizira kumachitika limodzi ndi mtanda wakale, nchifukwa chake kulowera mumiphika za peat kunalangizidwa. Mutabzala, malowa amaphwanyidwa pang'ono ndikuthiriridwa.
Dahlias ndionso oimira banja la a Astrovia, akabzala komanso kusamalira panja, amafunikira kusunga malamulo angapo okonza. Malangizo akukula ndi chisamaliro chomwe mungapeze m'nkhaniyi.
Kuthirira cineraria
Kusamalira cineraria sikutanthauza kuyesetsa konse. Monga lamulo, limavutika ndi mvula yachilengedwe, Komanso, izi zimakonda kulolera chilala.
Ngati kukutentha kwambiri mumsewu ndipo sipanakhale mvula kwanthawi yayitali, ndiye madzulo dzuwa litalowa kapena m'mawa, kuthirira mosasamba kuyenera kuchitika, ndipo zitatha izi (kapena mvula), masulani nthaka ndikuchotsa udzu womera udzu.
Feteleza wa cineraria
Pakadutsa masiku 15 aliwonse, kuvala pamwamba kumayenera kuikidwa ngati feteleza wathunthu wamaminidwe. Mitundu yamaluwa yokongoletsera pa nthawi ya kuphukira imapangidwa umuna kamodzi pa masiku 7, ikusinthana ndi organic kanthu ndikuphatikiza mchere.
Kudulira kwa Cineraria
Maluwa omwe amayamba kufota amadulidwa nthawi yomweyo, kuti nthawi yonse ya maluwa ikhale yayitali. Mitundu yomwe imakulidwa masamba azodzikongoletsa, masamba amawadulira ikangowonekera.
Popeza mdera lathu lanyengo limalimidwa monga pachaka, pamenepo kumapeto kwa tchire loti mitengo imawonongeka, ndi malowo amakumbidwa.
Cineraria m'nyengo yozizira
Mitundu yokongoletsera komanso yowola ikhoza kuyesedwa kuti isungidwe mwa kuphimba ndi masamba owuma nyengo yachisanu. Koma izi sizitanthauza kuti duwa lidzapulumuka - zonse zimatengera kutha kwa chisanu.
Chapakatikati, pogona chimachotsedwa ndikudula mbali zomwe zimakhudzidwa ndi chisanu. Komanso m'dzinja, mbewu zimatha kukunidwa ndikubzala mumiphika, kusiya nthawi yozizira ndi malo owala ndi kutentha kozizira, ndipo mchaka chamtchire chimasinthidwanso m'munda. Mwambiri, zonsezi ndi zofuna za chisamaliro cha cineraria.
Kufalitsa kwa Cineraria ndi odulidwa
Kubzala mbewu ndiyo njira yokhayo yopezera mbewu zatsopano pazomera zokongoletsera. Mitundu yokongoletsera yowala imatha kudalidwa mwakuchulukitsa mwaudulidwe.
Zidula 10cm kutalika kudula chilimwe. Kuti muwabzala, muyenera kutenga chidebe ndi mabowo okwirira, mudzaze ndi masentimita 10 a dothi losakanizika ndi mchenga, kenanso masentimita 5 a mchenga wowuma bwino. Zitatha izi, nthaka imakhetsedwa ndi yankho la potaziyamu permanganate.
Zodulidwa zimaperekedwa ndi njira yopititsira patsogolo mapangidwe awo ndikumata gawo lawo, kenako ndikuphimba ndi botolo la pulasitiki kuti lipange greenhouse. Kutsirira kumachitika kamodzi masiku angapo ngati nthaka Iuma.
Zinthuzo zikazika mizu, ndikofunikira kuyamba kuchotsa botolo tsiku lililonse kwa maola angapo, kuti mbewu zazing'onozi zizolowere zatsopano. Ndikothekanso kuchotsa mabotolo kwathunthu mukaona kuti ndi koyenera, kuyang'ana mbewu zanu, koma makamaka zimachitika patsiku ladzaza.
Zitha kubzala cineraria m'mundamo chaka chamawa chokha, ndipo nthawi yozizira iyenera kusungidwa bwino komanso kutentha.
Matenda ndi Tizilombo
Mwa matenda, cineraria nthawi zambiri imakhudzidwa ndi bowa - dzimbiri ndi ufa wowuma. Nthawi zambiri izi zimachitika mu kutentha kwambiri komanso chinyezi chachikulu.
Dzimbiri limadziwulula mawanga ofiira pa masamba ndi mphukirandi mitundu ya powdery mildew chikwangwani choyera pamasamba.
Ndikovuta kulimbana ndi matenda chifukwa cha villi pa masamba, chifukwa chake ndibwino kuti musalole chinyezi chambiri ndi kusungunuka kwamadzi pamalopo, kuposa kuyesa kuthana ndi matendawa. Ngati bowa akuwonekerabe, ndiye kuti matendawa amafunika kudulidwa ndikuthandizidwa ndi fungicides, mwachitsanzo, Bordeaux madzi.
Tizilombo tating'onoting'ono tomwe timayambitsa matenda a cineraria ndi akangaude ndi nsabwe za m'masamba. Amawoneka nthawi zambiri nyengo yotentha ndipo amadya masamba azomera.
Ndikosavuta kutsuka tchire la cineraria ndi madzi ofunda, nthawi zambiri amangophatikiza mankhwala ophera tizilombo - actellica kapena phytoerm. Samalani chifukwa chakuti Actellic ndi oopsa kwambiri ndipo muyenera kusamala mukamachiza mbewu nayo.
Kuphatikiza pa mankhwala oletsa tizirombo, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito infusions wa fodya, peel anyezi kapena adyo.
