Juniper - chomera chobiriwira chobiriwira, ndi cha banja la kuCypress. Ili ndi zabwino zambiri ndipo imafunidwa komanso ndiyofunika kuigwiritsa ntchito. Chifukwa chake, mwachitsanzo, chimagwiritsidwa ntchito chokongoletsera minda, maleko, mapaki.
Juniper wakula ngati mtengo, shrubber kapena ngati wowerengeka wa singano. Zimatsuka mpweya, kumalimbitsa malo otsetsereka. Wood imayamikiridwa chifukwa cha mphamvu yake (kupanga ma canes) ndi kukana kuola (kulenga mapensulo).
Mitundu ndi mitundu
Juniper
Ndi mtengo kapena chitsamba chomwe kutalika kwake kumafikira 12 metres pomwe ali ndi mawonekedwe osiyanasiyana, kutengera mitundu.
Amasiyana ndi mitundu ina mu mphukira zofiirira ndi makungwa, omwe amapendekera. Singano ndiwobisalira, wanzeru komanso wopanda phokoso. Palinso ma cones ang'onoang'ono akuda omwe ndi mainchesi 6-10 mm okhala ndi chidutswa chaching'ono cha imvi.
Mitundu yodziwika bwino kwambiri:
Juniper Suecica - shrub yoyera, yakukula kwambiri, yotalika kutalika kwa 4-4.5. Mtundu wa singano singano umachokera ku wobiriwira wobiriwira mpaka wobiriwira.
Mitundu iyi imakonda madera oyatsidwa bwino, koma ngati yabzalidwa pamthunzi, ndiye kuti korona adzafalikira pansi kapena kutsamira kumbuyo, m'malo mokulitsidwa m'mwamba. Kuphatikiza apo, imagonjetsedwa ndi chisanu, chosasamala ndipo imalekerera kudulira. Chifukwa cha izi, imagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga zojambula zam'munda, zokongoletsa mall ndi nyumba.
Juniper Green Carpet - mtundu womwe ukukula pang'ono (theka la mita kutalika), koma ukukula m'lifupi (pafupifupi mita imodzi ndi theka), chifukwa chake umawoneka ngati chomera chomata. Mphukira zimakhala ndi singano zofewa zobiriwira.
Juniper Hibernika - Mtengo wopapatiza, wowuma, wopindika, wotalika mpaka 3,5. Nthambi sizinapuleapo singano zobiriwira. Zimafunika kumangirira nyengo yachisanu, apo ayi nthambi zingathe kuthyoka chifukwa cha chipale chofewa.
Chithunzi Cha Juniper Gold - Mitundu iyi imasiyana ndi ena mtundu wa singano. Chowonadi ndi chakuti mu nthawi ya masika nthambi zimakhala zachikaso zowoneka bwino, pakugwa kwawo zimakhala ndi mtundu wachikasu wobiriwira, ndipo nthawi yozizira imakhala mkuwa.
Mkhalidwe waukulu pakusungira zokongoletsera ndikupereka malo owala bwino kuti akule, apo ayi, singano zimangokhala zobiriwira. Juniper amakula mpaka 4 m ndipo ali ndi mainchesi mulifupi. Ndi mawonekedwe ofanana.
Juniper Rocky
Chimodzi mwazinthu za juniper pamtunda wa piramidi, mpaka 10 m.Makani kukana ndi zovuta za chilengedwe, monga nyengo yotentha. Gwiritsani ntchito Juniper Rock ngati mipanda ndi nyimbo zina.
Mitundu yotchuka kwambiri:
Juniper Skyrocket - mbewu yolimba, yotalikilapo, imamera ngati mzati mpaka kutalika kwa 5-8 m, pomwe m'lifupi mwake ndi mita imodzi. Simalola madzi kusayenda. Dothi lanyumba. Ndi mtundu wosakhazikika nthawi yachisanu, koma nyengo yachisanu isanayambe, ndibwino kumangiriza nthambi zonse pamodzi kuti zisalemedwe ndi chipale chofewa.
Juniper Blue Arrow - mtundu wamtundu, umafikira mpaka 5 m kutalika ndi 0,8-1 m mu girth. Masingano sakhala odandaula komanso ali ndi utoto wamtambo. Nthaka iyenera kutayidwa bwino kuti isatsetsere madzi, ndipo malowo ayenera kuwalidwa bwino.
Namwali wamkazi
Amawonedwa kuti ndiosavuta kusamalira komanso kukana pazovuta. Pansi pazachilengedwe, mtunduwu umamera pafupi ndi mitsinje. Chofunika kwambiri ndi nkhuni, yomwe imalephera kuola, motero imagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga zolembera. Zoletsedwa ndi chilala, zosagwira chisanu ndipo zimalekerera pang'ono kugwedezeka.
Mitundu yotchuka kwambiri:
Juniper Grey Owl - ili ndi mawonekedwe a chitsamba (kutalika kwa 1.5 m, m'lifupi mpaka 2 m) ndi singano za siliva. Chiwerengero chachikulu cha ma cones chimapereka mawonekedwe apadera okongoletsa.
Juniper Hetz - shrub wokula msanga pafupifupi 2 m mulitali ndi mita 2-3. Ili ndi singano ya imvi.
Juniper Pendula - mtengo wamtali, wamtali (ukhoza kufikira kutalika kwa 15 m). Singano ali ndi imvi.
Juniper Kanaertii - mtengo, wozungulira wozungulira (6-7 m wamtali), uli ndi singano zobiriwira zakuda, zomwe zimasungunuka ndi ma toni amtundu wamtambo wakuda.
Juniper Blue Mtambo - mawonekedwe ang'onoang'ono (mpaka theka la mita kutalika ndi theka la mita m'lifupi). Ma singano ali ndi mtundu wa imvi.
Zoyipa zopota
Amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati zokongoletsera pansi, popeza amafikira kutalika kwa 0,3-0.4 m, koma m'lifupi mwake amakula ndi 1.5-2 m.Amadziwika kuti ndi mtundu wamtunda.
Mitundu yotchuka kwambiri:
Juniper Limeglow - ali ndi singano yowala yachikasu. Amakonda malo okhala ndi dzuwa osati dothi lolemera.
Juniper Blue Chip - masingano ali ndi mawonekedwe osintha mthunzi wawo kuchokera ku siliva-buluu m'chilimwe kukhala wofiirira nthawi yachisanu.
Juniper Andorra Variegata - Imakhala ndi singano zowoneka bwino zobiriwira komanso kirimu pang'ono kamene kamalowa mchilimwe, koma nthawi yozizira, utoto wofiirira umalowa m'malo mwake.
Juniper Chinese
Omwe amatembenukira pang'onopang'ono mitengo ndi tchire. Mitengo imafika mpaka 20 metres, kotero nthawi zambiri imagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga bonsai miniature. Mitundu yomwe imakulidwa ngati zitsamba imagwiritsidwa ntchito kukongoletsa madera ang'onoang'ono.
Mitundu yotchuka kwambiri:
Juniper Variegata - ali ndi singano yobiriwira. Kufikira mikono iwiri ndipo pafupifupi mita imodzi. Chomera chimachita mantha ndi dzuwa loyambirira lamasika, motero nthawi ino iyenera kukhala yamthunzi.
Juniper Blue Alps - ili ndi korona wokula wokulirapo wokhala ndi mphukira yammbali. M'mimba mwake mumafika mita ziwiri.
Cossack Juniper
Zimatanthauzanso zitsamba zowuma, zomwe nthawi zambiri zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kulimbitsa malo otsetsereka, chifukwa sizofunikira kumtunda, osagwirizana ndi chilala komanso chosatha.
Mitundu yotchuka kwambiri:
Juniper Tamariscifolia - shrub lalifupi, lalifupi ndi singano zazifupi za mtundu wamtambo wonyezimira. Ngati mungachiwisire pamthunzi, ndiye kuti utoto wake umayamba kuda. Hafu ya mita imodzi yokha, mpaka awiri mita mulifupi.
Juniper Arcadia - chomera chachidule chokhala ndi singano zofewa zobiriwira. Imakula makamaka m'lifupi (mpaka 2,5-3 m) ndipo imakhala ngati kalipentala wodabwitsa.
Ma juniperi apakati
Awa ndi tchire lowoneka bwino ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana. Nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito kukongoletsa madera ang'onoang'ono, akasupe a mini, ma phukusi ndi njira zopita kunyumba ndi zina.
Mitundu yotchuka kwambiri:
Juniper Pfitzilisi Aurea - imakula mpaka kutalika kwa mita imodzi ndikufalikira mamita awiri m'lifupi. Mphukira zazing'ono zachikasu zagolide ndi singano zachikasu zobiriwira. Ndikwabwino kugwiritsa ntchito malo owala bwino pobzala, monga mu mthunzi wa singano imangokhala yobiriwira.
Nyenyezi Yagolide ya Juniper - ali ndi singano zofewa zobiriwira bwino. Kufikira 1 mita kukwera, ndi mpaka 2 m mulibe 2. Palibe zofunikira zapadothi.
Juniper Old Golide - msipu womwe umakula pang'onopang'ono, kotero kuti pachaka umayamba kutalika pafupifupi masentimita 10-15 ndikufika mita imodzi ndi theka. Masingano ali ndi malo osintha mtundu wawo kuchoka wachikasu chagolide m'chilimwe kukhala bulauni wachikasu nthawi yachisanu.
Kubzala kwa juniper ndikusamalira poyera
Kubzala kwa juniper m'munda wotseguka kumachitika mu April (Epulo-Meyi), kubzala m'dzinja kumaloledwa (mu Okutobala). Mmera wokonzekera kubzala wotseguka uyenera kufikira zaka 3-4. Mukamagula toyesa achinyamata m'minda yazipinda, muyenera kuonetsetsa kuti mmera womwe uli mchidebe chokhala ndi kuchuluka kwa osapitilira malita 4-5 ndi bwino kuzika mizu.
Kuphatikiza apo, sipayenera kukhala chisonyezo chaching'ono kwambiri cha matenda, ngati kukayikira pang'ono kwa matenda omwe angayambike, ndiye kuti kuli bwino kusankha wina.
Nthawi yodzala, ndikofunikira kukumba dzenje lalikulu kotero kuti limayika dongo lonse momwe mulipu wa juniper, kuti mizu isawonongeke. Ngati, pazifukwa zina, simukutsimikiza kudalirika kwa dothi lomwe mizu yake idakhazikikanso, ndikofunikanso kuyang'ana mizu mutagula kuti muwone ngati awonongeka kapena ali ndi kachilombo.
Chifukwa chake, timayika mizu yokha m'madzi kwa maola angapo, ndiye kuti timayang'ana mizu, kuchotsa mbali zowonongeka, ndikuchotsa mizu ndi chowonjezera chowonjezera (muzu). Juniper wokhala ndi mizu yopanda kanthu amathanso kubzala pamalopo pokhapokha nthawi yachilimwe kapena kumapeto kwa chilimwe, nyengo ikakhala yabwino.
Kutengera mtundu ndi mitundu, mbewuyo imabzalidwa patali pomwe ikhoza kukula.
Dothi la Juniper
Patatsala pang'ono kubzala (masabata 1.5-2), ndikofunikira kukonza dothi. Maenje amakumbidwa koposa katatu kapena katatu kuposa mizu (matope akunyowa). Denga losanjikiza (15-20 cm) la njerwa ndi mchenga losweka limayikidwa pansi ngati ngalawo.
Kenako timadzaza dzenje 2/3 ndi gawo laling'ono: turf nthaka, mchenga ndi peat (1: 1: 2 magawo) osakanikirana ndi 0,3 kg nitroammophoski. Ngati dothi silili bwino, mwachitsanzo, mchenga, ndiye kuti mutha kuwonjezera ndowa theka.
Feteleza wa Juniper
Mitundu ina ya juniper imafunikira feteleza wowonjezera, kotero kuti pa juniper wa Virginian mutha kuwonjezera theka ndowa ya kompositi. Zingakhale zabwino kuti mlonda wa Cossack awonjezere 0,3 kg wa ufa wa dolomite. Njira zonsezi zimachitidwa pasadakhale, chifukwa pakatha milungu iwiri dziko lapansi mu dzenje lidzakhala ndi nthawi yolumikizidwa ndipo mmera ukhoza kukhalamo.
Mutabzala, muzu wamizu wa chomera uyenera kukhala 8-10 cm pamwamba pa nthaka, mobwerezabwereza, chifukwa chakuti nthaka idakali yokwanira. Pambuyo poti chitsamba chimathiriridwa, ndipo madziwo akamwetsa, ndikofunikira kuyika mbowo mozungulira thunthu, izi ziteteza dothi kuti lisaume.
Kuthirira kwa Juniper
Munthawi yakukula, ndikwanira kuthirira chomera pokhapokha kutentha kwambiri kapena mvula ikakhala nthawi yayitali. Pansi pa chitsamba chimodzi chachikulu chimasiya malita a madzi a 10-15.
Zingakhale mwayi wina ngati kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa kumachitika m'mawa pambuyo pa tsiku lotakasuka. Chomera ichi chimathokoza singano ndi mitundu yowala.
Kudulira kwa juniper
Kudulira kumachitika ukakhala ndi mtima wofuna kupatsa juniperi mawonekedwe achilendo. Kudulira kumathanso kuchitika ngati nthambi zouma kapena malo opunduka azioneka pachomera.
Kulima mbewu za Juniper
Zazomera zomwe zimamera ngati zitsamba ndi mitengo, zimafalikira ndi mbewu ndi kudula, ndi mitundu yokwawa pomera.
Mbewu ziyenera kuti zimangiridwe choyamba, chifukwa zimafesedwa m'mabokosi ndi dothi ndikuzipititsa mumsewu kumayambiriro kwa dzinja, osaphimba. Kumayambiriro koyambira (Meyi), mbewu zofesedwa m'mabedi.
M'mitundu ina ya juniper, ali ndi chipolopolo cholimba kwambiri, chifukwa chake, kufalikira kwina kumachitika. Njira yosavuta ndiyowonongeka kwamakina ndi kukangana pakati pama board awiri a sandpaper. Pambuyo pake, njerezo zakonzeka kufesa m'nthaka ndikuya kuya kwa 2-3 cm.
Zitsime zimathiriridwa, kuphatikizidwa ndi kunyowetsedwa mtsogolo pokhapokha ngati pakufunika. Mbande zazing'ono zimasinthidwa kumalo okhazikika pazaka zitatu zokha.
Kufalitsa kwa juniper ndi odulidwa
Dulani zodula mu kasupe kuyambira achichepere, koma atakhala ndi lign, akuwombera masentimita 6-8, kuti aliyense ali ndi ma internodes 2-3. Mfundo yofunika kwambiri: kudula sikuyenera kudulidwa, koma kumadulidwamo kotero kuti wotchedwa "chidendene" ndi chidacho cha khungwa la mayi chimatsalira kumapeto. Pambuyo pake, aliyense phesi asanabzalidwe amachiritsidwa ndi chowonjezera chokupatsani.
Gawo laling'ono liyenera kukhala ndi mchenga wosakanizira, peat ndi humus pazofanana zofanana. Wotsogola wapamwamba wamtunda wa 3-4 masentimita umakhala ndi mchenga wowuma, momwemo mufunika kuti phesi lidzamizidwa ndikuzama 1.5-2 cm ndikuphimba ndi botolo la pulasitiki kapena chokho. Pafupi ndi yophukira, mawonekedwe a mizu mu mphukira zazing'ono amawonedwa, koma amawayika kumalo okhazikika pokhapokha zaka 2-3.
Kufalitsa kwa juniper mwa kuyala
Mwanjira imeneyi, nyama zamtchire zokwawa zimafalikira. Chowonadi ndi chakuti mwanjira iyi ndikofunikira kusankha nthambi yaying'ono, koma yopanga bwino ndipo, osapatuka kuchokera kwa mayi chomera, kugwada pansi ndikuwukoka (kuti ikhale yodalirika, konzani nthambiyo ndi mankhusu pansi ndikuwaza ndi nthaka), madzi ndi mulch.
Pamalo omwe padzakhale pansi, ndikofunikira kuthyola singano (chiwembu cha pafupifupi 20 cm). Kuphatikiza apo, dziko lapansi liyenera kumasulidwa (kuchimbidwa bwino) ndikudzala. Musaiwale za kuthirira nthawi zonse.
Zikamera zatsopano zikayamba kuwoneka pamalopo, izi zikuwonetsa kuzika mizu, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti phesiyo lingathe kulekanitsidwa ndi mayi ndikubzalira pamalo okhazikika.
Matenda ndi Tizilombo
Juniper nthawi zambiri amakhudzidwa ndi matenda a fungus monga dzimbiri. Poterepa, makulidwe opindika ngati ayilo amayamba kupanga nthambi, mphukira ndi ma cones. Singano amasanduka zofiirira, zouma komanso zolimba ndi ma cones.
Poyambirira, chomera chikhoza kupulumutsidwa. Madera omwe akhudzidwa amachotsedwa, malo odulidwa omwe amathandizidwa ndi mitundu yam'munda, ndipo chomera chonsecho chimathandizidwa ndi 1% yankho la mkuwa wa sulfate. Monga njira yodzitetezera, mutha kuthira tchire kawiri pachaka (kasupe ndi nthawi yophukira) ndi yankho la 1% la Bordeaux.
Mwa tizilombo, nyengoyi imakhudza nsabwe za m'masamba, nthata za akangaude ndi tizilombo tating'onoting'ono polimbana ndi tizirombo tothandiza.
