Nyemba zodziwika bwino (Ricinus communis) ndi dimba lodzala ndi mankhwala osatha, lili ndi banja la euphorbia, ndipo ndi la mtundu wina wa genotypic (mtunduwo ndi mtundu umodzi). Mitundu yambiri ndi minda yamafuta amtundu wa castor ali ndi kutchuka kwambiri pakati pa wamaluwa. Komwe kubadwa kwa chomera chotere mwina ndi ku Africa, makamaka ku Ethiopia. Komabe, masiku ano kuthengo zitha kupezeka m'malo otentha kwambiri padziko lapansi, mwachitsanzo: ku Iran, Africa, Argentina, China, India ndi Brazil. Ku North Africa, Egypt akhala akulima mbewu za mafuta a castor kwazaka zambiri, chowonadi ndichakuti mbewu za chomera chotere zidapezeka m'manda a mafumu aku Egypt, omwe adapangidwa zaka za 4th 33 BC. "Castor" wochokera ku Chilatini atha kutanthauzira kuti "Mafunso", omwe amapatsa dzina "mafuta a castor" ku chomera. Chowonadi ndi chakuti kunja kwake mbewu zake ndizofanana ndi nkhupakupa. Alimi a ku Russia amatchulanso chomera chotchedwa castor, Turkey hemp ndi mtengo wa paradiso.
Zinthu za mafuta a castor
Chomera cha mafuta a Castor ndichosangalatsa masamba pachaka. Chomera chofalachi chitha kutalika mamita 2 mpaka 10. Mphukira zopanda nthambi zambiri zitha kupaka utoto wofiirira, wa bulauni kapena wobiriwira. Masamba oikidwa lotsatira omwe amakhala ndi petioles lalitali osawoneka bwino. Masamba akulu osiyanitsidwa ndi masamba a kanjedza omwe amaphatikizidwa amaphatikiza kuyambira 5 mpaka 7 masamba, pomwe adapakidwa utoto. Chifukwa cha masamba ake akuluakulu owoneka bwino, mtengowu watchuka kwambiri pakati pa olima dimba. Koma maluwa ofiira, ophatikizidwa ndi inflorescence monga burashi, alibe mtengo wokongoletsa. Zipatso ndi mabokosi, pomwe paminga minga, amakhala ndi mawonekedwe ozungulira, ndikupangitsa chitsamba kukhala chokongola kwambiri, chomwe chili pakati pa masamba. Zipatsozi zimakhala ndi njere zowotcha zomwe zimakhala ndi mtundu wa motley mosaic: bulauni, pinki, pinki yowala moyang'ana kumbali ya utoto wautoto waukulu, zimatengera mitunduyo ndipo mwina zimakhala zofiirira, imvi kapena zina. Chomera ichi ndichopere chifukwa chili ndi mafuta a pyridine alkaloid. Nthawi zambiri amalima mitundu yotsika mtengo wa masamba a castor omwe ali ndi masamba, omwe ali ndi utoto wowala, mwachitsanzo, castor nyemba Zanzibar, mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya Gibson kapena castor nyemba Cambodian.
Kukula mafuta a castor kuchokera kumbewu
Kufesa
Mafuta a Castor amatha kufalikira pokhapokha ndi njere, ndipo asanafe, amafunika kuchepetsedwa. Malinga ndi ziwerengero, mwa mbewu 10 zobzalidwa, 6 zokha kapena 7 ndizothandiza. ) Kufesa mbewu zitha kuchitika mwachindunji panja m'masiku omaliza a Epulo kapena Meyi. Komabe, ndikofunikira kukulitsa chomera cha mafuta a castor kudzera mbande, pomwe kufesa mbewu kumachitika mu Marichi kapena masiku oyamba a Epulo. Pobzala, tikulimbikitsidwa kugwiritsa ntchito zidebe za pulasitiki zokhala ndi 1 litre, yomwe ½ gawo liyenera kudzazidwa ndi dimba lamunda. Bzalani mbeu payekhapayekha, ndikukulitsa 20-30 mm okha. Zikatere kuti mbewuzo zichepetsedwa, mbande zoyambirira ziziwonekera patatha masiku atatu kapena anayi. Ngati peel yomata, yomwe ili pamwamba pamasamba a cotyledonary, siyidzilekanitsa yokha, imafunika kuthandizidwa ndikugwiritsa ntchito ma tweezers pazomwezi. Kupanda kutero, kuvunda kumamera.
Mbande
Mmera womwe wabwera ukukula ukukula kwambiri. Poyamba, mphukirayo amatambasulidwa, kenako tsamba loyambirira limapangidwa, ndipo inali panthawiyi kuti mbande zimafunika kukonzedwanso m'malo abwino, owala, pomwe ziyenera kudziwika kuti kutentha kumeneko sikuyenera kutsikira pansi madigiri 15. Duwa likamakula, muyenera kuwonjezera dothi pang'onopang'ono ndikuchichita mpaka litadzaza. Zikakhala kuti mbewuyo ikukula mwachangu, ndiye kuti iyenera kusamutsidwira mumphika wokulirapo. Pofika nthawi yoti mbewu izitha kufesedwa panthaka, imatha kukhala ndi sentimita pafupifupi 100.
Kubzala castor panthaka
Nthawi yoti afike
Chomera cha mafuta cha Castor chimasiyana chifukwa chakuti chimakhala chosapindulitsa kwenikweni komanso chosakwanira kukukula. Ngati mukufuna kuti ikule msanga ndikukhala ndi mawonekedwe owoneka bwino, ndiye chifukwa chodzala muyenera kusankha malo ofunda, opingidwa bwino ndi dothi lonyowa, okhala ndi michere. Zomera zimamva bwino pa chernozem. Zingatheke kubzala mbande panthaka pokhapokha patatha nthawi yobwerera yomwe yatha, ndipo nthawi ino, monga lamulo, igwera masiku omaliza a Meyi kapena masiku oyamba - June.
Momwe mungabzalire
Asanayambe kubzala, mbande ziyenera kuthiriridwa madzi ambiri. Kenako tchire, pamodzi ndi dothi lapansi, zimasunthidwa mosamala mumayenje okonzedwa, omwe amaphimbidwa ndi dothi losavuta dimba ndikuumbika bwino. Pambuyo pa izi, mafuta a castor ayenera kuthiriridwa bwino.
Kubzala mbewu za mafuta a castor m'nthaka kumachitika m'masiku oyamba a Meyi, pomwe kuli kofunikira kuti zisabowole kwambiri ndikuyika mu mbewu ziwiri kapena zitatu.
Yang'anani! Mbewu za mbewuyi zimadziwika ndi zambiri zapoizoni. Chifukwa chake, mlingo woyipa wa mwana ndi mbewu 6, ndipo wamkulu - 20 mbewu. Mukugwira ntchito ndi mafuta a castor, akatswiri amalangizidwa kuvala magolovesi.
Kusamalira Mafuta a Castor
Mafuta a Castor omwe adabzala panthaka amakula msanga, ndipo nthawi yomweyo, palibe zoyeserera zapadera kuchokera kwa wosamalira mundawo. Chachikulu ndikukumbukira kuti duwa lotere limafunikira kuthirira mwadongosolo. Chifukwa chake, masiku onse asanu pansi pa chitsamba muyenera kuthira madzi. Udzu umangofunika chomera chokhacho, ndipo akadzakula, udzu suwasokoneza. Inflorescences isanayambe kupanga, tikulimbikitsidwa kudyetsa mbewuyo ndi feteleza wokhala ndi nayitrogeni.
Matenda ndi tizirombo
Zomera zoterezi zimatha kugonjetsedwa ndi tizilombo komanso matenda oyipa. Ngati munabzyala njere panthaka, ndiye kuti mbeu zing'onozing'ono zitha kuwononga mapesi abodza, ma waya, mbozi za njenjete, zozizira nthawi yachisanu, ndi chinsalu cha mchenga chitha kukhazikikanso. P maluwa, zipatso zazing'ono zimatha kuwononga nkhumba. Chotsani njanji sizovuta. Zikakhala kuti kuli mbozi zochepa, ndiye kuti zimatha kuchotsedwa pamanja, ngati pali zochuluka, ndiye kuti kulowetsedwa kwa chowawa kudzapulumutsa. Kuti mupange, muyenera kudzaza chidebe 1/3 mbali ndi chowawa, kenako kuthira madzi ambiri kuti adzalitse. The kulowetsedwa adzakhala okonzeka m'masiku atatu, ayenera kusefera ndipo mutha kuyamba kukonza tchire. Zotsatira zake kuti pafupi ndi maluwawo kufesa zokometsera zokometsera (mwachitsanzo: katsabola, koriamu, adyo, parsley, timbewu kapena anyezi), ndiye mbozizo zimadzawadutsa. Ndikovuta kwambiri kuchotsa waya wam'mimba ndi rosemary, choncho ndikofunikira kutengera njira zodzitetezera mbewu isanatenge kachilombo. Kuti izi, nthawi yobzala, dzenje lililonse lizikhetsedwa popanda yankho lamphamvu kwambiri la potaziyamu permanganate.
Nyemba za Castor zimatha kudwala ndi pinki, imvi kapena zowola zakuda, cercosporosis, vuto lakachedwa, bacteriosis, phyllosticosis, powdery mildew ndi matenda ena oyamba ndi fungus. Ndikulimbikitsidwa kuthira tchire la Bordeaux kapena njira zina zofananira.
Pambuyo maluwa
Kutolera mbewu
Zomwe mungaganize kuti muthe kutola mbewu kuchokera kwa inu misika, kenako nthawi yotentha, ikani chizindikiro kuti zitsamba zomwe zikuwoneka zokongola kwambiri, ndizathanzi komanso zamphamvu. M'masiku oyamba a Seputembala, zipatso zimayenera kudulidwa ndikukulungidwa kuti ziume mu chipinda chotsekemera bwino. Mabokosi ambewu amangoyala mu Novembala kapena Disembala. Ngati zipatsozo ziuma bwino, ndiye kuti ndi zopepuka ziyenera kubwunda kwathunthu, ndipo kwa iwo, mbeu ziwiri kapena zitatu zidzagwera, zomwe zimafanana ndi nyemba. Kumbukirani kuti kugwira ntchito ndi nyemba za castor ndi njere zake nthawi zonse kuyenera kukhala m'manja. Mbeu izi ziyenera kusungidwa pamalo pomwe ana kapena nyama sizingafikire. Amakhala opanda ntchito kwa zaka zinayi.
Mitundu ndi mitundu yamafuta a castor yamafuta okhala ndi zithunzi ndi mayina
Zakhala zikunenedwa pamwambapa kuti pali mtundu umodzi wokha wa mafuta a castor. Komabe, chifukwa cha ntchito ya obereketsa, mitundu yambiri yamaluwa yotereyi idawonekera.
Castor nyemba Zanzibar
Chomera chomwe chikukula mwachangu chaka chilichonse chimatha kutalika masentimita 200. Ali ndi ma inflorescence owoneka bwino kwambiri komanso ma masamba akuluakulu. M'minda imodzi imodzi, imawoneka ngati chomera chosowa kwambiri, mogwirizana ndi izi imabzalidwa, monga lamulo, ngati tapeworm. Masamba adapakidwa utoto wofiirira.
Castor nyemba Indian kapena Cambodian
Chitsamba chimafikira kutalika kwa mamita 1.2. Thunthu lake limakhala lakuda, ndipo masamba ake amdima kwambiri. Mukabzala zotere pafupi ndi mitundu ina yamafuta, chitsamba chimawoneka chochititsa chidwi kwambiri.
Gibson osiyanasiyana
Tchire limatha kutalika mamita 1.5, pomwe masamba ake ali ndi sheen wachitsulo. Mitundu iyi idasokoneza mitundu ndi mitundu yokhala ndi ma masamba ofiira ofiira.
Mtengo wa nyemba za Coror
Kutalika kwa tchire kumatha kufika mamita atatu. Thunthu lonyowa lili ndi mtundu wofiira. Makulu akulu a masamba obiriwira ndi gloss.
Otsala aku Russia adakwanitsa kupanga mitundu yokongoletsera, yomwe idatchuka kwambiri, ndipo imatchedwa Cossack. Chitsamba chimafika kutalika kwa masentimita 200, chimakhala ndi thunthu lofiirira lofiirira, komanso masamba obiriwira achikulire obiriwira okhala ndi mitsempha yofiyira. Masamba achichepere ndi ofiira ofiirira ndipo amakhala ndi madontho oyera m'mphepete mwa mano. Maluwa ofiira ofiira amakhala ndi mthunzi wamdima wakuda. Zipatso zimatha kukhala zofiirira, zofiirira kapena carmine.
Zopindulitsa ndi zovulaza za mafuta a castor
Ngakhale kuti mafuta a castor ali ndi poizoni ndipo ali ndi poiz yambiri yambiri, ndiwothandiza kwambiri kwa anthu, chifukwa mafuta ofunikira amachotsedwamo. Zomera za mafuta a Castor zimadzalanso pamalonda kuti apange mafuta awa. Kuphatikizika kwa mafuta kumeneku kumakhala ndi glyceride yopanda, leic, stearic, linoleic acid ndi glycerin, komanso michere yaying'ono yama micro ndi iron, calcium, calcium ndi potaziyamu. Mafuta a Castor (mafuta a castor) opangidwa pamaziko a mafuta omwe amachokera ku mbewu za mafuta a castor amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mankhwala othandizira othandizira matenda a enteritis, kudzimbidwa, colitis ndi matenda ena am'matumbo ogwirizana ndi kutupa. Amagwiritsidwanso ntchito kunja chifukwa cha zilonda, mabala, zilonda, zilonda, ma warts ndi chimfine. Mafutawa amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza mitsempha ya varicose ndi zotupa za m'mimba. Ndipo imagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati madontho mukutupa kwa maso komanso pochiza matenda amisala. Mutha kugula mafuta oterewa m'mabotolo kapena m'mabotolo ang'onoang'ono agalasi lakuda. Ikasungidwa mufiriji, imatha kusunga zinthu zothandiza kwa zaka zingapo, pomwe mafuta amayenera kukhala m'botolo lagalasi lamtambo wakuda, lomwe limaletsa mwamphamvu.
Zomerazi zimagwiritsidwanso ntchito pochiza endometriosis. Kuti muchite izi, muyenera kutenga magalamu 10 a masamba atsopano, kuwadula bwino ndikuphatikiza ndi 200 ml ya madzi ophika kumene. Wiritsani chifukwa chosakaniza kwa mphindi 15 mpaka 20. pa moto pang'ono. Kenako osakaniza adzafunika kupukutidwa kwa maola angapo, pambuyo pake ayenera kusefedwa. Imwani kulowetsedwa kwa supuni imodzi yayikulu katatu kugogoda kwa masiku 14.
Kuthana ndi matenda a bronchitis kapena chimfine, amagwiritsa ntchito tepid castor. Iyenera kuzikikiridwa kangapo kugogoda pachifuwa cha wodwalayo, pambuyo pake munthuyo atakutidwa bwino. Tsiku lililonse, ma castor amayenera kutikiridwa kumadera ovuta ndi ma warts, kuwotcha, mabala, zotupa kapena mitsempha ya varicose. Pakakhala kutupa m'maso, 1 kapena 2 madontho a mafuta a castor amayenera kuponyedwa m'maso asanagone kwa masiku atatu.
Castor wapezanso ntchito zambiri mu cosmetology. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochapa khungu pamutu ndi tsitsi, kuchotsa mawanga azaka, kuchotsa makwinya ndi zina zopanda pake za khungu. Ndipo mothandizidwa ndi mafuta oterewa amalimbana ndi chimanga ndi chimanga.
Maphikidwe angapo otchuka
- Kulimbitsa chilimbikitso. Viyikani bulashi mu castor ndikuyiyala pamwamba pa cilia, kwinaku mukutulutsa zinthuzo m'maso. Patatha mphindi 30 chotsani mafuta osasokoneza m'makope ndi chopukutira. Kuti mupeze zotsatira zowoneka, ndikofunikira kuchita njirayi tsiku lililonse kwa mwezi umodzi.
- Khungu labvuta. Nthaka khungu lanu pankhope ndikuyambitsa chofunda. Pambuyo pa mphindi 60-90 Pukutani nkhope yanu ndi thaulo la pepala ndikumutsuka ndi madzi ozizira.
- Kuchepetsa tsitsi. Mu chidebe chaching'ono, phatikizani ndimu yatsopano yosenda bwino, mafuta a castor ndi mowa womwe umatengedwa muyezo wa 1: 1: 1. Zomwe zimapangidwira asanagone ziyenera kuzilitsidwa pakhungu pamutu. M'mawa, amafunika kutsukidwa ndi madzi ochulukirapo.
- Dandruff Phatikizani castor ndi tincture wa calendula mu 1: 1. Kenako osakaniza amayenera kupaka pakhungu lakumutu. Patatha mphindi 30 muyenera kutsuka tsitsi lanu.
Ndalama zopangidwa ndi mafuta a castor zimakhala ndi zotsutsana. Sizingagwiritsidwe ntchito ndi amayi apakati komanso oyamwitsa, omwe achulukitsa matenda osachiritsika (ngakhale kudzimbidwa), matumbo ndi magazi a chiberekero, ndi tsankho la munthu payekha, ndi matumbo kutsekeka kwa chikhalidwe chamakina. Akatswiri salimbikitsa kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa kuchiza ana osakwana zaka 12.
