Akatswiri amati mbewu iyi imachokera ku banja loyamwa, lomwe limaphatikizanso nyanja ya buckthorn, goof siliva ndi Mbusa. East Asia imadziwika kuti ndi dziko la multiflora.Kupezeka ku Japan, China, Korea, ndi mayiko a Central Asia. Achijapani adabweretsa goof multiflorous ku Sakhalin kumapeto kwa m'ma 19 - koyambirira kwa zaka za m'ma 1900. Panthawi ina (40s ya zaka zapitazi), chitsamba ichi chidatengedwa ndi kuyang'aniridwa ndi ogwira ntchito zasayansi pachipatala choyesera zochitika ku Sakhalin, ndipo ku Sakhalin Sayansi Yofufuza Institute of Ezolimo chokhacho chimapangidwa ku Russia, chodziwika ndi mitundu yambiri yamtunduwu. Pakadali pano, sucker wokhala ndi maluwa ambiri wayamba kulima bwino ndi amisitala amtunda ku Moscow Region, Krasnodar Territory, Chelyabinsk, Vladimir ndi Novgorod Region, Birobidzhan, Altai ndi Primorsky Republic, ku Baltic States ndi Ukraine - kulikonse.
Tiyenera kudziwa kuti kufalitsa mbewuyi m'maderawa ndi kofunika kwambiri, sikuti mitundu yonse ya mabungwe ofufuza zaulimi, omwe ndi, olima minda omwe amakhala ndi chidwi chambiri kulima mbewu zatsopano, zomwe nthawi zina zimakhala m'minda yawo. Ndi iwo omwe amatenga ufulu ndi chisamaliro chakuzindikira magrotechnics aulimi wawo, ndikusinthasintha ndi nyengo yanthawi yayitali komanso dothi losiyanasiyana, kuti pambuyo pake alangize ena onsewo kuti azilima munjira zoyenera kwambiri zolima. Chifukwa chake, amatilangiza pankhani iyi kuti tisakulitse mtundu wina wa tsekwe, atangomaliza kumene kuti maofesi ali ophatikizika - izi ndiye, m'malingaliro awo, a Len weniweni.
Tchire la loch ndi multiflorous. © DalgialUbwino wa Pam.
Zipatso zake zimakhala ndi zinthu zambiri zofunikira zomwe sizimangomangiriza thupi la munthu, komanso zimachepetsa ukalamba wake. Malinga ndi asayansi, zipatso za Pam ndizapadera chifukwa zimakhala ndi mitundu isanu ndi iwiri ya amino acid kwa anthu. Ku Japan, zipatsozi zimakhala zamtengo wapatali kwambiri ndipo zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri kukonza mtima ndi mtima. Koma cholinga chawo chachikulu ndi chowonjezera cha vitamini-mineral, makamaka cholimbikitsidwa kwa anthu ochepa achi Japan ndipo makamaka amawakonda. Akatswiri athu ambiri akukhulupirira kuti Ank mdziko lathu sanalandirebe zokwanira, momwe ziyenera kukhalira, koma iyi ndi nkhani yanthawi: m'malo ovuta azachilengedwe, anthu adzafunika kugula zinthu zachilengedwe komanso zotetezeka za mavitamini, zomwe pakuthawidwa zingapezeke. kugwiritsa ntchito zipatso, masamba, zimayambira ndipo ngakhale mizu ya mbewu iyi.
Zipatso za Ank, woyamwa multiflorum. © Zojambula 
Zipatso za Ank, woyamwa multiflorum. © Ishikawa Ken Gumi, kapena woyamwa wamitundu yambiri, amatha kumangiriza zipatso chifukwa chodzipukusa, komabe, zimadziwika kuti zipatso zake zimakhala zapamwamba ngati mbewu zingapo zotere zili pafupi. Gumi ndiwokongoletsa kwambiri nthawi yamaluwa, maluwa ake amatalikirana, belu lopangidwa mwaluso ndi fungo lapadera komanso losangalatsa lomwe limakopa njuchi. Zipatso ndizofiyira zowala, zophimbidwa ndi madontho asiliva. Ndiosavuta kusonkhana, popeza amamangiriridwa ndi mphukira ndi mapesi ataliitali. Monga lamulo, mawonekedwe a chipatsocho ndi cylindrical mpaka 2 cm kutalika ndi pafupifupi 1 cm, okhala ndi zamkati zamdima zakuda ndi fupa mkati. Zipatso za Gumi zimatha kudyedwa mwatsopano (monga mchere), wowundana komanso wokongoletsedwa ndi mbale m'nyengo yozizira, komanso zouma ndikugwiritsidwa ntchito mu decoctions kapena infusions. Mutha kupanga zinthu zambiri zothilira pakamwa kuchokera ku zipatso za sucker yosanja-yayikulu - izi ndizosungika, zipatso zowoneka bwino, zonunkhira bwino, timadziti tambiri, ndipo ndizofunikira kwa owonda a winemaking, olimba komanso osangalatsa kulawa vin.
Kubzala, kubereka ndi kusamalira.
Ena amaganiza kuti Mina ndi chomera chosasinthika poyerekeza ndi kuzizira kwa nyengo yozizira komanso kuthekera kwake kubereka. Ena amakhulupirira kuti ndibwino kubisa mbewuyi kuti isazizidwe nthawi yozizira, makamaka zaka zoyambirira za kukula. Gumi "amachoka" nyengo yozizira ya Meyi, yomwe imapezeka kumadera ambiri aku Russia, chifukwa imangophuka pakati pa mwezi wa June ndipo imamasula kwa mwezi umodzi. Maluwa ake amatha kukhala oyera, a siliva-achikasu kapena kirimu. Mukayala mbewu padzuwa kapena pansi pa mitengo yambande, imabala zipatso pachaka, koma zokolola ndizambiri, zimacheperachepera.
Nthambi ya goof multiflorum ndi zipatso. © AbrahamiChidziwitso chotsutsana chimaperekedwanso pakufalikira kwa Pam: ena amawona kuti ndibwino kufalitsa ndi mbewu, ndikuyika pachiwopsezo cha kutaya kwa zomwe adapeza kale ndi chomera, pomwe ena amalimbikitsa kubereka mwa kubereka. Enanso amagula mbande, monga amanenera - popanda mavuto, ku nazale, komabe, pangozi yogula chinthu chosayenera kuchokera ku banja lonse losiyanayo. Wachinayi amafotokoza zinsinsi zawo za kufalitsa kwa Pam ndi zodula. Zikuwoneka kuti wamaluwa amateur, ngati angakonde ndi chidwi, akhale ndi njira zokwanira zoyesera.
Kufalitsa mbewu
Kufalitsa mbewu za Pam sikovuta, monga momwe amalimi amateur amanenera. Popewa kuwonongeka, amalimbikitsa kufesa mbewu pang'onopang'ono, komwe amakonzekera zachilengedwe ndipo nthawi yamasika imaphuka. Pali ndemanga za owotcha ena pamalimidwe oyipa a mbewu za Pam.
Kudula
Kufalikira ndi kudula vomerezani kubiriwira, kudula iwo masentimita 7-10 kuchokera kumapeto kwa chaka chamawa. Mapepala awiri apamwamba amadulidwa pakati. Kudula ndi chidendene kumazika mizu bwino. Ndikofunika kuchitira zodulidwa ndi zokupatsani mphamvu (heteroauxin, naphthylacetic acid, ndi zina). Zidula zimayikidwa bwino mumchenga wowuma pansi pa kanema ndikusamalidwa bwino kwa miyezi 1.5 mpaka 2. Pankhaniyi, pakhale kuwala kokwanira, koma kuwala kwa dzuwa sikuyenera kugwera pa odulidwa.
Kubalana mwa masanjidwe.
Pachitsamba cha Pam, nthambi zimasankhidwa zomwe zimatsikira pansi kwambiri. Pansi pa pulani yomwe yakonzedwerayo, chosanjikiza cha humus chimathiriridwa mpaka masentimita 5. Ndi mpeni wakuthwa, kudula khungwa kumapangidwa pa nthambi, kenako nkuthiridwa ndi Kornevin. Nthambi imapanikizidwa m'malo angapo okhala ndi ma waya ndipo adakutidwa ndi dothi. Panthambi yodandaula, mutha kuidinda ndi mtundu wina mpaka itakhazikika pansi mwamphamvu. Kuti mudziwe bwino, dothi liyenera kukhala lonyowa nthawi yonse yophukira. Ntchito imeneyi imachitika mukakolola. Chaka chotsatira, kumapeto kwa Meyi - kuyambira mwezi wa June, matayala amachotsedwa mosamala m'mapulogalamu, amakumbidwa ndipo kupezeka kwa mizu kumayendera. Zigawo zimadulidwa kuthengo ndi ma secateurs ndikugawa mbande. Ngakhale mizu idapangidwa pa iwo, mbande zimalimbikitsidwa kuti zibzalidwe mumipeto (mpaka miphika) mpaka zitsulo ndizodzaza ndi mizu. Zomera ziyenera kumetedwa.
Tchire la goof multiflora nthawi yamaluwa. © KENPEIKutenga ndi kusamalira
Nthaka ya Kana imafunika kusalowerera, mmera sakonda acidity owonjezera. Kubzala ndibwino kuchitira koyambirira kwa nthawi yamasika kapena kugwa mochedwa, nthaka ikanyowa. Ndikofunika kuti mupange mtunda pakati pa tchire 2-3, ndipo ikamatera imayamba mpaka theka la mita. Dothi losakanikirana ndi kompositi, humus ndi mchenga ziyenera kuyalowetsedwa m'dzenjemo, ndipo ngalandezi zizipangidwa ndi miyala kapena zinthu zina pansi. Ndikofunika kuwonjezera mpaka 30 g wa feteleza wa nayitrogeni, 200 g wa superphosphate ndi 700 g phulusa la nkhuni. Ndi chisamaliro chowonjezereka cha Mina, kuvala pamwamba ndikofunikanso.
Tikukumbutsani kuti ngakhale alimi ena amaganiza kuti chamera ndi chomera chosalemera, kuphatikiza omwe samawopa nyengo yozizira, ayenera kubzala mbewuzi nthawi yachisanu, monga timachitira ndi maluwa ndi mphesa, makamaka zaka zoyambirira za chitukuko chawo. Zomera zimayamba kubala zipatso m'mawa. Pazaka zisanu, chitsamba chimatha kubereka mpaka 4 makilogalamu zipatso, ndipo pakapita nthawi, pogwiritsa ntchito teknoloji yoyenera yaulimi, zipatso zake zimatha kukula mpaka 30 kg. Tchire silifuna kukonzanso kwakukulu, kubala chipatso malo amodzi mpaka zaka 25.
Monga mukuwonera, a Pam ali woyenera kusamalira wamaluwa chifukwa cha zomwe zidatchulidwa pamwambapa. Tikufuna kuti mupambane kudziwa bwino chikhalidwe ichi munyumba zanu zamalimwe!
