Nemesia (Nemesia) ndi nthumwi ya banja la anthu aku Norian. Mitundu iyi imayimiriridwa ndi zitsamba ndi zophuka, komanso masamba osatha a herbaceous. Zimagwirizanitsa mitundu pafupifupi 50, pomwe zambiri zimapezeka ku South Africa, zomerazi zimakonda kumera m'malo a m'mphepete mwa mitengo komanso zitsamba. Duwa ili adatchedwa Nemesis - mulungu wachi Greek wachi Greek.
Mawonekedwe a Nemesia
Kutalika kwa chitsamba cha nemesia kumatha kukhala kosiyana ndi 0,3 mpaka 0,6 m. Pamaso pa mphukira zamatumbidwe amtanda nthawi zina pamakhala nthawi zina. Popita nthawi, zimayambira chifukwa cha inflorescence yochulukirapo komanso masamba okonzedwa mwamakhalidwe a tsamba lanceolate kapena mawonekedwe amizere ndi m'malire. Pali maluwa ambiri a axillary, omwe amatha kukhala osakwatiwa kapena kukhala gawo la inflorescence yapical. Kuphatikizika kwa maluwa kumaphatikizapo mkombero wa tubular wokhala ndi miyendo yamtundu wopangika ndi milomo: m'munsi mwa dicotyledonous, ndi chapamwamba - zinayi. Maluwa amatha kujambulidwa m'mitundu yosiyanasiyana. Chipatsocho ndi bokosi mkati mwake momwe muli mbewu zakuda zambiri zokhala ndi mawonekedwe, zomwe zimakhala ndi mbande zoyera. Mbewu izi zimatha kugwira ntchito kwa zaka ziwiri.
Mitundu ya nemesia yomwe imalimidwa ndi wamaluwa zonse ndizachaka komanso zosatha, koma pakati patali izi zimadzalidwa ngati chaka chilichonse.
Kukula nemesia kuchokera ku mbewu
Kufesa mbande
Nemesia ikhoza kufalitsidwa ndi njira yofesedwa, komanso yamasamba: kugawa chitsamba ndi kudulidwa. Mukagawa chitsamba, mizu yake yayitali nthawi zambiri imavulala kwambiri, chifukwa chake, Delenki imazika mizu. Olimi odziwa zamaluwa amalimbikitsa kufalitsa mbewu zotere ndi mbewu, kapena m'malo mwake, kukula kudzera mu mbande.
Mbewu zitha kugulidwa ku malo ogulitsira kapena kutolera palokha. Kwa mbande zofesedwa m'masiku omaliza a Marichi. Chifukwa cha izi, zitsulo za mbande zimagwiritsidwa ntchito, zomwe zimadzazidwa ndi dothi losungunuka lomwe limapangidwa kuti likhale maluwa, mchenga wothira peat ungagwiritsidwenso ntchito. Chipale chofewa chimayikidwa pamwamba pa gawo, pomwe mbewu zimafesedwa. Chowonadi ndi chakuti ndi ochepa kwambiri komanso ali ndi mtundu wakuda, kotero pazithunzi zoyera ndizosavuta kugawa wogawana. Chotetezachi chikuyenera kuvekedwa ndi kanema kapena galasi ndikuchotsa pamalo abwino, ofunda (pafupifupi madigiri 20). Musaiwale kuyendetsa mbewu tsiku lililonse. Mbande zoyambirira zimatha kuwoneka patatha milungu 1.5-2.
Kukula mbande
Mbewu zikayamba kuonekera kwambiri, pobisalira zimachoka, ndipo chidebecho chidzafunika kusunthidwa kumalo owala, koma nthawi yomweyo kuyatsa kosiyanako, pa nthawi imeneyi mbewu zimafunikira kuzizira kuchokera madigiri 8 mpaka 10. Ngati zonse zachitika molondola, ndizotheka kupewa kufalikira mbande. Patatha masiku 7 kuchokera kuti mbande zizioneka, zimafunikira kudyetsedwa ndikuthilira ndi yofoka yankho la zovuta feteleza. Thirirani mbewuyo nthawi zonse ndipo musaiwale kumasula pang'ono pang'onopang'ono gawo la gawo lapansi nthawi ndi nthawi. Pakatha masiku 20-30 kuchokera nthawi yofesa, pomwe masamba 2 kapena 3 amayamba kupanga mbewuzo, adzafunika kuti azikola mumiphika kapena makapu amodzi, pomwe mbande zimapangidwanso m'malo mwake ndi kutentha kwa madigiri 13. Nthaka yomwe ili m'mikapu siyenera kupukuta. Kubzala mbande kumayambira theka la mwezi musanaziike ndikutulutsa panja.
Kukula nemesia kunyumba
Monga lamulo, m malo mu chipinda chokhacho mbande za nemesia zokha. Kenako ibzalidwe panthaka, ndipo ngati mungafune, muli ndi maluwa amatha kusunthira khonde kapena pakhonde. Kodi ndingakongoletse bwanji veranda, khonde kapena thaulo ndi Nemesia? Zikakhala kuti simukakonza zoti mubzale mbewu pamalo otseguka, mutha kubzala mbewu mu February. Bzalani mbeu ndikusamalira mbewuzo ziyenera kukhala zofanana ndendende ndikamera mbande. Komabe, mkati mwa madzi, miphika yamaluwa kapena zotengera zimagwiritsidwa ntchito m'malo mwa magalasi. Ikatentha kunja, nemesia imasamutsidwira ku veranda, khonde kapena mtunda.
Tikukula Nemesia panja
Nthawi yoti afike
Kuthira mbande dothi lotseguka kumachitika pokhapokha ngati palibe choopsa cha chisanu chamadzulo, ndipo dothi lidzafunda bwino. Monga lamulo, nthawi ino imagwera masiku omaliza a Meyi kapena woyamba - June. Podzala, muyenera kusankha malo abwino, opepuka komanso otseguka. Dothi liyenera kukhala lonyowa, lopukutidwa bwino, lopanda acidic kapena losalowerera. Ponena za chonde, nthaka iyenera kukhala yapakatikati. Chomera ichi chitha kulimidwa pang'ono penumbra.
Zowongolera
Musanayambe kubzala mbande panthaka, muyenera kukonzekera mabowo. Kukula kwake kuyenera kukhala kotero kuti zonse zomwe zili mumphika (zonse zadothi ndi mizu) zigwirizane ndi iwo popanda mavuto. Mtunda wa 0.2-0.3 m uyenera kuyang'aniridwa pakati pa tchire, chifukwa amatha kugwera pang'ono. Zomera zikabzalidwa ndipo mabowo atatsekedwa, malowa amafunika kuthiriridwa bwino. Madzi atalowa mu dothi, nthaka yake idzafunika yokutidwa ndi mulch, izi zitha kuteteza nthaka kuti isayime kwambiri nthawi yomweyo. Maluwa a chomera chotere amatha kuwoneka m'masiku otsiriza a June, kapena oyamba - mu Julayi.
Kusamalira Nemesia
Palibe chovuta pankhani yosamalira nemesia. Kupangitsa tchire kukhala lopepuka, muyenera kutsina pamwamba pamitu yawo. Panyengo yonseyi, mbewuyo imayenera kuthirira nthawi yake, makamaka nthawi yopuma, komanso kudula mosadukiza dothi mozungulira tchire.
Nyengo, nemesia adzafunika kudyetsedwa kawiri kapena katatu, chifukwa cha izi amagwiritsa ntchito feteleza wama mineral, Kemira-Lux. Komanso chomerachi chimayankha bwino feteleza ndi feteleza wachilengedwe.
Tizilombo ndi matenda
Popeza chomera choterocho chimakhala chachilendo, chimakonda kukhudzidwa ndi matenda oyamba ndi fungus. Pofuna kuteteza matenda a nemesis, kuthirira pang'ono kuyenera kuperekedwa, pomwe kumtunda kuyenera kuzimiririka. Vuto lodwala liyenera kuthiridwa ndi yankho la kukonzekera kwa fungicidal.
Ma kangaude omwe amayamwa madzi a chomera mu chitsamba amatha kukhazikika pamtengowo. Mutha kudziwa kuti mbewu imayambukiridwa ndi kukhalapo kwa tsamba loonda komanso lomata kwambiri pamtunduwo, komanso pouma ndi masamba akumafa. Ngati mungazindikire zoyamba kuwonongeka kuthengo, ndiye kuti muthirale pomwepo ndi dothi lozungulira mozungulira ndi yankho la Actellik, Fitoverm, Akarin kapena Karate, mutha kugwiritsanso ntchito ma acaricides ena.
Pambuyo maluwa
Mphepo yamaluwa yoyamba ikamaliza, ndikofunikira kudula malekezero a zimayambira, ndikufalikira kwa inflorescence yomwe ili pa iwo. Ndipo ngati mungasamalire bwino nemesis, posachedwa mphukira zatsopano zimamera kuchokera pamtundu wa sinuses, zomwe zimaphukanso.
Mitundu ndi mitundu ya nemesia yokhala ndi zithunzi ndi mayina
Mwa mitundu yambiri ya nemesia, pali ena omwe ndi abwino kukongoletsa makonde, ndipo pali ena omwe amayenera kukhala okulirapo panthaka. Odziwika kwambiri pakati pa olima ndi mitundu ndi mitundu yomwe ikufotokozedwa pansipa.
Fluffy Nemesia (Nemesia floribunda)
Kutalika kwa tchire kuli pafupifupi 0.4 m.P nsonga za thunthu ndi maluwa ang'onoang'ono opepuka amtambo wabuluu. Mtunduwu sunatchuke kwambiri pa ulimi wa maluwa, koma chaka chilichonse umatha kupezeka m'minda nthawi zambiri.
Mulesia wa mitundu yosiyanasiyana (Nemesia versicolor)
Chaka chino ndi mtundu waku South Africa. Mphukira zowonda, zophukira kwambiri zimatha kutalika kwa 0,25 mamita.Maluwa ndi ochepa. Chifukwa cha mbewu iyi, ambiri mwa ma hybrids adabadwa. Mitundu yotchuka kwambiri:
- Mbalame yamtambo. Utoto wa maluwawo ndi wabuluu kwambiri, ndipo pamilomo pali malo oyera kapena achikaso.
- Edelblau. Mtundu wa maluwa ndi wofanana ndi kuyiwala ine.
Goiter nemesia (Nemesia strumosa)
Kutalika kwa mtengo wophuka kwambiri pachakawu kumasiyana kuchokera pa 0,35 mpaka 0,4 masamba. Masamba a masamba apamwamba ali ndi mzere, ndipo otsika pang'ono amakhala ovunda. Maonekedwe a maluwawo sasintha, amatupa, alibe ma spurs ndipo amakhala ndi pharynx yotalika mpaka 2,5. Amatha kujambulidwa ndi pinki, chikasu, ofiira kapena lalanje, mitundu yokhala ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana yopezeka. Kupangidwa kuyambira 1892. Mitundu yotchuka kwambiri:
- Aurora. Kutalika kwa tchire ndi pafupifupi mamitala 0.3. Maluwa akulu amakhala ndi utoto wofiirira.
- Zotsatira. Utoto wa maluwa achikasu ndi zonona.
- Sparklerndi Maluwa ndi awiri kapena atatu.
- Mfumu yamoto. Chitsamba chimafika kutalika kwa 0,3 m, ndipo chimakongoletsedwa ndi maluwa ofiira owala ngati moto.
- Nashinel Ensin. Mtundu wotchuka kwambiri uli ndi maluwa oyera ofiira.
Zophatikiza ndi Nemesia (Nemesia hybrida)
Mtunduwu umaphatikizapo ma hybrids onse omwe amapezeka podutsa nemesia wamitundu yosiyanasiyana ndi nemesia yooneka ngati goiter. Nthawi zambiri, kutalika kwa mbewu zapachaka kumeneku sikupita mamilimita 0.3-0.6. Pamakhala m'mphepete mwa tawuni, pamakhala masamba. Maluwa akulu (awiri pafupifupi mamilimita 20) osakhala ndi maluwa okhala ndi milomo iwiri ndi gawo limodzi la mabulashi apex. Mtunduwu m'masitolo apadera ungagulidwe, monga lamulo, muzosakanikirana zamitundu mitundu, pomwe kusiyana kwawo kwakukulu ndikutalika kwa tchire:
- Kupambana. Kutalika kwa tchire kuli pafupifupi 0.15 m, maluwa amapentedwa mosiyanasiyana.
- Carnival. Ma basi kutalika kufika 0,18-0.2 m, mtundu wa inflorescences ndi wosiyanasiyana.
Mutha kugulanso zamtundu uliwonse, zomwe zotchuka kwambiri ndi:
- Malaya a mfumu (Kadinala). Chomera chamaluwa chokongoletsera chimakhala chokongoletsedwa ndi maluwa okhala ndi spurs zazitali, zojambulidwa ndi utoto wakuya wamtambo. Gawo lapakati pa corolla ndi loyera, ndipo chingwe cha buluu chimayenda m'mphepete mwa miyala.
- Tumbelin. Izi ndizatsopano. Ma belu okhala ndi kutalika kwa 0,15 mpaka 0.2 m ali okongoletsedwa ndi maluwa a buluu-lavender, omwe mulifupi mwake ndi 30 mm.
Sansatia (ampelous nemesia) ndi wosakanizidwa wopanga patatu. Adabadwa mchaka cha 2009 chifukwa cha obereketsa aku Germany omwe adadutsa mitundu ya Nemesia yapachaka komanso yosatha. Pakadali pano pali mitundu 8 yokha ya ampel. Mtundu wawo ndi wofanana ndi zipatso zosowa, zomwe zidapangitsa kusankha mayina awo: Coconut, Blackberry, Pineapple, Cranberry, Ndimu, Peach, Banana ndi Mango. Pakadali pano, mitundu yokha ndi yamitundu yambiri: Coconut, Chinanazi, Ndimu, Banana ndi Cranberry, mitundu ina ili ndi milozo zowongoka.
