Kubzala ndi Alstroemeria kutchire Kukula kwa njere za mbande Chithunzi cha maluwa

Alstroemeria kapena alstroemeria (Latin Alstroemeria) ndi mbewu ya herbaceous yaku South America yotchedwa Rhstomemous-tuberous herbaceous ya banja la Alstroemeria. Fine Alstroemeria amatchedwanso Inca Lily kapena Peruvia Lily. M'mawonekedwe, imafanana ndi maluwa amaluwa ndi kutuwa. Mapulogalamu a alstroemeria ndi okhazikika, nthambi. Kutengera ndi mitundu, kutalika kwa mbewu kumasiyana pakati pa 0.5-2 m. Masamba ndi opendekeka, m'mphepete mwake, osanjidwa mosiyanasiyana, amadziwika ndi kupulumuka.

Maluwa a Alstroemeria ndi okongola modabwitsa, owala. Mawonekedwe a inflorescence mu botany amatchedwa zygomorph. Corollas yokhala ndi mulifupi mwake mpaka 5 masentimita, ophatikizidwa maambulela inflorescence a 10-25 zidutswa. Maluwa alibe fungo labwino (mbali yabwino ya omwe ali ndi vuto losowa mafuta komanso anthu omwe sangathe kulekerera mafungo olimba), koma ali ndi mitundu yowala kwambiri. Mthunzi wa pamiyala ikhoza kukhala yachikasu, yapinki, yofiyira, yoyera ngati chipale, pali maphokoso ndi mawanga pa iwo.

Maluwa okongola kwambiri ndi otchuka kwambiri m'maluwa (pazifukwa izi, alstroemeria imadzalidwa pamsika wamafakitale), imapulumuka bwino m'malo otetezedwa, ndipo ndi chisamaliro choyenera imadzakhala chokongoletsera chamunda wonsewo pachilimwe chonse.

Pamene Alstroemeria Maluwa

Mukakula m'nyumba, Alstroemeria imakonda kusangalala maluwa kawiri pachaka.

Atabzala alstroemeria padera, maluwa oyamba amatha kuwonekera mu June June, osowa kumapeto kwa mwezi. Maluwa okongola kwambiri amakhala pafupifupi miyezi iwiri.

Kukula alstroemeria kwa mbewu

Chithunzi cha mbewu ya Alstroemeria

Kubzala

Kodi chomera chidzaphuka liti? Alstroemeria yomwe imadzalidwa ndi nthangala imakondwera kuphuka mchaka chake chachitatu cha kukula. Potseguka, mbewu zofesedwa mu Epulo-Meyi, chifukwa cha mbande - mu February-Marichi. Mukakulitsa mbande, mupezanso mbewu zabwino zambiri.

Momwe mungakulire mbande

Chithunzi cha mbande za Alstroemeria

Mbewu ziyenera kuyanjanitsa. Asungeni kutentha kwa 0-2 ° C kwa miyezi 1-2 (gawo lazamasamba la firiji ndilabwino).

• Pokukula mbande, muli ndi dothi lotayirira lidzafunika.
• Gwiritsani ntchito gawo lapansi pokulira mbande kapena dothi losakanikirana ndi magawo awiri a nthaka yamasamba ndi gawo limodzi la turf.
• Kuzama kwa mbewu ndikutalika kwa 1. cm. Bzalani nyemba, phulusa pamtunda kuchokera kumera omwazika bwino, kuphimba mbewuzo ndi galasi kapena filimu kuti apange kutentha.
• Perekani kuwala kozungulira ndi kutentha kwa mpweya pakati pa 18-22 ° C.

Kwezani malo pogona tsiku ndi tsiku kuti muchotse, ndipo pakubwera mphukira, chotsani pogona ponse ponse. Sungani chinyezi chokwanira m'nthaka. Pambuyo pakuwoneka masamba awiri enieni, abzalani m'mbale zosiyanasiyana.

Alstroemeria mmera kumuika poyera ikuchitika ndi kukhazikitsidwa kwa kutentha kwenikweni (nthawi imagwa pafupifupi pakati pa Meyi). Pangani mabowo molingana ndi kukula kwa mizu ya alstroemeria, ikani mbande ndi chotupa. Sungani pakati pa 20-25 masentimita pakati pa mbeu.

Momwe amabzala pansi

Alstroemeria amawombera chithunzi

Kubzala mbewu panthaka, kukumba chiwembu, kupanga mizere, kugawa mbewuzo, kuwabzala mozama mainchesi 1. Patani mbandezo, ndikusiyirani mtunda wa 20-25 masentimita pakati pa mbeu zanu.

Momwe mungafalitsire alstroemeria

Kufalitsa msuzi wa alstroemeria kumafuna kugawidwa kwa chitsamba. Yambani kugawa pomwe tchire limakula bwino. Sizikumveka kuyesa kuyitanitsa anthu ambiri kuchitsamba ngati kungatheke. Ndikwabwino kugawaniza m'magawo awiri a 2-3, omwe ali ndi mpweya wabwino komanso masamba ophukira.

Momwe mungagawire alstroemeria chitsamba chithunzi rhizome

Delenki yotere imayamba bwino kuzika mizu ndi kuphuka kale. Ndikwabwino kugawanitsa tchire nthawi ya maluwa pambuyo pa maluwa; mutha kuchitanso njirayi kumapeto kwa chirimwe kapena nyengo yotentha (kumapeto kwa gawo loyambirira la maluwa).

Sakani mosamala tchire, gawani magawo, gwiritsani ntchito malo omwe mabalawo ndi fungicide, ndi kubzala mwachangu. Pangani maenje okula oyenera, ikani ogawa pamenepo, mudzaze ndi dothi, madzi.

Kusankha malo okhalitsa

Mukamasankha malo oyandikana ndi alstroemeria, ndikofunikira kutsogoleredwa ndi zosowa za mbewu: kuwala kowala ndi nthaka yopanda thanzi. Ngati dothi latha, mu kugwa, pansi pokumba, kuwonjezera manyowa, kompositi, kapena manyowa owola. Kuti tithe kumasula, onjezani mchenga wouma. Osabzala m'malo otsika kapena malo osefukira - dampness imathandizira kukulitsa matenda.

Ngakhale kuunikira kwabwino ndi chimodzi mwazinthu zothandiza kulima bwino kwa alstroemeria, kufalikira kwa mizu kungasokoneze maluwa. Ngati dothi limawunda kupitirira 23 ° C, mbewuyo imayamba kukula kwambiri mizu. Ngati mukufuna kulimba chitsamba mwachangu, ndiye kuti chilipo. Kupanda kutero, mulching amathandiza kuteteza nthaka kuti isatenthe kwambiri. Monga mulch, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito peat, utuchi, nkhuni zamatabwa, udzu.

Chisamaliro chakunja cha Alstroemeria

Momwe mungasamalire alstroemeria potseguka

Momwe mungamwere

Alstroemeria imafunika kuthirira pafupipafupi, koma osalolera kuti nthaka ichotse madzi. Chomera chimakhala chokwanira ndi mvula yachilengedwe. Ponseponse, ndikokwanira kuthirira kamodzi pa sabata, ndikhale ndi chilala chachikulu, kuchitira madzi awiri m'masiku 7.

Mulching ndi kuvala

Kulowetsa dothi kumathandizira kuti nthaka ikhale chinyontho kwambiri.

Kuonetsetsa kuti maluwa akutuluka bwino, kuthira feteleza adzafunika. Mutha kugwiritsa ntchito feteleza kapena michere ya mchere (yankho la kulowetsedwa kwa mullein kapena zitosi za mbalame, kuchepetsedwa ndi madzi. Amanenedwe amatenga 1 mpaka 10, kumwa - 10 malita pa 1 m²). Manyowa katatu pamwezi. Ndi chiyambi cha kukula kwa nyengo ndi nthawi ya kuyala masamba, feteleza wa potashi amasankhidwa. Panthawi yamaluwa, yang'anani phosphorous, gawo la nayitrogeni liyenera kuchepetsedwa. Mukawonjezera organics, phulusa kapena phulusa lamatabwa limatha kusakaniza.

Kudulira mwaukhondo

Ngati simukonzekera kupitiriza kukolola, ndibwino kudula masamba okhawo nthawi yomweyo. Chifukwa chake m'malo mwawo atsopano amawonekera mwachangu.

Alstroemeria nthawi yachisanu

Alstroemeria amafunika pogona nthawi yozizira. Isanayambike nyengo yozizira, mphukira zimadulidwa kutalika kwa 10 cm pamwamba pamtunda. Kenako mulch kubzala ndi zinthu zopangidwa bwino: utuchi, masamba owuma, peat, etc., mutha kuphimba malowo ndi zinthu zosalukidwa.

Ngati nyengo yamvula m'dera lanu ndi yozunza, makamaka ngati tchire ndi laling'ono kwambiri, liyenera kumathandizidwa ngati chrysanthemums. Kukumba ndi kusungira m'chipinda chapansi pa nyumba kugwa mpaka masika. Nthawi zambiri, zipatso za alstroemeria zimayamba kukhala poyera, palibe amene amafunika kuchita izi. Pakati penipeni pa Russia, nyengo yotentha inkakhala pansi pa mulch, ndipo kum'mwera zigawo sizifunikira konse.

Matenda ndi Tizilombo

Alstroemeria wosalimba amalimbana ndi matenda ndi tizirombo.

Vuto lokhalo pakati pa matenda likhoza kukhala botritis (imvi zowola). Pofuna kuteteza malo obzala m'matenda, ndikofunikira kuonetsetsa kuti ngalande zili bwino. Pambuyo nyengo yamvula yayitali, kupewa, gwiritsani ntchito mbewu pogwiritsa ntchito fundazole (kapena fangayi ina). Ngati matendawa akhudzidwa, mankhwalawa 2 omwe amafunika pakapita milungu iwiri ndi itatu adzafunika.

Tizilombo zazikulu za alstroemeria: akangaude, mavu, zipsera, mbozi, mbozi zodya masamba. Kuti muthane nawo, muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ophera tizilombo (Actelik, actara, karbofos, fitoverm, ndi zina).

Momwe mungatolere mbewu za alstroemeria

Pakakhudzidwa pang'ono, mbewu yazipatso imasweka, ndipo mbewu zowala zimabalalika mbali zosiyanasiyana. Siyani maluwa ochepa kuti mutolere mbewu ndikumangirira ndi gauze mpaka mutakhwima kwathunthu. Sungani mbewu zosungidwa m'matumba.

Alstroemeria kunyumba

Alstroemeria mu chipinda chithunzi

Mutha kukula alstroemeria mumaphika, koma chifukwa chake ndibwino kusankha mitundu yotsika mtengo.

Sankhani chidebe chomwe chili chokwanira kuti chikhale chokhazikika, ndizofunikira kuti pansi pa mphika pakhale mabowo.

Ikani poto pamalo abwino. Madzi pamene pamwamba pamawuma (pafupifupi nthawi 1 m'masiku atatu). Kudyetsa sikofunikira.

Kukula Alstroemeria mu Greenhouse

Alstroemeria mu chithunzi chowonjezera kutentha Kodi alstroemeria imawoneka bwanji

Pazifukwa zamafakitale, alstroemeria amakula m'malo obiriwira - apa mutha kupanga malo abwino kwambiri otulutsa maluwa nthawi zonse, kukula chaka chonse.

Kusakaniza koyenera kwa dothi: dothi lamasamba, humus, peat, mchenga. Kuthirira pafupipafupi kudzafunikira, osalola kusunthika kwa chinyezi. Dyetsani mbewu kawiri pamwezi pogwiritsa ntchito feteleza wa nayitrogeni-potaziyamu.

Mu wowonjezera kutentha, alsromeria imaphukira ngakhale nthawi yozizira, kuunikira kowonjezera komwe kumafunika. Kutentha masana kumayenera kukhala 15 ° C, usiku 13 ° C. Panthawi ya maluwa, onjezani kutentha kwa tsiku ndi tsiku mpaka kufika pa 18-20 ° C.

Alstroemeria pakupanga kwapangidwe

Alstroemeria m'munda chithunzi

Alstroemeria ndiwowoneka bwino payekha m'mabedi amaluwa ndi mabedi a maluwa, kubzala kwa gulu kumawoneka kokhudza komanso kowala nthawi yomweyo.

Alstroemeria m'munda ndi maluwa ena

Othandizira nthawi zambiri amasankha duwa, akusewera pazotsutsa: kusokonekera komanso kukomera mtima kwa maluwa a Inca kumatsimikiza bwino mphamvu ndi chithumwa cha wolemba enchantress. Chifukwa chake, alstromerias ndi maziko abwino a maluwa.

Alstroemeria pakupanga kwa chithunzi chamundawo

Kuphatikiza kosangalatsa ndi chrysanthemums. Pali njira ziwiri: timabzala limodzi ma chrysanthemums ndi alstroemerias a mithunzi yofatsa yolingana ndi utoto; kapena mosinthika: matani a pastel amitundu ena amakhala maziko opindulitsa ena.

Kubzala ndi Alstroemeria poyera chithunzi

Kuphatikizanso kwina ndikupanga mgwirizano ndi bluu conifers kapena gerberas wowala bwino, wowoneka bwino. Phale lalikulu limagwera m'manja - ofiira, ofiira, amthunzi wa lalanje. Pafupi ndi kakombo wa ku Peru, buluu kapena mtundu wa violet amawoneka bwino, kapangidwe kake kamakhala ndi maluwa ang'onoang'ono ndi maluwa.

Pakati pazomera zodabwitsa, zibwenzi zoyenera zimakhala miyala, opulumuka.

Alstroemeria mu maluwa

Phwando laukwati wamaluwa a maluwa amaluwa ndi maluwa

Pachilankhulo cha maluwa, maluwa omwe amachokera ku alstroemeria ndiwofatsa, wosavomerezeka. Zili ngati akuti: "Ndiwe wokoma mtima komanso wodekha, ndiwe wokongola kwambiri." Zimatanthauzanso kufuna chuma, zabwino zonse, chuma.

Kuphatikiza pa kukongola kowoneka bwino, duwa ndilokhalitsa. Amatha kusangalatsa kutsitsimuka kwa mwezi wopitilira. Mukamasankha maluwa, perekani zomwe zimakonda kwambiri (koma ziyenera kujambulidwa). Mukamadula inflorescence kuchokera pabedi la maluwa, muziwongoleredwa ndi chizindikiro chomwecho. M'tsogolomu, masamba onse adzatsegulidwa mu madzi ndi madzi. Chotsani gawo loyambirira la tsinde (pafupifupi 1/3) kuchokera masamba.

Mitundu ndi mitundu ya alstroemeria

Alstroemeria golide Alstroemeria aurea

Alstroemeria golide Alstroemeria chithunzi aurea

Onani koyambira ku Peru. Kutalika kwa mtengaku kumafikira 1.5 m.Makhala ndi chikasu chowala cha inflorescence. Chomera chosalimba chimatha kupirira kutentha kwa -12 ° C.

Alstroemeria brazensis wa Alstroemeria

Chithunzi cha Alstroemeria chazina Alstroemeria brasiliensis

Maonekedwe amtali, zimayambira amafika mamita 2. Ziphuphu zimakhala ndi ubweya wofiirira.

Alstroemeria nano - kutalika kochepa kwambiri masentimita 10. Mitundu ya petal: maziko achikaso okhala ndi malo amdima.

Alstroemeria wamagazi wamagazi Alstroemeria haemantha

Chithunzi cha Alstroemeria chotulutsa magazi a Alstroemeria haemantha

Mitunduyi imapezeka ku Peru ndi Chile. Kukula kwampweya kumodzi kumakhala ndi maluwa okongola pafupifupi 15.

Mitundu yotchuka:

Chithunzi cha Alstroemeria chosiyana ndi chithunzi cha Princess Fabiana Alstroemeria 'Princess Fabiana'

Alicia - pamakhala kuphatikiza mithunzi yapinki ndi yoyera;

Ndimu - maluwa akulu a mandimu achikasu;

Alstroemeria wosakanizidwa tricolor Alstroemeria wosakanizidwa 'Tricolor' chithunzi

Cosmo - pamiyala yoyera chipale chofewa yokhala ndi maphokoso amdima;

Virginia ndi mitundu yoyera-ngati chipale chofewa, m'mphepete mwa masamba apansiwo ndi wavy;

Phulika kawiri pa nyengo yamitundu:

• Kukongola - mamvekedwe a pamakhala ndi lilac kapena lilac;
• Harmonies - maziko amkuwa a miyala yamtengo wapatali amakongoletsedwa ndi mikwingwirima yakuda;
• Canaria - pamakhala mthunzi wamkati womwe umalowetsedwa ndi wakuda.