Pazithunzi zokongola za spathiphyllum komanso mafotokozedwe amitundu yomwe ilipo, mutha kuwona kuti mawonekedwe ochititsa chidwi, chifukwa chomwe mbewuyo idatipatsa dzina, imakhala ndi yoyera kapena pang'ono kirimu. Tangoganizirani zododometsa zamaluwa amateur pamene chophimba choyera chokhomedwa mozungulira chofiyira cha mtundu wa inflorescence chikasintha mtundu pakapita kanthawi ndikuyamba kukhala chobiriwira.
Chifukwa chiyani maluwa amabzala obiriwira pa spathiphyllum, ndipo sichizindikiro kuti mbewuyo siyabwino, ikusowa michere kapena kuyatsidwa bwino?
Chizindikiro cha kudwala kapena kukula kwachilengedwe?
Kuti mumvetsetse nkhaniyi, muyenera kukumbukira momwe inflorescence ya spathiphyllum imawonekera. Izi ndi zoyera kapena zachikaso ,akhungu lakuthwa, wokhala ndi maluwa ang'onoang'ono, osakhala ndi petals.
Pofuna kukopa chidwi cha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ambiri a banja la Aroid, mawonekedwe amtundu wosiyanawo adawonekera posintha. Pamene maluwa akukalamba komanso mwayi wa kupukusa ucheperachepera, bulangeti loyera limakhala losafunikira. Ichi ndichifukwa chake maluwa a spathiphyllum amasandulika obiriwira. Koma kuti mbewuyo ipangire mitengo yatsopano pamatumba, ndibwino kudula mosamala ma inflorescence akale, owuma.
Ngati kusintha kwa mitundu ya perianth sikungavutitse woperekayo, ndiye kuti pali zizindikiro zoyenera kuyang'aniridwa mwachangu, komanso njira zadzidzidzi.
Matenda a Spathiphyllum: zithunzi ndi mafotokozedwe
Amaganiza ngati chomera chosasamalira komanso kusamalira pakhomo, spathiphyllum imatha kudwala ndikusokonekera ndi matenda oyambitsidwa ndi bowa ndi mabakiteriya.
Nthawi zambiri, kufooka kwa mbewu ndikukula kwamatenda a spathiphyllum amayamba chifukwa cha kutsika kwa nthaka m'nthaka, kusowa kuwala komanso kuwuma kwambiri kwa mpweya.
Matenda amawoneka ngati:
- chikasu kapena kutulutsa masamba;
- kulephera kwa tchire kuponya ma peduncle;
- chodabwitsa;
- ngakhale kufa kwa spathiphyllum, ngati njira zoyambira kwambiri sizinatenge nthawi.
Zotsatira zoyambirira za matenda a spathiphyllum zimawonekera pamasamba omwe amasintha mtundu ndikuuma, kenako zimade ndi kufota inflorescence, koma chithunzi chachikulu chimapezeka nthawi zambiri mobisa, pomwe mafangamu oyipa amabweretsa zowononga pamizu, zimayambira ndi maziko a petioles.
Muzu kuzungulira pa spathiphyllum
Cylindrocladium spathiphylli kapena muzu wowola pa spathiphyllum, chifukwa cha bowa owopsa pamera, ndiwofala kwambiri nthawi zotentha. Kugawa kumalimbikitsidwa osati kokha ndi chinyezi cha nthaka, komanso ndi kuchepa kwache acidity.
Mothandizidwa ndi matenda a spathiphyllum, monga pachithunzi, masamba otsika amakhala otupa komanso otuwa. Koma izi ndi zizindikiro zomveka bwino. Kukula kwakukulu kwa matendawa kumachitika pansi pa nthaka ndipo kumakhudza mizu. Pamizu, mawanga ofiira amapangidwa, mogwirizana ndi kuwonongeka kwa minofu.
Madera omwe akukhudzidwawo amakula msanga, kuwola ndikuyamba kugwira ntchito, ndipo zikwizikwi za fungus zimakhalabe m'nthaka, ndikalumikizana ndi masamba ndi zina za mlengalenga, malo owoneka a bulauni amawoneka ozungulira ndi minyewa yachikasu.
Spores imayendetsedwa ndi m'malovu am'madzi, kotero spathiphyllum sayenera kuloledwa kuti ikhale pafupi ndi wina ndi mnzake kapena polumikizana ndi madzi ochokera kumapoto oyandikana nawo. Zomera zokhazokha zimakhala zokhazokha, zomwe zimatengedwa kukhetsa nthaka ndikuthandizira fungicides. Monga njira yoteteza, njira yothirira ikukhazikitsidwa.
Mafangayi ena owopsa, Rhizoctonia solani ndi Sclerotium rolfsii, omwe amakhala m'nthaka, amatha kukhala kuvunda kwa maziko a tsinde, petioles, ndi mizu. M'malire ndi dothi, minofu ya mbewu imakutidwa ndi mawanga a bulauni, omwe amakhala onyowa komanso ochulukirapo. Pa masamba ndi petioles, mawanga amakhala ndi tint wachikasu, kenako ndimdima ndipo amakumana ndi necrosis. Spathiphyllums omwe ali ndi matendawa, makamaka ali aang'ono, nthawi zambiri amafa ndipo ayenera kuchotsedwa.
Pozindikira kuwopsa kwa mizu yowola, munthu sayenera kudzichepetsa yekha podulira masamba omwe akhudzidwa ndikuyang'ana mbewuyo. Ndikofunika kuonetsetsa kuti mizu ndiyothandiza, mizu yake ndi yofiyira, yoyera ndipo imatha kupereka spathiphyllum ndi chinyezi komanso michere.
- Okhudzidwa, monga chithunzi, mizu imachotsedwa ku matenda a spathiphyllum.
- Zotsalira zimakonkhedwa ndi makala osadulidwa.
- Kenako, chomera chomwe chimathandizidwa ndi fodya chimasinthidwa ndikuthira dothi latsopano.
Mochedwa kuwonongeka pamaziko a tsinde la spathiphyllum
Fungus Phytophthora yoyipa imayambitsa kuvunda kwa mizu ndi kuwononga masamba. Spores wa causative wothandizila matenda a spathiphyllum ali m'nthaka ndipo, akukhalitsa chinyezi, osakhazikika pa duwa, ndikuyamba kuchita mobisa. Zizindikiro zoyambirira za matendawa zimatha kuwoneka pakhosi la chomera, chomwe chimadetsedwa ndikunyowa.
Zomera za Spathiphyllum za matendawa, monga zili pachithunzi, zimayamba masamba a chlorosis, kufota kwawo ndi necrosis. Mizu, monga mitundu ina ya zowola, imafewetsa ndikufa.
Kupatsirana kumatheka kudzera pazida komanso kudzera munthaka ya chinyezi mukathilira. Kuti muchepetse matendawa, tifunika kupewa chinyezi m'mapoto ndikuyambitsa kuthilira kuti pakadutsa kanthaka dothi limawuma.
Zodwala za spathiphyllum ziyenera kuwonongedwa, ndipo mbewu zomwe zatsala ndi mitundu ina yoyandikana nayo m'deralo ziyenera kuthandizidwa mwapadera.
Chlorosis ndi kutupa kwa masamba a spathiphyllumap
Kuphwanya dongosolo mwatsatanetsatane kwa kukonza kwa spathiphyllum kumatha kubweretsa matenda monga tsamba chlorosis ndi edema yawo.
Zifukwa zake ndi izi:
- chinyezi chachikulu cha mlengalenga komanso nthaka, poti kutentha kwa chipinda kumakhala kocheperako kuposa kwawamba;
- kuvala kosavomerezeka kapena kosavomerezeka;
- kuwonongeka kwa mizu yoyambitsidwa ndi kupatsirana kapena matenda.
Mkhalidwe pomwe masamba adakutidwa ndi mawonekedwe a chikasu chofiirira ndipo mawanga omwe amakula nthawi zonse amakhala owawa kwambiri chifukwa cha spathiphyllum ndipo zimatha kubweretsa chimera.
Kuti chitsamba chibwezere mawonekedwe ake akale komanso chidwi, ndikofunikira kukhazikitsa chisamaliro, kuphatikiza feteleza ndi kuthirira duwa.
Spathiphyllum gummosis
Bacterial tsamba likufuna chifukwa cha Xanthomonas dieffenbachiae ndikufalikira osati pa spathiphyllum, komanso pamitundu yofananira yazomera, imamera pamphepete mwa masamba omwe ali ndi kachilombo. Tsamba limayamba kunyezimira pang'onopang'ono, minofuyo imafota ndikufa. Matenda a Spathiphyllum, monga chithunzichi, amatha kuwononga kwambiri, chifukwa, kutaya masamba, chitsamba chimataya mphamvu zake komanso chakudya.
Wothandizirana ndi causative amasamutsidwa ndi madontho amadzi, ndipo chiopsezo chachikulu cha spathiphyllum chikuwopsezedwa ngati achibale monga Dieffenbachia, Anthuriums kapena Callas atakula pafupi.
Spathiphyllum imakhudzidwa ndi bowa wa soot
Ngati mbewuzo zitagwidwa ndi tizirombo, monga nsabwe za m'masamba, nkhanambo kapena mealybugs, timata tomwe timatulutsidwa ndi tizilombo timakhala malo okukula kwa bowa. Matendawa samayambitsa vuto lalikulu la spathiphyllum, koma mapepala akuda omwe amaphimba masamba amakhudza molakwika njira ya photosynthesis, ndipo mbewu zimafooka.
Chithandizo chimakhala pochiza masamba ndi petioles ndi sopo yankho, komanso kuchitira spathiphyllum ndi mankhwala omwe amapha tizilombo.
