Nyanja yakumwa

Mwa zina mwa zipatso ndi mabulosi omwe amalimidwa m'dziko lathu, sea sea buckthorn amakopa chidwi chapadera. Zipatso zake zimakhala ndi zinthu zingapo zogwira ntchito mwachilengedwe: Vitamini C (50-150 mg /%), P-yogwira zinthu (50-100 mg /%), carotene (2.5 mg /%), vitamini K (0.8-1 , 2 mg /%), E (8-16 mg /%). B, B2, B9, coumarins (1 - 2.4 mg /%) ndi mafuta (3-6%), yomwe imayesedwa ngati chida chothandiza pochiza matenda angapo.

Sea buckthorn ndi mtengo wabwino kwambiri, wopendekera, kapena wopendekera ndi mphepo mpaka 5 m. Maluwawa ndi a dioecious, amphongo (stamen) ndi akazi (pistil), omwe amapezeka pazomera zosiyanasiyana.

M'madera a Central non-Black Earth Region, nyanja yam'madzi imayamba kutulutsa zipatso kutengera nyengo ya Meyi 3 mpaka 18. Zomera zazimuna zimayamba kuphuka tsiku limodzi mpaka masiku atatu m'mbuyomu kuposa zomera zachikazi.

Sea buckthorn amalowa mu nthawi ya zipatso mchaka chachinayi kapena chachisanu. Kuyamba kwa kucha zipatso kumatha kuchitika malinga ndi nyengo ya Julayi 26 mpaka Ogasiti 24.

Zokolola wamba kuchokera kutchire zomwe zimamera munyanja zamatchire zimakhala pafupifupi makilogalamu anayi, mitundu yosankhidwa ya Research Institute of Horticulture ku Siberia yotchedwa M. A, Lisavenko - 16 makilogalamu, okwera - 26 kg. Kuchuluka kwa mwana wosabadwayo kumachokera ku 0,2 mpaka 0,85 g.

Gawo lalikulu la mizu limakhala m'nthaka mpaka masentimita 60. Pamizu yamafupa yomwe ili pafupi ndi nthaka, zimayamwa timizu, komanso timabowo, momwe nayitrogeni imayikidwa kuchokera mumlengalenga.

Nyanja yakumwa ndi zipatso zosagwira chisanu. Amalekerera chisanu mpaka -50 ° C. Komabe, mu nthawi zosiyana za nyengo yozizira ndi thaws komanso kusinthasintha kwamphamvu kwa diurnal kutentha, komanso ngati mphepo yamphamvu, nthambi zouma ndi maluwa zimasungunuka, makamaka pazomera zazimuna.

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Dothi labwino kwambiri lamchenga wam'madzi ndi mchenga ndi miyala yokhala ndi miyala yotsika, komanso nkhalangozi ya imvi komanso dothi la chernozem lopepuka. Panthaka yolemetsa yamakina, nyanja yamadzi yam'madzi imakhala yofooka komanso yopanda zipatso. Madera okhala ndi madzi, osefukira sakukwanira konse kwa iye.

Mitundu yabwino kwambiri yamadzi am'madzi amtundu wotchedwa Dar Katun, Golden cob, Oilseed.

• Mphatso ya Katun. Kulemera kwakukulu kwa zipatsozo ndi 0.4 g. Zipatso ndi lalanje, lalikulu. Kukomerako kumakhala kowawasa pang'ono, popanda kuwawa. Kubereka wazaka zisanu ndi chimodzi mpaka zisanu ndi ziwiri kuyambira 14 mpaka 16.7 makilogalamu pachitsamba chilichonse. Zipatso zimapsa kumapeto kwa Ogasiti, zimakhala ndi shuga - 5.3%, ma asidi - 1.66%, ma tannins - 0,042%, mafuta - 6.89%, vitamini C - 62 mg /%, carotene - oposa 3 mg /%.
• Khutu lagolide. Unyinji wamabulosi wamba ndi 0,4 g. Zipatsozo ndizopanda pake, lalanje. Kubereka wazaka zisanu mpaka zisanu ndi chimodzi kuchokera pa 15.2 mpaka 16.4 makilogalamu pachitsamba chilichonse. Zipatso zimacha kumayambiriro kwa Seputembala, zimakhala ndi shuga - 4,76%, ma asidi - 1.45%, ma tannins - 0,059%, mafuta - 7.4% vitamini C - 66 mg /%, carotene - 2 mg '%.
• Mafuta. Kulemera kwakukulu kwa zipatso ndi 0.37 g. Zipatso ndi zofiirira. Zokolola pazaka zinayi ndi 4.7 kg pa chitsamba chilichonse. Zipatso zimacha kumapeto kwa Ogasiti, zimakhala ndi shuga - 4%, ma asidi - 1.46%, ma tannins - 0,059%, mafuta - 5.8%, vitamini C - 64 mg%, carotene - 7.6 mg /%.

Kukonzekera dothi kuti mubzale imayamba ndikuyambitsa organic (kuchokera pa 100 mpaka 150 kg / 10 m2 wa peat kapena humus) ndi 600-800 g / 1O m2 wa feteleza wa phosphate. M'malo mwa feteleza wachilengedwe, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito masamba obiriwira (lupine, mpiru, phacelia). Dothi la Acidic liyenera kukhala likuchepera. Nthawi yotsimikizika yokhayi imagwirizana ndi kupanga kwa kunyanja kwa buckthorn nthawi yayitali ndipo ndi zaka 10-12.

Tikufika. Ku Central Non-Black Earth Region, nyanja ya buckthorn imabzalidwa masika kapena yophukira malinga ndi dongosolo la 4 × 2. Maenje amakumbidwa mpaka 40 cm kuya ndi 30 mpaka 60 cm.Gongo lamizu imatha kuyikidwa mpaka masentimita 7-10 pamiyala yamchenga yopanda miyala, pa ena dothi - osapitirira 3-5 masentimita. Potengera kubzala mwakuya, gawo la mlengalenga ndi mizu yake sizimakula. Kubzala, okhazikika kwambiri, makamaka wazaka ziwiri, zinthu zodzala zimagwiritsidwa ntchito. Muzu wa mmera uzikhala ndi nthambi zitatu kapena 30-30 cm, wa mlengalenga - 1 kapena 2 wolumikizidwa molondola umalimba 50-60 masentimita .. Musanabzike, mizu ndikuviika mu dothi.

Kuti mungu wabwinobwino mbeu za akazi pamalowo zibzalidwe 10% yazimuna zazimuna zonsezo.

Kudulira Sea-buckthorn imakhala ndikuchotsa pachaka kwa nthambi zouma, zachisanu, zowonongeka. Mmera wazaka zisanu ndi ziwiri mpaka khumi, kudulira kotsutsa kumachitika.

Kuteteza Tizilombo ndi Matenda zachitika motere. Pankhondo yolimbana ndi nsabwe zobiriwira zam'madzi zomwe zimawononga mphukira ndi masamba achichepere, mbewu zimathandizidwa ndi 0-0-0.3% karbofos.

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Polimbana ndi endomycosis okhudza zipatso, gwiritsani ntchito nitrafen (3.0% ya kukonzekera) mpaka masamba atatseguka, komanso sonkhanitsani ndikutentha zipatso ndi nthambi.

Polimbana ndi matenda oyamba ndi fungus omwe amawononga mbali zonse za chomera, tikulimbikitsidwa kudula ndi kuwotcha nthambi zowonongeka kapena mbewu.