Kubzala ndi chisamaliro cha Veronica: Kufotokozera, chithunzi cha maluwa

Veronica ndiwosiyana ndi mbewu zotchuka kwambiri. Amadziwika ndi odziwa ntchito zamaluwa chifukwa cha mankhwala omwe amapezeka, chifukwa chake kugwiritsa ntchito mtengowu kumakupatsani mwayi wosiya chithandizo chamankhwala ndi mankhwala a pharmacy. Komabe, komabe, Veronica ndiwokondweretsa kwambiri okonda ulimi wamaluwa ndi maluwa, chifukwa nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi iwo pokongoletsa.

Masiku ano, pali mitundu yambiri yamitundu ndi mitundu ya Veronica, yomwe imatsegula mwayi wogwiritsidwa ntchito pakupanga mawonekedwe. Woyang'anira munda yekha ndi amene amafunikira Sankhani mitundu yoyenera ndikuziyika bwino pabedi la maluwa kuti muzisangalala ndi nyengo iliyonse ya maluwa a Veronica.

Zambiri pazomera

Veronica ndi chomera chofala kwambiri, chomwe mitundu yake imayimiriridwa m'maiko osiyanasiyana padziko lapansi. Izi zitha kufotokozedwa ndi kusasamala kwake komanso kulekerera chilala, chifukwa cha ichi amakwanitsa kupulumuka nyengo iliyonse yamvula. Zomera sizikugwirira nthaka, motero zimamasuka pamchenga ndi dongo, ndi dothi lotayirira. Poyamba idakongoletsedwa ndi nkhalango, minda ndi mapiri, koma patapita nthawi idayamba kugwiritsidwa ntchito popangira zokongoletsera zokulira pamabedi amaluwa.

Veronica itasandulika kukhala mbewu yolimidwa, idakhala maziko a kulima mitundu yatsopano yosinthidwa kukongoletsa.

Komabe, bambo wina adakumana ndi Veronica akukwilira nthawi yayitali kwambiri, ndipo nthawi imeneyo zinali zamtengo wapatali kwa iye chifukwa cha zinthu zamankhwala. Pali maumboni angapo okhudza dzina la Veronica. Mwina izi zikuchitika chifukwa cha liwu lachi Greek lomwe limamasulira kuti "thundu yaying'ono", kapena Latin, lomwe limatanthawuza "mankhwala enieni" kapena "mbewu yeniyeni". Mtundu wina umapatsidwanso kuti idapatsidwa dzina polemekeza St. Veronica.

Mitundu ya Veronica

Mitundu ya mbewuyi ndiyambiri ndipo mulinso mitundu yopitilira 300. Koma nthawi yomweyo ali ndi oyimira ochepa kwambiri omwe angagwiritsidwe ntchito polima m'mundamo.

Komabe, mitundu yoberekera chifukwa chotereyi imakhala yotopetsa kwambiri posamalira ndi kulima. Kupatula apo, Veronica sikuti imangolekerera bwino ma vagaries anyengo, komanso imaphuka kwa nthawi yayitali ndipo imatha kukula m'njira zosiyanasiyana. Kuphatikiza apo, pakati pawo pali mitundu yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pokongoletsa:

Veronica officinalis

• Mtunduwu umapezeka m'malo ambiri. Ambiri mwa oimira ake amakhala ku Europe, North America, Caucasus, Turkey ndi Siberia;
• malo ake achizolowezi ndi nkhalango zopepuka. Pazakudziwika koyamba, Veronica officinalis imatha kutengedwa ngati duwa loti nditha kuiwala;
• chochitika chachikulu ndikuti pakukula kwa mbeu zimayambira ndikuzikoloweka, chifukwa chake chigamba chabwino chobiriwira chokongoletsedwa ndi maluwa a buluu chimapangidwa;
• Chomera chimawonetsera mawonekedwe ake okongoletsera atakula pamabedi a maluwa ndi njira. Veronica officinalis ali ndi masamba ovoid omwe amawuma pang'ono ndipo amakhala ndi phesi lalifupi;
• maonekedwe a maluwa ndi amtambo wabuluu, ngakhale m'mitundu ina mthunzi ungakhale woyera;
• maluwa osiyanasiyana kwa nthawi yayitali, choncho amatha kusangalala nthawi yonse yotentha;
• Njira zazikulu zothandizira kubereka ndikugwiritsa ntchito njira ndi kufesa mbewu.
• mchitidwe wamba ukufesa nthawi yozizira kapena masika;
• mutabzala, nthawi yayitali iyenera kudutsa - zaka 2 maluwa asanakhale;
• Veronica officinalis imatha kumera panthaka yosauka komanso pamthunzi, pomwe imatha kupirira nthawi yayitali yachilala.

Veronica Steller

• mu vivo, izi ndizofala kwambiri ku China ndi Japan;
• chomera chokhazikika, chimatha kukula mpaka 25 cm, inflorescence chokongoletsera pamwamba;
• pa kukula nthawi amapanga mayimidwe mwachindunji ndi pubescence. Mawonekedwe a masamba ali ovoid ndi m'mphepete mwa seva, mpaka 3 cm;
• wafupikitsa inflorescences ofanana ndi ma spikelets. M'masabata oyambilira a maluwa, kangaude ndi wokulirapo, koma pambuyo pake amakula mosavuta;
• pa maluwa osiyanasiyana, maluwa amakhala ndi mtundu wabuluu kapena wofiirira;
• maluwa akutuluka mu Julayi ndipo akupitilira mpaka kugwa;

Veronica Zokwawa

• malo omwe amakhala mwazosiyanasiyana zoterezi ndi malo opondapo, malo opezekapo gawo la Asia, Siberia ndi Central Europe;
• Mphukira zokwawa zimapanga kapeti wokuluka mpaka 10 cm, yemwe amakongoletsedwa ndi inflorescence a buluu kapena buluu;
• masamba ali ndi mawonekedwe ovoid, amakula pamiyendo yochepa;
• mitunduyi ndi yapadera chifukwa imasunga mtundu wake wobiriwira nthawi yozizira;
• Veronica zokwawa ndi njira yabwino yokongoletsera minda yamiyala ndi bedi lokongoletsera maluwa pafupi ndi dziwe;
• ngati njira zazikulu zofalitsira, gwiritsani ntchito kufesa mbewu kapena kudula;
• mutabzala mbewu, mbewu zimayamba kuphuka patatha zaka ziwiri. Mikhalidwe yabwino yofalitsira ndi zodula zimachitika mu Meyi.

Kukula kwa veronica

Ngakhale ndi kuzindikira kwakukulu kwa mbewu, kusamalira Veronica nthawi yozizira kuyenera monga kuthirira pang'ono, popeza apo ayi pamakhala ngozi yakumwalira kwake ndikumwa madzi. Kusamalira duwa sikuli kovuta, chifukwa mutha kugwiritsa ntchito dothi lililonse. Veronica akumva bwino kwambiri kutentha kwa madigiri 14-20.

Pali mitundu yambiri yomwe imatha kumera bwino nthawi yotentha. Chofunikira kwambiri chinyezi mchaka, nthawi yamaluwa isanayambe. Pakadali pomwe maluwa oyamba atayamba kutsegulira, kuthirira kumachepetsedwa. Duwa lomaliza la Veronica likafota, kudulira kwa mlengalenga kwa mbewu kumachitika. Kuchita izi kumalimbikitsa kukhazikitsidwa kwa masamba atsopano achinyamata. Chifukwa chake, njirayi imakupatsani mwayi wotsimikizira zokongoletsa za mbeuyo nthawi yonse yamasika ndi nthawi yachilimwe.

Njira zolerera

Kuti mupeze mbewu zatsopano za Veronica, mutha gwiritsani ntchito njira zotsatirazi zoberekera:

• kugawanika kwa mpweya;
• kudula;
• kufesa mbewu.

Monga lamulo, pamene kukula kwa veronica spikelets, wamaluwa amakonda zokonda njira zomwe zimamuyenerera bwino. Kufesa mbewu m'malo okhazikika ndi bwino nthawi yophukira. Komabe, mutha kuchita izi mchaka, koma choyamba muyenera kuchita opareshoni kuti muchepetse kubzala - stratization. Zodulidwa, mphindi yabwino kwambiri imapangidwa m'chilimwe. Izi ndizofunikira kukonzekera timitu tating'onoting'ono. Pambuyo pake, zimayikidwa pansi kuti zizike mizu kapena madzi kuti zithandizire kupanga mizu. Pamenepo, mizu yolimba ikapangidwa muzomera, kuziika m'malo otseguka zimatha kuchitika.

Komabe, nthawi zambiri, mbewu zatsopano za Veronica zimapezeka ndikugawa nthambizo. Kutchuka kwa njirayi sikuti chifukwa chongokhala ndi nthawi yocheperako, komanso kuchuluka kwakukulu kopulumuka kumalo atsopano. Ndikulimbikitsidwa kuti muzichita izi masika kapena kugwa koyambirira. Choyamba muyenera kuchotsa pansi zimayambira, kenako mbewu yamuyaya ndikakumbidwa. Pogwira gawoli, mungagwiritse ntchito mpeni kapena fosholo. Ndikofunika kugawa mbewuzo m'magawo kuti mizu yoyamba kudula ikhale ndi mphukira zitatu. Mukamaliza gawoli, ndikofunikira kusamukira kumalo atsopano.

Zothandiza pakugwiritsa ntchito ndi Veronica

Zaka zambiri zapitazo, munthu adaphunzira zamankhwala a Veronica zokwawa. Chifukwa chake, ngakhale zakale zidagwiritsidwa ntchito zochizira matenda osiyanasiyana. Chomera ichi sichinataye izi mu nthawi zamakono, komwe zimagwiritsidwabe ntchito mwachangu monga mankhwala azikhalidwe.

Tiyenera kukumbukira kuti nsonga zam'mera zokhala ndi masamba ndi maluwa ndizofunikira pochiza matenda.

Amakolola kale kumayambiriro kwa chilimwe - pachimake cha maluwa. Ndikofunikira kuti muchepetse nthawi yowuma, chifukwa chake opaleshoni iyi imachitika kutentha kwambiri - 40 madigiri. Izi zimachepetsa kuwonongeka kwa maluwa ndikusunga mtundu wa mbewu. Pambuyo pouma bwino, mbewuzo zimasunganso katundu wawo wazaka 2. Pambuyo pa nthawi imeneyi, amakhala opanda ntchito.

Pomaliza

Ngakhale ndizotheka kuti alimi ambiri oyambira maluwa sakudziwa bwino chomera cha Veronica, ndiye chomera chotchuka, osati mwa okonda maluwa okha. Chowonadi ndi chakuti bambo wina adakumana naye zaka zambiri zapitazo, atadziwa za mankhwala. Chifukwa chake, poyambirira adagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mankhwala kuchiza matenda ambiri.

M'masiku amakono, ku Veronica zokwawa zakumananso ndi ntchito ina - zokongoletsera zamitundu yosiyanasiyana. Chifukwa chake, spikelet veronica nthawi zambiri imatha kupezeka m'munda. Chifukwa chosasamala kwambiri Veronica, imatha kumera pafupifupi kulikonse. Njira yosavuta yochitira izi ndi kudzera pofalitsa ndi odulidwa, omwe amatsimikizira kupulumuka kwakukulu.