Momwe mungakopere mbalame kumunda

Phindu lalikulu lomwe mbalame zimabweretsa sindiye kuti zimawononga tizirombo - sizidzawonongeratu zonse, koma kuti zimaletsa kubereka kwawo kosasamala ndikusunga kuchuluka kwawo mosavomerezeka m'mundawo.

Pamalo opangira zakudya zawo, mbalame zam'munda zitha kugawidwa m'magulu atatu.pp.

Gulu loyamba ndi mbalame, makamaka zomwe zimatola chakudya chawo mu udzu, padziko lapansi m'malo oyandikira. Gululi limaphatikizapo ma jackdaws, rook, oatmeal, redstart, thrushes, finches.

Gulu lachiwiri - mbalame zomwe zikutola tizilombo mumtengo wapamwamba - pama nthambi tchire. Awa ndi ma warblers, zoryanka, ma wrens.

Gulu lachitatu limaphatikizapo mbalame zomwe zimadya pamitengo: zipatso, ma orioles, warblers, Carduelis, ngakhalenso cockoo nthawi zina akuuluka kuchokera kuthengo.

Mpheta zam'munda

Mpheta zomwe zimapezeka m'minda ndizosiyana ndi mpheta yazing'ono momwe ilili yaying'ono, yowoneka bwino komanso yowonda "chithunzi", zochepa pugnacity, komanso utoto. Itha kuzindikiridwa ndi chipewa chowoneka bwino cha mgoza, mawanga akuda ndi zibangiri pamasaya amvi. Nyengo, mpheta zimatha kudyetsa ana atatu a anapiye 4-5 pachilichonse. Pafupifupi chilimwe chonse kuyambira Epulo mpaka Julayi, mpheta zimagwira ntchito mosatopa, kudyetsa anapiye awo. Munthu akhoza kulingalira momwe ntchitoyi iliri yolimba, ngati mpheta imawulukira ku chisa chake pafupifupi 300 patsiku ndikuyika chonde nthawi iliyonse mwana wakhanda wina pakamwa pake: mbozi, ntchentche, nyongolotsi, ndi zina zambiri. Kudyetsa kwa mbadwo woyamba wa anapiye kumayenderana ndi nthawi yakukula kwa mphutsi za apulo-omwe amadya masamba a mtengo wa apulo. Ichi ndi chakudya chabwino kwambiri cha anapiye, ndipo mpheta zimatola mphutsi izi kuchokera ku masamba ndikuwanyamula zisa zawo. Mosiyana ndi mpheta yazinyumba, imapangitsa zisa zake kukhala nyumba, koma m'miyala yamitengo yakale yomwe imamera pafupi ndi nyumba, ndipo idzakondwereranso ndi nyumba zosungiramo mbalame ndi nyumba zopangiramo mitengo.

Oyambitsa nyenyezi

Mbalame yabwino kwambiri yam'munda, anthu adazolowera kale kuti azilingalira za nyenyezi. Ndi nyenyezi zomwe zimalandilidwa mwanjira iliyonse, zikapachikika nyumba zokumbira - nyumba zopangira mbalame kulikonse komwe zingatheke. Chifukwa chake, nyenyezi zidatsala pang'ono kuyiwala kuti ndi mbalame zamtchire, ndikusinthana zipinda zomwe adawakonzera. Ku chilimwe koyambilira, mbalamezi zimadya makamaka tizilombo. Amafika nthawi ya masika nthawi yomwe kulima ndi kukumba mabedi kumayambika. Nyenyezi zimathamanga panthaka yatsopano ndikuchita mochenjera ndipo zimakola anthu okhala panthaka yopendekera pansi. Ngakhale kuti mphutsizo zimabwerera mwachangu kuthambo losungirako, nyenyeziyo imakhala yofulumira ndipo imakwanitsa kuyigwira ndi mlomo wake mbali imodzi.

M'nyengo yotentha, nyenyeziyo imayikira mazira kawiri. Amasaka tizirombo tamadyetsa anapiye makamaka pamtunda, nthawi zambiri - pamitengo. Nditamaliza kudyetsa anapiye ndi kupeza ufulu, nthawi zambiri nyenyezi zimapanga magulu akulu omwe amasonkhana kuti agone limodzi pamitengo ingapo yapafupi. Zophatikizira zomwezo usiku umodzi m'magulu akulu zimawonedwa mu mbalame zina zomwe zimakhala pafupi ndi malo okhala anthu: mbawala, akhwangwala, mpheta, akhwangwala amvi. Iyi ndi nthawi yofunika kwambiri m'miyoyo ya mbalame, kuwalola kuti azitha kusinthana zidziwitso zakupezeka kwa chakudya. Malo omwe mumagona usiku ndikuyerekeza ndi malo achidziwitso. Mbalame zomwe zimapeza malo okhala ndi zakudya zambiri, mwachitsanzo, malo omwe zimawetera tizilombo kapena tirigu wokhathamira, zidziwitsani izi pamachitidwe ena, ndipo m'mawa lotsatira gulu lonse laiwo limatuluka.

Ma Tits

Mwina mbalame yothandiza kwambiri komanso yokhayo, yopanda vuto lililonse ndi gawo lalikulu. Imakhala mbalame yosavutikira, yomwe imadya kwambiri pamitengo yazipatso.. Kufufuza mwanjira iliyonse tsamba lililonse, tsamba lililonse, kumawononga tizirombo tonse tomwe timakhala pamtengoyi: akulu, mphutsi, ndi mazira. Kufunika kokadyetsedwa mu tit ndikokulira. Amayika mazira kawiri pa nyengo kwa zidutswa 7-12 nthawi. Nkhupakupa ndizowopsa kwambiri, chifukwa zikukula msanga: m'masiku atatu kulemera kwawo kumachulukanso. Makolo ayenera kugwira ntchito molimbika kudyetsa ana awo. Masana amawuluka ndi chakudya chisa chawo nthawi pafupifupi 400, ndikupha pafupifupi 10,000 masauzande nthawi yakudyetsa, 30% yomwe ndi tizirombo, kuphatikizapo mbozi za njenjete. Pa nthawi yakuswana kwa moths m'minda nthawi zina magulu athunthu amawoneka, akuwuluka ponseponse. Zotsatira zake, njenjete yomwe ili pafupi imatha. Mtundu umodzi wa zipatso umatha kuyerekeza mitengo 40 ya maapozi kuchokera kuzomera pachilimwe.

Matayala sanyamuka nthawi yachisanu ndikumapitiliza ntchito yawo yothandiza, kuyeretsa dimba la mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya tiziromboti, mwachitsanzo, kupukusa mazira a khungwa, mbozi zokhala ndi mapiko agolide, ndi zina zotere. Mitengo yayikuluyi ndi mbalame yamtchire yomwe siziiwala luso lake m'nkhalango. Amakonda kukhala chisa m'malo ake achilengedwe - m'nkhalango. M'minda imawuluka kuti idyetse. Mitengo yazipatso yokhala ndi korona wake wamasamba, yoteteza bwino chisa ku nyengo, sikuwoneka ngati malo otetezeka. Koma ngati mutapachika nyumba yaying'ono m'munda wanu, ndiye kuti chakhumicho chitha kukhalamo. Mu nthawi yophukira, nyenyeswa zimasiya zisa zawo, zimagwirizanirana m'mitundu yosiyanasiyana ndikuwuluka pafupi ndi komwe anthu amakhala kuti akuyembekeza kupeza chakudya.

Nyumba yam'madzi, yomwe idatchedwa dzina chifukwa cha kapu wabuluu, imakhala ndi mulomo wamfupi, ngati ma tweezers olimba. Ndikwabwino kwambiri kuti azikwatula mazira ang'onoang'ono a tizilombo touluka, kuthamangitsa tizilombo tomwe timatsata makungwa.

Nest mnyumba

Zoviyira zazimera, zotayidwa zatsopano, zoyera zamagalimoto zoyera mkati kapena pafupi ndi nyumba za anthu. Awa ndi mbalame zazing'ono, ndipo zisa zawo sizivuta kupeza malo okhala m'makomo a anthu: mipata yolumikizira, mipata mu zomangamanga, mitengo yamatabwa. Zisa zawo zidapezekanso m'mabokosi amakalata, pa chitoliro chakale cha samovar, mu buti yamakono, yayiwalika pa mpanda. Amalolera kukhala m'malo achisangalalo. Zonsezi zikuwonetsa kufunikira kwa mbalame kuti zipange zisa zawo m'malo otetezedwa, m'malo otetezeka. Nthawi zina, mbalamezi zimapanga zisa zawo m'maenje a mitengo.

Rook

Kuyambira mbalame zamtchire kupita kumalo komwe anthu amakhala. Malinga ndi kukumbukira zakale, amapanga zisa zawo pamitengo yayitali ndipo nthawi zambiri, ngati ma jackdaw, amapanga mizere yayikulu, kuyambira zana mpaka zana. Rook amadya makamaka ndi tizilombo, pomwe 50-70% ndi tizirombo tikukhala m'matumbo a nthaka: mbozi, nsanza, mawayilesi. M'mimba mwa nthito, nthawi zina ma waya angapo angapo amawachezera. Chozungulira chimakumba kwambiri pansi ndi mlomo wake kuti nthenga zomwe zili m'munsi mwa mulomo wakuda zimapukutidwa ndikuwunikira mawonekedwe okuwonekera. Mukadyetsa anapiye, maula awiri tsiku lililonse amasamutsa 40-60 g ya tizilombo ku chisa. Pankhani ya kubalikana kwa tizirombo m'minda kapena m'minda, mbawala zitha kuthandiza kwambiri munthu. M'magulu akulu, amasamukira kumalo osungiramo tizilombo ndi kukadyera m'madyerero mpaka munda wonse utatsukidwa. Rook ndi mbalame yayikulupo, ndipo ngati ali ndi mwayi wopeza phindu, sangaphonye mwayiwu..

Mphepete mwa chisa

M'minda mungapeze mbalame zomwe zimamanga zisa zawo m'mphepete mwa nkhalango zowoneka bwino, zitsamba. Ichi ndi chopingasa, chopatsa mphamvu cha mitundu ingapo, greenfinch, golidefinch, linnet, warbler. Ngati dimba lanu lili ndi mpanda wabwino wamtchire wamtali, ndiye kuti golide wamtundu wagolide, wotulutsa, greenfinch akhoza kukhazikika pompano kuti mukhale. Linnet ndi warbler amakonda kupanga zisa mu ma prickly bush - rose m'chiuno, hawthorn, ndi minga. M'matchuke amamba, maudzu, raspiberi, mutha kupeza chisa cha mabango, chomwe chimatinso loboti la dimba, wolemba nyimbo wokongola, amene mayimbidwe ake, malinga ndi okonda zovala, amatha kupikisana ndi nyimbo ya nightingale yomwe. Phokoso la mabango limatha kumveka kumadzulo kapena m'mawa, ndipo nthawi zina ngakhale usiku.

Mbidzi yaimvi yokhala m'matchire ndi mbalame yotetezeka komanso osati woimba womaliza.

Mbalame zachisanu

Zina mwa mbalame zam'mundamo ndi zina zomwe zimangokhala pansi, ndiye kuti, sizimawuluka kulikonse, ndipo zina zimakhala mbalame zosamukira. Okhazikika amakhalanso ndi ma jackdaw, akhwangwala otuwa, mpheta, ma toni, mtundu wa buluu, carduelis. M'nyengo yozizira, onse amayandikira pafupi ndi nyumba za anthu, pomwe nthawi zonse pamakhala chilichonse chopindulitsa. Ngakhale amafunafuna tizilombo ting'onoting'ono pa mitengo, koma alibe zokwanira. Ndipo apa tchire mabulosi amatha kukhala othandiza kwambiri kwa iwo, pomwe zipatso zimasungidwa nthawi yozizira. Atasokoneza mwanjira inayake nthawi yozizira, mbalamezi zimatha kukhala bwino m'malo otetezedwa, chifukwa kumayambiriro kwa nthawi yopanda mpikisano zimakhala malo abwino okhalamo. M'chilimwe, amatha kutulutsa ana awiri kapena atatu. Kuyambira pakati pa mwezi wa February mutha kumva nyimbo yaukwati ya titmouse. Imakhala ndi zolemba ziwiri komanso kumveka ngati belu losangalala kulengeza kuyandikira kwa masika (ngakhale amapanga zisa pambuyo pake).

Kuyimba mbalame

Pomaliza, taonanso zina zokhudzana ndi mbalame. Mwakuyesa, asayansi apeza kuti mbalame zikuimba bwino zimakomera mbewu, sizodabwitsa kuti izi zinangochitika zokha: mbalame zikuluzikulu zimamveka kwambiri kumapeto kwa Meyi - koyambirira kwa Juni, pakakula kwambiri kwamera. Amuna okha ndi omwe amayimba. Mtundu uliwonse wa mbalame umakhala ndi nyimbo yakeyomwe umakhala nayo, koma luso la magwiridwe ake zimadalira kwathunthu kuthekera kwa woimbayo. Makamaka oimba aluso amasintha nyimbo yawo yosavuta yokhala ndi zosankha zambiri, zazifupi komanso zazitali komanso maondo. Zimadziwika kuti ndi zaka, oimba amasintha mphatso yawo yakuyimba. Kuphatikiza pa Nightingale ndi bango lomwe tatchulalo, kuyimba kokongola kumasangalatsa ang'onoang'ono, mitengo, Carduelis, greenfinch, ndi linnet. Mbalame zimatha kupereka mphindi zambiri zosangalatsa komanso zochitika zosayiwalika.

Momwe mungakope mbalame

Chakudya

Pamene nyengo yachisanu imayandikira, imakhala yosakwanira kuti mbalame zizimadya chakudya chomwe adapeza bwino mchilimwe, ndipo mbalame zimatembenuzira maso awo kwa odyetsa tirigu ambiri. Pali lingaliro kuti kudyetsa mbalame m'nthawi yachisanu kumasokoneza kusuntha kwa mitundu inayake, koma kafukufuku wa akatswiri a zamankhwala amaonetsa kuti ubale wotere ulibe kwenikweni.

Mbalame zofooka zomwe sizimatha kuuluka kumwera chifukwa chovulala, kudwala, kapena chifukwa china, kudyetsa kwanu kungapulumutse miyoyo ndikuthandizira kupulumuka nyengo yozizira. Ngakhale mbalame zomwe sizimawulukira kumwera ndizochepa mu chakudya chamnyengo. Ndipo ngati mungawonjezere izi nthawi yochepa yoperekedwa kwa mbalame kuti izifunafuna chakudya nthawi yachisanu chifukwa kuchepa kwachilengedwe kwa masana, nthawi yozizira ndi nthawi yovuta komanso yovuta kwa mbalame.

Mutha kukonzanso zodyetsa momwe mudzawonjezerapo zakudya ngati zikufunika, kapena mudzala mbewu m'munda mwanu, zipatso zake ndizothandiza kwa mbalame zanjala nthawi yozizira. Pafupifupi mbalame zonse zimakonda mbewu, mapira, oats ndi zina, zomwe zimapezeka m'nyumba iliyonse. Kwa tini, nuthatch, woodpeckers, i.e. mbalame zonse zosatetezeka, mutha kupachika mafuta osalimba m'munda - ichi ndi chakudya chomwe amawakonda.

Mukamasankha mbewu m'munda mwanu, mutha kukonda zomwe zipatso zake zidzakopeka ndi mbalame. Imatha kukhala barberry, fir, hawthorn, phulusa la kumapiri, paini, viburnum. Mwa maluwa omwe amapereka mbewu zokondedwa ndi mbalame, yesani kubzala asters, marigold, marigold, mpendadzuwa, sage, zinnia (ingokumbukirani m'dzinja, mukakonza mundawo nthawi yozizira ndikuyeretsa mbewu zomwe zidazimiririka, siyani mabokosi ambewu mpaka masika).

Zomwe muyenera kudziwa za odyetsa:

Ndikwabwino ngati mungathe kuyika zodyera mbalame kuti ndikosavuta kwa inu kuti muziwayang'ana, koma musaiwale za mbalame - akuyenera kukhala ndi njira yobwerera, choncho ndibwino kuyika odyetsa pafupi ndi tchire kapena nthawi zonse, kuti ngozi zikafika pobisalira, mbalame zimatha kubisala. Tchire lathanzi, monga maluwa kapena maluwa otchedwa hawthorn, ndi pothawirapo koyenera kwa mbalame komwe nyama zolusa, mwachitsanzo, amphaka amphaka, sizingawafikire.

Sungani zodyetsa nthawi zonse kuti muchepetse kufalikira kwa matenda ndikuwopa majeremusi. Nthawi ndi nthawi yotsira mafuta opatsirana pogwiritsa ntchito gawo limodzi la chlorine bleach ndi magawo 9 a madzi ofunda. Musanadzazitsenso wodyetsa chakudya, pukuta ndi nsalu.

Ngati munayamba kudyetsa mbalame, pitilizani kutero mpaka kumapeto kwa nyengo yachisanu. Ndikwabwino ngati mtundu wina wa phala ulipo mu feeder. Mukadzaza wodyetserako ndi njere zosiyanasiyana, posakhalitsa zidzazindikira kuti mbalamezo zimasankha bwino mbewuzo zomwe zimawoneka zokondweretsa kwa iwo, ndikubalalitsa zokanidwa mbali zonse.

Musadyetse mbalame ndi zinthu zowonongeka kapena zotha ntchito, miyala ya mchere kapena masamba amchere.

Pogona

Nyumba wamba yamakomo imatha kukhala pothaŵirapo mbalame. Tsiku la chisanu litayamba kukhala lalitali, mbalame zimakonzekera kukwatirana ndikuganiza za anawo, ndiye nthawi yakwanthawi yowathandiza pomanga nyumbayo. Ndikwabwino kusamalira nyumba yopatsira mbalame kuti igonongeke kuti muthe kukakhomera m'munda wanu mu Januware.

Kusankhidwa kwa nyumba y mbalame kumadalira cholinga. Mwina nyumba yosungiramo mbalame ikuyenera kufanana ndi momwe masanjidwewo adapangidwira, kapena mukufuna kukopa mtundu wina wa mbalame ku dimba lanu? Mbalame zosiyanasiyana zimakhala ndi zofuna zawo. Mwachitsanzo, thumba lokhazikika silikhazikika munyumba yotseka mbalame, ndipo mbalame zina zimakonda kukhala chisa pamitengo kapena zitsamba, ndiye kuti sikuti nthawi zonse mumangofunika kumanga kapena kugula nyumba za mbalame - nthawi zina zimakhala zokwanira kungobzala mitundu ina ya mbewu.

Zomwe muyenera kukumbukira posankha nyumba ya mbalame:

Ngati malo anu otentha atentha kwambiri chilimwe, ndiye kuti ikani chinyumba kuti mbalame zomwe zimalowa zikutembenuzidwira Kumpoto kapena Kummawa - izi ziteteza mbalame kuti zisatenthe kwambiri.

Ndikwabwino kuyika nyumba za mbalame pamitanda, mitengo kapena m'mphepete mwa chikhomo kuposa kuyikhomera kuma mitengo ikuluikulu kapena kuyimilira pamitengo kuti iziteteza mbalame ku zilombo.

Osamaika nyumba zokhala pafupi kwambiri ndi odyetsa.

Kuyeretsa pachaka nyumba ya mbalame nkofunikira.

Madzi

Ngakhale madzi ali malo achitatu mogwirizana ndi kufunikira pakati pa zosowa ndi zokonda za mbalame, mudzadabwa kudziwa kuti ndi mbalame zingati zomwe zimachezera odyetsa m'munda mwanu ngati muwonjezerera gwero lamadzi. Ngati nthawi yozizira mbalamezi zimayenera kuyenda mtunda wautali kukafunafuna madzi, mwina zingakonde kukhala pafupi ndi malo amadzi m'malo mouluka kwa inu kungodya m'makudya.

Njira yosavuta, poyang'ana koyamba, njira ndiyo kubwezeretsanso kangapo patsiku kumwa mbale za mbalame ndi madzi abwino. Komabe, izi sizothandiza nthawi zonse komanso momwe zingathekere. Inde, njira yabwino kwambiri, ngati muli ndi mwayi wopanga chakumwa ndi kutentha - ndiye kuti madzi amawonjezedwa pokhapokha pakufunika.

Mbale zotentha zotentha zoterezi zitha kugulidwa m'masitolo apadera, koma musanagule, onetsetsani kuti mapangidwe anu azikhala otetezeka kwa alendo anu okhala ndi mbalame ngati mbalameyo itanyowa chifukwa champhepo yamphamvu kapena pamene anthu ambiri amasonkhana mozungulira woledzerayo.Kupatula kuti mbalame zimatha kumwa madzi nthawi iliyonse, zidzakhala zosangalatsadi kusamba m'madzi ofunda a omwe amamwa.

Yesetsani kukopa mbalame ku munda wanu wozizira - izi ziwathandiza kuti apulumuke nyengo yozizira, ndipo mudzalandira mphoto chifukwa cha kukongola kwake, kudzipereka kwawo ndi zonunkhira zabwino komanso mosakayikira kumathandiza polimbana ndi tizirombo tambiri!