Perennial rudbeckia ndi wa banja la a Astrov, ochokera kumayiko aku North America. Chifukwa cha mawonekedwe ake, duwa lidalandira maina ena - "Suzanne eyed Suzanne" ndi "Hat hat". Pakati pa mitundu ndi mitundu yambiri, oyimira pachaka komanso osatha amapezeka. Zomera zimamera bwino osati mabedi a maluwa ndi mabedi a maluwa, komanso minda wamba.
Mitundu yosatha ya rudbeckia imatha kumera pamalo amodzi kwa zaka zoposa zisanu. Kutalika kwa phesi la maluwa kumatha kutalika mamita awiri, ndipo inflorescence, yofanana ndi chamomile, pafupifupi mainchesi khumi ndi asanu. Gawo lokhala ndi maluwa limakhala pakati pa chilimwe mpaka kumayambiriro kwa Okutobala. Maluwa a Rudbeckia ali ndi toni ziwiri komanso mtundu umodzi, ndipo mawonekedwe ake amakondweretsa osiyanasiyana: ofiira, achikaso, malalanje. Ojambula maluwa amakonda kukula duwa, chifukwa limatengedwa kuti ndi lopanda tanthauzo ndipo silifunikira chisamaliro chapadera komanso nthawi yayitali.
Kulima kwa osakhazikika kwa nthangala za nthangala panthaka
Zomera zam'mere zitha kubzala ndi nthangala, kuzifesa nthawi yomweyo, koma ndizothekanso mbande. Kwa mbande zokulira, zonse panyumba, ndi wowonjezera kutentha, ndi mabedi otseguka pamtunda ndi oyenera.
Kubzala mbewu panthaka
Mukabzala mbewu, rudbeckia imayamba kuphuka chaka chamawa. Ngati mulibe nthawi yosonkhanitsa mbewu za rudbeckia mutatha maluwa, ndiye kuti zipitiliza kukhalabe ndi moyo podzibzala. Potere, musawononge mbewu zophuka kwambiri. Amamera msanga ngati angachepetsa kukula kwa nthawi.
Kubzala nthangala zokhazikika ndikulimbikitsidwa kumapeto kwa June. Dothi pamabedi liyenera kukhala acidic, lotayirira, lopuma, komanso lachonde. Ndibwino ngati dothi loterolo lidzatha kukhalabe chinyezi. Ngati pali dothi lokhala ndi dothi lokwanira kumtunda, ndiye ndikofunika kuwonjezera mchenga pang'ono ndi kompositi mukakumba.
Kubzala mabowo a mbewu za rudbeckia kuyenera kukonzedwa motalikirana osachepera masentimita khumi ndi asanu. Mudabzala nthanga mu dothi lonyowa, muziwaze pamwambapa ndi dothi laling'ono komanso madzi ambiri ndi chosakanizira. Mu Seputembu, maluwa adzaoneka, ndikofunikira kubzala kutali kuti asasokoneze kukula ndi kuyandikira kwa kuyandikira kwawo.
Kubzala mbewu za mbande
Kuti tikule rudbeckia ndi mbande, mbewu zibzalidwe m'mbale zapadera kuzungulira kumapeto kwa nyengo. Nthaka yosakanikirana imathiridwa pansi pa chidebe chokonzedwa, kenako mbewu zimayikidwamo, kenako dothi losaposa sentimita imodzi. Onetsetsani kuti mwanyowetsa nthaka ndi chowaza ndikutchira ndi galasi kapena pulasitiki wowonekera. Kutentha kwa mpweya m'chipindacho momwe muli momwe muliri muyenera kukhala osachepera 20-22 madigiri. Kudzola mankhwalawa kumayenera kukhala kokhazikika komanso koyenera.
Kubza mbande zazing'ono mtunda wautali kwambiri zimachitidwa pamene zimakula, koma osati kale kuposa masamba oyamba atatu. Malo aulere amathandizira pakukula msanga komanso bwino kwa mbande. Ndikulimbikitsidwa kugwiritsa ntchito njira yowumitsa, yomwe ingathandize mbewu zazing'ono kupulumuka nyansi nyengo ndi kusintha kwa kutentha mtsogolo. Monga njira zoyeserera, malo osambira mpweya amafunikira.
Kodi kubzala mbande za rudbeckia panthaka
Mabedi amaluwa ndi maluwa mabedi angabzalidwe ndi mbande za rudbeckia pafupifupi sabata lomaliza la Meyi. Nyengo pofika nthawi ino izikhala yotentha kale, ndipo nthaka ndiyotenthetsedwa. Izi ndizofunikira kwambiri ku mbewu zomwe zimakalamba ndipo makamaka mitundu yake ndi mitundu yake yomwe singakhalebe ndi kutentha kochepa kapena chisanu chamadzulo.
Panthawi yozika mbande za rudbeckia, ndikofunikira kuwunika momwe nyengo ikukhudzira komanso ngati mvula yanyamuka mwadzidzidzi, ndibwino kuphimba mbewu (mwachitsanzo, kuchokera ku agrospan). Pambuyo pozika mizu, palibe kuzizira kwa rudbeckia kovulanso.
Mtunda pakati pa mabowo obzala zimatengera mbewu zamitundu mitundu. Kwa wamtali, ndibwino kusiya osachepera masentimita 70, ndipo kwa mitundu yotsika - masentimita 30 mpaka 40 akhale okwanira. Kukula kwa mbande kumayenerana ndikuzama kwa kukula kwa mbewu mu chidebe. Izi ndizofunikira kwambiri pakukula kwathunthu kwa rudbeckia.
Kuti mbeu ikule bwino komanso kuti ikhale ndi chakudya choyenera, komanso yopanga malo abwino kuti chitukudwe, dothi pamabedi a maluwa liyenera kuphimbidwa ndi mulching wosanjikiza wophatikizana ndi manyowa (pafupifupi mainchesi 10).
Thambo la Rudbeckia
Kubzala kwanyengo ndikulimbikitsidwa mu Marichi kapena Seputembala - Okutobala, koma osagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi ya kukula ndi maluwa. Rudbeckia, yemwe adamera m'malo amodzi kwa zaka 4-5, amasintha kukhala chitsamba chachikulu chomwe chili ndi maluwa ambiri aakazi. Zimasokoneza mzake ndikusintha chomera chotere ndikofunikira.
Choyamba muyenera kufukula mosaka chitsamba chonse, kenako gawani nthambizo m'magawo angapo ndikudzala gawo limodzi palonse pobowera.
Njira zoberekera za rudbeckia ndi chisamaliro chake poyera
Rudbeckia imatha kufalitsa ndi mbewu ndi kugawanika kwa nthangala.
Chomera chimawerengedwa kuti sichabwino, simuyenera kuthera nthawi yambiri mukuwasamalira. Nyengo yadzuwa komanso kuthilira mwadzidzidzi sizowopsa kwa iye. Ndi zaka, rudbeckia amayamba kuvulaza chisanu chomwe chimawoneka m'dzinja.
Ndikofunika kusankha malo omwe mungakonde rudbeckia pamalo pomwe dzuwa limakhala nthawi yambiri, ndipo mphepo ndi zokongoletsa zimawonekera pambiri. Shading yaying'ono komanso yayifupi singavulaze mbewuyo.
Kutsirira kumachitika pokhapokha nthaka ikuma, owonjezera chinyezi ndi osafunika.
Rudbeckia amakula popanda feteleza owonjezera, koma poyambira kukula kwa mbewu, mutha kupanga feteleza wa maluwa.
Ndikulimbikitsidwa kuti muchotse nthawi yake tchire lomwe limamera kale ndikukula. Izi zimathandizira kuti pakhale maluwa atsopano ndi maluwa okangalika.
Mitundu ingapo ya rudbeckia, yomwe imakula kupitirira mita imodzi, imayenera kumangirizidwa kuti zitsamba za mbewuzo zisawonongeke chifukwa cha kulemera kwawo kapena chifukwa cha mphepo.
Rudbeckia pambuyo maluwa
Pambuyo pa miyezi iwiri ndi itatu yamaluwa, rudbeckia imapatsa njere. Ndikofunikira kuti muwapatse nthawi kuti ziume mwachindunji mu inflorescence, ndikuwasonkhanitsa mosamala ndi bulashi. Pambuyo posonkha, njere ziyenera kufalitsidwira papepala ndikusiyidwa m'chipinda chotsegulira mpweya wabwino kufikira ziume kwathunthu.
Zomera zachisanu
Mibulu yokhazikika yam'madzi imayenera kukonzekera nthawi yachisanu. Choyamba, tikulimbikitsidwa kudula mbali zonse zakumtunda kwa duwa, kenako ndikumanga chophimba cha gawo muzu kuchokera masamba adagwa, nthambi za spruce kapena humus.
Rudbeckia pakupanga mawonekedwe
- Amasukulu ambiri a rudbeckia amatha kugunda m'munda.
- Maphunziro otsika amagwiritsidwa ntchito pamalire ndi maluwa.
- Mitundu yonse ndi mitundu ya rudbeckia imaphatikizidwa bwino bwino ndi maluwa ena ndi mbewu zonse zomwe zili m'munda wamaluwa.
Matenda, tizirombo ndi mavuto ena akukula
Mukangokhala ndi kuphwanya kwakukulu mu malamulo a chisamaliro chomera, rudbeckia nthawi yomweyo imakhala yofooka, yotetezeka komanso tizirombo, ndipo matendawa amayamba kulimbana nawo kuchokera mbali zonse nthawi imodzi.
Powdery mildew imatsimikiziridwa ndi kuyanika kwoyera pansi pa chomera. Duwa limatha kuchiritsidwa ndi kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa ndi njira yothetsera 10 malita a madzi ndi magalamu 80 a sulfure yamkuwa.
Nematode imatsimikiziridwa ndi mawanga a bulauni pamasamba. Ngati mbewuyo ndi ya pachaka kapena yamtundu umodzi, ndiye ndikofunikira kuichotsa kwathunthu kuti matendawa asafalikire kwa ena oimira maluwa. Mitundu yosatha ya rudbeckia yomwe imakhudzidwa ndi nematode iyenera kuthandizidwa ndi kukonzekera kwapadera (mwachitsanzo, Nemagon, Bazamid).
Tizilombo tating'onoting'ono tomwe timadya masamba (mwachitsanzo, mbozi), timalimbikitsidwa kuthana ndi tizirombo toyambitsa matenda.
