Jacobinia - Maluwa okongola ochokera kubanja la Acanthus. Alibe maluwa okongola, komanso masamba okongoletsa okongola. Chomera chidapambana mitima ya anthu ambiri olima mundawo chifukwa chowoneka bwino komanso chisamaliro chake.
Mitundu ya Jacobinia imagwirizanitsa mitundu 50 ya mbewu. Izi zimaphatikizapo zitsamba za herbaceous ndi zitsamba. Mwachilengedwe, chilungamo chimapezeka ku Bolivia, Mexico, Brazil. Pali mitundu yocheperako yomwe imamera m'nyumba, ngakhale zonse ndi zokongola mwa njira yawo. Pakati pawo, otchuka kwambiri ndi nyama yofiira komanso yowala Jacobin, komanso Jacobin wa Munda.
Chomera chadzuwa chidalandira dzina lake loyamba polemekeza malowa kum'mwera chakum'mawa kwa Brazil. Awa ndi malo obadwira a Jacobinia. Chilungamo chimayitanitsidwa kulemekeza wokonda dimba ndi wamaluwa wotchuka wochokera ku Scotland, James Justice.
Chilungamo chimadziwika kuti ndi chitsamba chokhazikika chamtunda, chomwe kutalika kwake chimafikira 1.5 metres. Mtengowo uli ndi tsinde lolunjika, lofanana ndi mtundu wa bulauni. Masamba a Jacobinum amatha kukhala obiriwira kapena ofanana, okhala ndi mawonekedwe owundana, omwe amawonekera kumapeto. Maluwa, monga lamulo, amasonkhanitsidwa mumiyala yayikulu yowoneka ngati nthambo. Amawoneka bwino kwambiri chifukwa cha bulangeti yowala yachikasu, lalanje, yapinki, yofiyira kapena yoyera.
Mu shopu yamaluwa, mutha kukumana ndi chomera kawirikawiri. Nthawi zambiri amagulitsidwa m'misika ndi m'malo obisika. Chilungamo chimawoneka wokongola mosasamala nthawi ya chaka. Amawoneka bwino ngakhale osaphuka.
Jacobin amasamalira kunyumba
Kusankha kwampando
Kuti chilungamo chitseguke ndikukula bwino, mbewuyo imayenera kuyima pamalo abwino. Amakonda kuwala kowala koma kosakanikirana. M'nyengo yozizira, sataya dzuwa mwachindunji. M'chilimwe, Jacobin akhoza kutengedwera kunja. Ndipo ngati angaime pawindo, ayenera kutetezedwa ku dzuwa loyatsidwa, makamaka masana. Pogula chomera chatsopano, chimaphunzitsidwa kuyatsa pang'onopang'ono. Ngati duwa lamkati lilibe kuwala kwachilengedwe kokwanira, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito yokumba.
Kutentha
Chilungamo chimakhala choyenera kutentha kwamalo m'chipindacho. Imalekerera kutentha kwa chilimwe, koma onani kutentha kwapamwamba kwambiri kukhala madigiri 20-25. M'nyengo yozizira, amawunika kuti kutentha kwa thermometer sikugwera pansi madigiri 16.
Kwa Jacobinia, amene ali ndi maluwa amodzi, mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya kutentha imafunikira nthawi yozizira, popeza amayamba kuphukira kumayambiriro kwamasika. Amalimbikitsidwa kuti azisungidwa m'zipinda zozizira ndi kutentha kwa madigiri 6-10. Ngati matenthedwe m'chipindacho ndi apamwamba, mwina sangathenso. Poganizira izi, mtundu uwu wa chilungamo suwafunidwa, chifukwa ndizovuta kupereka maluwa abwino.
Kuthirira
M'miyezi yotentha ndi youma, chomera chimakonda kuthirira kwambiri. Chilungamo chimathiriridwa pamene dothi lakumtunda lifota. Potere, madzi sayenera kukhalabe poto. Madzi owonjezera amatha kuvulaza mbewu. M'nyengo yozizira, duwa limathirira madzi, kupatsidwa kutentha m'chipindacho. Kutentha kwambiri, nthawi zambiri mmera umathiriridwa. Koma mulimonsemo, nthawi yachisanu, kuthirira kumachepetsedwa. Mukadzaza chilungamo, chitha kudwala. Kuchokera kuthirira kosakwanira, mbewuyo imatha kutembenukira chikaso ndikugwa masamba.
Chinyezi cha mpweya
Jacobinia amakonda malo achinyezi. Samalekerera mpweya wowuma m'nyumba. Ngati chipindacho ndichotentha komanso chouma, mbewuyo imafufira nthawi zonse. Chilungamo chitha kuthiridwa ndi madzi ofewa, oyimirira. Kuti amve bwino m'nyumba, ikani mphikawo ndi chomeracho mozama ndi dongo kapena dongo lonyowa.
Mavalidwe apamwamba
Chilungamo ndi choyenera kwa feteleza komanso michere yonse. Mu nthawi ya kukula kwambiri amapangidwa kamodzi masiku 10. Mukamagwiritsa ntchito feteleza panthaka, kuchuluka komwe kukufotokozedwa m'malangizo kuyenera kuonedwa. Kupanda kutero, sichimera, koma kungokulitsa unyinji wobiriwira.
Thirani
Jacobinia amatanthauza mbewu zomwe sizikhala ndi ndandanda yokhwima yotulutsa zinthu. Amamuyika pamene akukula. Nthawi zambiri, izi zimachitika kamodzi pachaka, koma nthawi zina zimachitika kuti nthawi yotentha zimasinthidwa katatu. Pothira, nthawi zonse tengani mphika wawukulu pang'ono kuposa woyamba. Ngati mbewuyo singasungidwe m'nthawi yake, imafa. Miphika yayitali kwambiri imadziunjikira chinyezi chambiri. Chilungamo sichichita izi, dothi limadzala. Izi zimakwiyitsa kukula kwa matenda.
Jacobin alibe zofunikira zapadera pamtunda. Ngakhale munda wabwinobwino wamunda ungamuyenerere. Koma mmera umakhala momasuka munthaka ya humus. Zomwe zimapangidwa ndi dothi lapansi zitha kuphatikizidwa ndi pepalalo, peat, humus ndi mchenga (mu chiyerekezo cha 3: 1: 1: 1). Kupewa kuti madzi asazime mu mizu, chisamaliro chimayenera kuthandizidwa kuti zitsime zabwino.
Kudulira
Mndandanda wa zochitika zoyendetsedwa ndi chilungamo ndizopanda kudulira. Kuti mbewuyo ioneke yokongola, nthambi komanso yosangalatsa maluwa ambiri, mphukira zake zimayenera kudulidwa nthawi zonse. Kudulira kumachitika kumayambiriro kasupe, maluwa asanakhale. Ndikofunika kufupikitsa mphukira ndi wachitatu. Koma ngati muwadula pakati, palibe vuto ndi mtengowo. Mitu itatu pa mphukira idzakhala yokwanira. Mphukira zatsopano zokhala ndi maluwa zimamera ndipo mbewuyo itaphuka bwino.
Kuswana
Njira yosavuta yopezera mbadwa zatsopano za mbewu ndikufalitsa mawu pogwiritsa ntchito kudula. Mwa njirayi, kudula komwe kumatsalira pambuyo pokonza kumagwiritsidwa ntchito. Amakhala ndi mizu mosavuta, sikudzakhala mavuto. Kuti muzike mizu bwino, kutentha m'chipindacho kuyenera kukhala osachepera 20-23 madigiri. Shank imakutidwa ndi chipewa kapena kuyikamo mini-greenhouse. Kutenthetsera m'munsi kumathandizira kuti njira zodzaza mizu izithandizira. Mizu imapangidwa mwachangu ngati zigawozo zimathandizidwa kale ndi chowonjezera mizu.
Pambuyo pakupanga mizu, zodulidwazo zimasinthidwa kukhala miphika yayikulu yotalika masentimita 9-11. Kuti mapangidwe a mbewu awoneke okongola, zodulidwa zitatu zingabzalidwe mumphika umodzi nthawi imodzi. Pamene nsonga zawo zimakula, kutsina katatu. Kenako a Jacobin apanga nthambi. Ngati zonse zachitika molondola, chilungamo chidzaphuka mchaka choyamba mutabzala. Zomera zobzalidwa mu March nthawi zambiri zimayamba kutulutsa mu kugwa.
Tizilombo ndi zovuta zotheka
Jacobinia amalimbana ndi matenda, mawonekedwe a tizilombo toyambitsa matenda. Ndi chisamaliro cholakwika komanso mpweya wouma m'chipindacho, ungathe kuwukira ndi mphere. Maonekedwe a nkongono akuwonetsedwa ndi masamba achikasu ndi kangaude wa siliva pa iwo. Kuti muchotse tizilombo, ndikofunikira kuchotsa masamba odwala. Zikatero, mbewuyo imapakidwa madzi nthawi zambiri, kutsukidwa ndi madzi ofunda. Ngati izi sizithandiza, chilungamo chimachitidwa ndi wosewera.
Ngati Jacobinum adayamba kusiya masamba, kuthirira kuyenera kuwunikiranso. Izi zimatha kuchitika kuchokera ku chinyezi chambiri kapena kuwola mopitirira muyeso. Masamba akakula bwino, ndipo chomera sichikufuna kuphuka, chidadyetsa feteleza. Masamba achilungamo akatembenukira chikasu, mbewuyo ilibe kuwala okwanira. Zomwe zimayambitsa masamba zimatha kuchepetsedwa chinyezi mchipindacho.
