Kodi rasipiberi amafuna chiyani?

Cholinga chachikulu cha wosamalira mundawo ndikututa zipatso zabwino kwambiri, zipatso zabwino kapena zipatso. Kuti izi zitheke, chikhalidwe chilichonse chimafunikira chisamaliro chakanthawi yake, kutsatira zofunika pakukula ndi ukadaulo waulimi. Kuyambira koyambirira kwa nyengo yophukira mpaka kumapeto kwa nyengo yophukira, wosamalira mundawo amagwira ntchito pamalo ake. Koma kuti ntchitoyi ikhale pachabe, muyenera kudziwa momwe mungasamalire bwino mbewu. Lero tikulankhula za momwe tingatengere mbewu yayikulu paminda ya rasipiberi ...

Masamba a rasipiberi amakhala ndi kuthirira, kudula, kumasula dothi, kugwiritsa ntchito feteleza, kuthana ndi matenda ndi tizirombo, ndi kumangirira mphukira mpaka trellis.

Kupanga kwa kutumphuka kwa nthaka ndikuwonekera kwa maudzu kwamphamvu kumachepetsa kukula kwa raspulosi, kotero kulumikizanso nthawi yake kwakanthawi ndikofunikira. Kutula koyamba kwa kasupe kumachitika mwachangu. Kuchiza kwakanthawi kumapereka mwayi wofikira kumizu, chinyezi m'nthaka chimakhala nthawi yayitali komanso yabwino komanso yabwino imapangidwa kuti pakhale michere yopindulitsa. Zingwe zomata zimakhwimitsidwa ndikuya pafupifupi masentimita 10-15, ndipo mizere - ndi masentimita 5-8. kumasula ndi kudula ziyenera kumalizidwa masamba asanatseguke, kuchedwa ndi njira zaulimi kumachepetsa kwambiri rasipiberi. Chithandizo chotsatira chimachitika ngati kupangika kwa nthaka kutumphuka ndi maonekedwe a namsongole, nyengo yonseyo - kumasula kwa 4-6. Yotsirizira imachitidwa ndi kusintha kwa masanjidwe kumapeto kwa nthawi yophukira, kumapeto kwa kukula kwa mbewu. Poterepa, tizirombo tokhala pansi timagwera pansi kwambiri ndikufa, ndipo tizirombo tating'onoting'ono tating'ono kwambiri m'nthaka, m'malo mwake, timapezeka pamtunda ndikufa chifukwa cha chisanu. Simungathe kukweza mbewu nthawi yachisanu, chifukwa masamba omwe mphukira zatsopano zimakhazikika pamwamba pa nthaka, ndipo mbewu zatsopano zimafooketsedwa chaka chamawa. Mukalima minda, kufunika kumasula kumatha.

Kodi chimapangitsa ntchito ndi chiyani ngati rasipiberi?

Choyamba, kuchokera munthawi yake komanso chokwanira chokwanira chinyontho, makamaka kumwera, komwe sikungatheke kupeza zokolola zambiri popanda kuthilira kwanyumba. Chovuta cholakwika kwambiri kuthirira raspberries ndikuti wamaluwa amamwe madzi pang'ono tsiku lililonse. Kutsirira koteroko kumatha kuonedwa ngati kotsitsimula, popeza chinyezi chimanyowetsa pamwamba panthaka, osalowera muzu. Ndikwabwino kuchita zochulukirapo koma zochulukirapo kuthirira, kotero kuti mizu yake (25-35 cm) imanyowa. Kuchuluka kwa kuthirira kumakhazikitsidwa kutengera nyengo, madzi osungidwa m'nthaka komanso nthawi yayitali ya rasipiberi. Kuthirira musanafike maluwa komanso nthawi ya kukula ndi kucha kwa zipatso ndizofunikira kwambiri. Panthawi yokolola, kuthirira kumachitika mukatha kusonkhanitsa zipatso, kuti potsatira lonselo dziko lisathe. Mlingo wothirira - 30-40 l / m2. Chakumapeto kwa nthawi yophukira, kuti kuwonjezera chinyezi posungira nthawi yachisanu, kuthirira yambiri kumachitika pa mlingo wa 50-60 l / m2. Mukakhala kuti kuthiririra bwino kumalizidwa, ndiye kuti mphukira zimatha yozizira.

Kumbukirani kuti kuthirira madzi kumatha kuyambitsa ma raspberries kuwonongeka kochepa ngati chilala. Kuopsa kwake sikugona kokha poti mpweya sungathe kufalikira mizu, komanso chifukwa chakuti dothi pankhaniyi limayamba kuzizira kwambiri, chifukwa kutentha kwa dzuwa sikumawotcha moto wake, koma chifukwa chakuwuluka kwa chinyezi. Izi zimachedwetsa kukula kwa mbewu, makamaka masika.

Chifukwa chake, chinyezi chopezeka munthaka chiyenera kuyang'aniridwa ndikusimidwa nthawi yamvula, nthawi yabwino yotsirira.

Kutsirira kumachitika m'njira zingapo. Sprinkling imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'minda yamaluwa. Nthawi zambiri amathiriridwa madzi mwachindunji kuchokera paipi kapena mitundu yambiri yamathiridwe amaikidwa. Ndi njira zoterezi, kuthamanga kwamadzi ndikwambiri kwambiri, chifukwa si mbewu zochepa zokha zomwe zimamwe madzi, komanso ma kanjira. Kuchulukitsa kopitilira muyeso pazachuma. Kuzungulira mizera ya rasipiberi, odzigudubuza amatenga ndi kutalika kwa 10-15 masentimita, kuti mbewuzo zili pang'onopang'ono, zomwe amadzaza, mophweka mwa kuyika payipi. Mukathirira mwachindunji kuchokera kuzitsime, osathira madzi, nthaka imazizira kwambiri, zomwe zimakhudza kukula ndi zipatso za raspberries. Kuphatikiza apo, mukakonkha ndi kuthilira kuthilira ndikovuta kukwaniritsa chinyezi chofanana cha nthaka. Zomwe zingalimbikitse kwambiri ndi ulimi wothirira, momwe mungathere kuthira madzi ndi feteleza ku mizu, madziwo amalowa mu gawo lotenthetsedwa, dothi limanyowa mosiyanasiyana m'mizere yonse.

Kulima minda yambiri kumachepetsa kufunika kothirira katatu.

Kubzala rasipiberi kumadaliranso chonde. Mukapanga pre-kubzala miyeso ya feteleza mu zaka ziwiri zoyambirira, mutha kuchita popanda kuthira feteleza. Komabe, zokolola zikamachuluka, rasipiberi amachotsa michere yambiri m'nthaka. Mabatire ambiri amachitika chifukwa chakukoka, komanso namsongole wochotsedwa, ana owonjezera pachaka, zina zonse zotayika izi ziyenera kupangidwa. Kuphatikiza apo, rasipiberi amawononga michere yambiri popanga ana ambiri a mizu ndi mphukira zothandizira. Chifukwa chake, kuyambira chaka chachitatu chogwira ntchito, minda yamavalidwe imafunika kuvala pafupipafupi. Pokhapokha mutatha kudalira zipatso zambiri zazikulu.

Asanalowe fruiting, mbewu zimangopatsidwa feteleza wa nayitrogeni. Chapakatikati, asanalime dothi, ammonium nitrate amawonjezeredwa - 15-20 g / m2, nitroammophoska - 30-50 g / m2 kapena 50 g wa superphosphate, 15 g wa feteleza wa ammonium ndi 20-30 g wa feteleza wa potashi amagwiritsidwa ntchito kupangira zipatso. Mukatha kukolola, 50-80 g ya nitroammophoska kapena 20-30 g wa ammonium nitrate, 60 g ya superphosphate ndi 20-30 g wa feteleza wa potashi umagwiritsidwa ntchito pa 1 m2. Pakutha kwa nyengo yokulira, kuyambira chaka chachitatu, feteleza wachilengedwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito - 3-4 kg / m2, kuwabalalitsa pansi pa tchire.

Raspulosi amapanga ambiri mphukira m'malo ndi mizu mphukira. Mukasiya mphukira zonse zikulira, posachedwa iwo azikhala m'malo onse aulere. Ndikosatheka kusamalira mabowo okhuthala, kupatula apo, dothi limatha msanga m'malo oterowo, ndipo zokolola zimachepetsedwa kwambiri. Chiwerengero cha mphukira chiyenera kukhala chofanana. Zokolola zochuluka zitha kupezeka ndi mzere wa pafupifupi masentimita 50 (kapena mphukira 12-15 pamtunda wa mita, kapena mphukira 6-7 pachitsamba chilichonse). Mu Meyi, pomwe mphukira zazing'ono zimakula mpaka 20-25 masentimita, mphukira 10-20 zimasiyidwa kuthengo, ndipo kumapeto kwa chaka chamawa zimagwira mawonekedwe omaliza, kudula mphukira zofowoka komanso zowonongeka pamunsi pomwepo, osasiya hemp. Mphukira rasipiberi zomwe zimaphwa zimafa ndipo zimayenera kuchotsedwa. Ngati izi sizichitika mukangopanga zipatso, kuyanika mphukira kumachotsa zakudya zina mwa ana. Mphukira zodulidwa ndizowotchera bwino, chifukwa zimakhala ndi tizirombo ndi tizirombo. Popeza nsonga za mapesi a rasipiberi sizibereka, amalangizidwa kuti afupikitse ndi masentimita 10-15. Kudina malimwe kumagwiritsidwanso ntchito polimbikitsa kukula - mu June, mphukira zazing'ono zimakhomedwa pamtunda wa 90-100 cm, kulimbikitsa kukula kwa mphukira zotsogola. Pofika kugwa, amakwanitsa kumaliza ntchitoyi ndikukonzekera nthawi yozizira. Pa mphukira iyi, zipatso zowirikiza kawiri zimayikidwa mobwerezabwereza kuposa zomwe sizinakhazikike, motero, ndipo zipatso zake ndizochulukirapo katatu.

Kuti mphukira zomwe zimalemera zipatsozi sizigona pansi osaphulika, mchaka, mukamachita kudulira kwabwinobwino, zimamangiriridwa kumiyendo. Pakukhazikitsa trellis m'mizere iliyonse 5-8 mamilimita, mzati umayikidwa kutalika pafupifupi mamitala awiri, mizere iwiri imakokedwa pakati pawo, komwe mphukira zimamangidwa, ndikugawa nawo chimodzimodzi masentimita 7-10. Mutha kuchita popanda garter: Mitengo yotalika masentimita 130-150 imakoka zingwe ziwiri za waya pamtunda wa 10 cm kuchokera kwa wina. Zimayambira zimadutsa pakati pawo, kuti waya singasunthe, umakokedwa pamodzi ndimakanema. Ikani ndi T-mawonekedwe ojambulidwa T. Waya pa iyo imakokedwa mtunda wa 1 mita kuchokera kwa wina. Gawo la mphukira limamangidwa mbali imodzi, mbali ina kupita mbali ina - iyi ndi garter mbali ziwiri. Mphukira zowala zimaphatikizidwa kumayendedwe, ndipo mphukira zazing'ono zimakula pakati pa mzere ndipo sizisokoneza kukula kwa zipatso.

Ndikofunika kukolola munthawi yake, chifukwa rasipiberi wobiriwira kwambiri sataya mayendedwe ake ndipo amakhala wopanda vuto. Pogwiritsa ntchito masamba, mabulosiwo amakololedwa kwathunthu, ndikuchichotsa pamunsi. Zoyenda mtunda wautali - pang'ono. Posachedwa, m'misika, zipatso zosakanizidwa ndi wobzala zatchuka kwambiri. Mtengo wa zipatso zotere ndiwokwera kwambiri kuposa zipatso zopanda spawner.