Madeti obzala masamba a mbande zamadera osiyanasiyana

Kwa okonda minda yakunyumba, nyengo imayamba. Kubzala zamtsogolo zamasamba okondedwa zomwe zakonzedwa, komwe kumadera ozizira kumatha kubzala mbeu zokha. Momwe mungakhazikitsire nthawi yoyenera kufesa mbewu kuti mupeze nthawi yake ndikubzala mbande zathanzi panthaka kapena pa wowonjezera kutentha? Olimi odziwa zamaluwa poyesa ndi kulakwitsa, zaka zambiri zaukadaulo adadziikira masiku a kufesa mbewu zosiyanasiyana za mbande. Oyambira mukukula mbande amatha kugwiritsa ntchito upangiri wathu.

Chonde dziwani kuti madeti ofesa nthangala za mbande pazinthuzo ndiwothandiza. Kuti muwerengedwe kolondola, gwiritsani ntchito njira zomwe zafotokozedwazo: "Kuwerengera nthawi yomwe kufesa mbewu zamasamba mbewu zam'mera."

Mbande zamasamba zamasamba.

Masamba, monga lamulo, adachokera ku ma kontinenti ndi maiko kumene nyengo yopanda chisanu imakhala pafupifupi chaka chonse ndipo mbewu zimatha kumaliza nyengo yawo yonse yotseguka. Ku Russia, kumwera kokha kwa dziko ndi kumene kuli madera, kumene nyengo yotentha yokhala ndi kutentha kokwanira kumakhala pafupifupi masiku 180 pachaka (Gome 1). Gawo lalikulu la Russia limaphatikizapo zigawo zomwe kuchuluka kwa kutentha kumatalika, kutalika kwa nyengo yotentha, kuyambika kwa nyengo yotentha ndi nyengo yoyamba chisanu kumasiyana kwambiri ndi zomwe zimafunikira mbewu zamasamba. Mwachidziwikire, nthawi ya chaka chimadalira izi, pomwe zingatheke kufesa mbewu zamasamba mbewu zam'mera, kenako - m'malo otetezeka.

Gome 1. Kutalika ndi nyengo ya chisanu yopanda chisanundi zigawo za Russia

Madera akumpoto komanso m'chigawo chapakati cha Russia, kuchuluka kwa masiku opanda chisanu kumasintha kuyambira masiku 65 mpaka 90, komwe kumachepetsa kupanga masamba kudzera muulimi wotseguka, makamaka mbewu zomwe nthawi yake imakula imadutsa masiku 90 kapena kuposerapo (Table 2). M'madera ozizira, zipatso zamasamba zokhala ndi nthawi yayitali yolima zitha kupezeka kudzera mbande zokha, zomwe 1/3, ndipo nthawi zina 1/2 ya nthawi yawo yobzala imakula ndikukula mwachilengedwe.

Gome 2. Nthawi yamasamba a mbewu zina zamasamba

Kutentha kwakutali kwa zigawo zakum'mwera sikumapatula kugwiritsa ntchito dothi lotetezedwa polimitsa zinthu zamasamba kudzera mbande zomwe zili m'nkhokwe. Koma pankhaniyi, cholinga chachikulu ndicho kulandira chaka chilichonse zinthu zogulitsa kapena zinthu zoyambirira pamsika ndi banja.

Gome 3. Kutalika kwa masiku kufesa mbewu zamasamba zakumwera kwa Russia ndi CIS

Kubzala mitundu yatsopano yazipatso zamasamba, obereketsa nthawi zonse amakhala "omangika" ku nyengo za dera kapena chigawo. Izi zimapangitsa kuti pakhale mitundu yomwe imabweretsedwa ndikuzolowera kusokera kwanyengo m'deralo. Tsiku lofesa kapena pafupifupi la kubzala limasonyezedwa nthawi zonse phukusi ndi nthangala ndi mndandanda wapadera wazipatso zamitundu yosiyanasiyana ndi mitundu yophatikizika ya mbewu zamasamba.

Kwa mbewu zowoneka bwino, nthawi yofananira yofesa mbewu za mbande (broccoli, letesi yodula, nkhaka ndi zina) ili ndi gawo lalikulu, lomwe limaphatikizapo mbewu zingapo panthawi inayake, kuti kuwonjezera nthawi yopeza zokolola zam'munda zatsopano (Tebulo 4).

Tebulo 4. Akuyerekeza masiku obzala mbewu zamasamba ku Central Black Earth Region ku Russia

Nthawi yodzala mbewu zamasamba zanyengo m'madera ozizira zimaperekedwa chifukwa chakukula kwa mbande. Ngati mbande zakumwera zikuwoneka patadutsa masiku 3 mpaka 10, ndiye kuti kutentha pang'ono pang'onopang'ono kwa dothi kumpoto kumakulitsa kuonekera kwa mbande mpaka masiku 20 mpaka 35, zomwe zimakhudza kukonzeka kwa mbande kuti zibzalidwe m'nthaka.

Kutsatira nyengo yolimbikitsidwa yofesa mbewu za mbande, ndikofunikira kuyang'ana pakusintha kwanyengo m'derali. Ngati kasupe wayandikira, kufesa kumatha kuchitika masiku 5-10 kale kuposa masiku omwe akuwonetsedwa. Ndi kasupe wozizira kwambiri, kufesa kumakhazikitsidwa tsiku lina. Chifukwa chake, tsiku lakufikira pamalo okhazikika lidzasinthidwanso (tsamba 5, 6).

Mbande za letesi.

Gome 5. Kutalika kwa masiku obzala masamba ku Russia chapakati

Tebulo 6. Akuyerekeza masiku oti mubzale mbewu zamasamba mbande za zigawo za Urals ndi Siberian

Mutha kufotokoza bwino za momwe zinthu zamalizidwira pa nthawi yofesa mbewu za mbande malinga ndi kuchuluka kwa malo amderalo, chifukwa nthawi yofesa mitengo yambiri imasiyana pakubzala mpaka mwezi umodzi chifukwa madera ambiri amderali omwe ali ndi nyengo zosiyanasiyana. Ngati tikuganizira za nyengo za mdera lirilonse m'derali, nthawi yomwe ogwiritsa ntchito akufesa mbewu ndikubzala mbande sizingafanane kwambiri ndi zomwe zili patebulo. M'madera ozizira, mukamera mbande, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito nthawi yofananira yofesa mbande. Kukula masamba mu wowonjezera kutentha, mbande ziyenera kukhala zokonzeka kubzala pa Meyi 10-20, komanso panthaka - osati kale kuposa nyengo yachisanu, kapena pa June 10-15.

Gome 7. Kutalika kwa masiku obzala mbewu zamasamba za mbande za zigawo za Far East

Chigawo cha Far Eastern Federal chili ndi anthu 9 a Federa, pomwe ena mwa iwo ndi omwe amatha kulima mbewu zamasamba m'malo otetezeka kapena osabisala. Kutalika kwa nthawi yopanda chisanu m'derali kuyambira masiku 90-170. Madera abwino kwambiri obzala masamba ndi Primorsky Krai, Khabarovsk ndi Amur Regions. Tebulo limawonetsa nthawi yofesa mbewu zazikulu zamasamba komanso kuchuluka kwa nthawi yodzala mbande m'malo otetezedwa kapena malo osungika osungika.

Masiku ano, obereketsa amapereka mitundu yambiri yosankha, masiku obzala omwe mbande zimasiyana mosiyanasiyana. Zolakwika pakupeza nthawi yofesa mbewu zimatha kubzala mbande zazing'ono kwambiri kapena zakula pamalo osatha. Mwachiwonekere, nthawi yofesa mbande imawerengeredwa kuti izisinthasintha pamalingaliro amoto wam'munda. Mutha kugwiritsa ntchito njira zowerengera kuti mumvetse bwino nthawi yakubzala mbewu ndikubzala mbande m'nthaka, zoperekedwa munkhaniyi "Kuwerengera nthawi yomwe kufesa mbewu zamasamba kubzala.

Yang'anani! Chonde lembani ndemanga patsamba lino mukabzala masamba anu a mbewu. Musaiwale kuwonetsa chikhalidwe, dera komanso malo obzala (lotseguka kapena lotetezedwa). Zikomo!