Bacopa yokwanira ndi aquarium Kulima Mbeu kubzala ndi chisamaliro

Momwe mungakulire bacopa

Bacopa (lat. Bacopa) - yemwe amadziwikanso kuti Blutopia kapena Suthera. Ichi ndi chomera chamtundu wa herbaceous chomwe chimachokera ku mtundu wabanja la plantain. Pakadali pano, pafupifupi mitundu 70 yamitundu iyi. Mndandandawu umaphatikizapo madzi (hydatophytes) ndi okonda madzi (hydrophytes). Izi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga zokongoletsera zamaluwa pamtunda ndi m'madzi (ma aquariums, m'maiwe).

Dziko la Sooter ndi chigwa cha maropa ku South Africa, komwe kuthengo kumakhala madera akuluakulu. Ku Europe ndi Russia kumawoneka ngati chomera chapamwamba, chimamera chifukwa cha kukongoletsa ziwembu kapena zipinda pomwe china chachilendo chimafunikira. Chifukwa chake, ndizovuta kunena kuti ndizotchuka kwambiri pakati pa alimi a maluwa, koma posachedwa kufunikira kwa izi kwawonjezeka kwambiri.

Kufotokozera kwa Bacopa

Chisamaliro cha Bacopa ndi Kukula

Chomwe chimasiyanitsa ndizomwe zimapezeka ndikuti mbewuyo imachokera ku Africa yotentha, chifukwa chake sililekerera kutentha pang'ono. Zimayambira zokwawa, zokwawa, mphukira zimapatsa mizu mwachangu, Bacopa imakula mwachangu.

Mmodzi mwa oimira otchuka kwambiri pamtunduwu ndi Bacopa wopambana.
Mitunduyi imapangidwa mwapadera kuti ikulime m'maluwa amaluwa (muli) odzazidwa ndi dziko lapansi. Kukula kwambiri, kwakutali, kotetemera kumapangika kukhala mafunde ataliatali, obowoka kapena obowola.

Masamba ndi ang'ono, owumbidwa ndi dzira ndi serration, ali ndi mtundu wobiriwira wobiriwira kapena wobiriwira wa azitona. Imayamba kutulutsa mu June ndi buluu, buluu kapena kusakanizidwa ndi belu loyera kapena mawonekedwe owoneka ngati nyenyezi zisanu. Maluwa amapezeka m'malo ophukira. Maluwa amatha kumapeto, pomwe mphukira zatsopano zimaleka kupanga.

Nthawi zamaluwa olimba zimachitikanso mafunde: zitatha pang'ono, maluwa amatumphukiranso, ndipo amaphimba mbali zake ndi nyenyezi zowala za buluu. Kwa nyengo yozizira, mbewu ziyenera kusamutsidwa kuchipinda chofunda chomwe kutentha sikumatsika ndi zero. Pakadali pano, chisamaliro chimachepetsedwa ndikungothirira.

Bacarium ya aquarium imadziwikanso kwambiri.
Kukongoletsa kodabwitsa kwamadziwe ndi ma aquarium, kumachulukana mosavuta, kumawoneka bwino, ndikulowa m'gawo lomwe lapatsidwa.

Chomera chimakhala chosazindikira, chifukwa chake mwana akhoza kukula bacopa.

Kufalitsa ndikukhazikitsa kwa Bacopa yochulukirapo komanso yamadzi

Kumbukirani:
Ndikwabwino kubzala Bacopa kasupe, ndikupanga ikamatera mphukira zatsopano. Izi zimachitika kuti chaka chilichonse chotsatira mbewuzo zisamakulidwe. Mfuti zimatengedwa pa tsinde la amayi. Chifukwa chake, duwa limasinthidwa pachaka popanda kusokoneza zokongoletsera ndi maluwa.

Chomera, monga zina zambiri, chimatha kufalitsa zipatso ndi mbewu. Njira yamasamba ikuphatikiza kubzala zipatso zodulidwa ndi mphukira zomwe zinatengedwa pamtengo. Poyamba, ngati palibe chokulirapo chokulirapo, ndibwino kugwiritsa ntchito kudula, kumakhala kosavuta ndipo mbande zimamera pachaka chimodzi. Ngati pazifukwa zilizonse mukuganiza zoyesa kubzala mbewu kuchokera ku mbewu, ndiye kuti zitha kugulidwa m'masitolo apadera, kapena pa intaneti ya intaneti (njira zokulira kuchokera pambewu pansipa).

Kufalikira ndi kudula

Kudula bacopa ndikosavuta kwambiri ngakhale kwa oyamba kumene

Kufalitsa ndi kudula kumachitika podzala ndi mizu yomwe yataphuka kale. Kwa odulidwa, ndibwino kutenga nsonga za mphukira, kuzidula kuti masamba awiri kapena atatu akhalebe pamtengo. Kutalika kwa zodula kumayenera kukhala 5-8 cm.

Zidutswa za bakopy m'mabotolo amadzi

Kuti uthandizire mapangidwe a mizu, odulidwa amadamizidwa m'madzi ndikukula mphamvu zomwe zimaphatikizika. Pambuyo pakuwonekera kwa zingwe zingapo za mizu, kudula kungabzalidwe m'nthaka yokonzedwa.

Momwe mungabzale chithunzi cha bacopa

Kubalana ndi mizu

Bacopa aquarium Monieri Bacopa Monnieri mbewu zamadziwe chithunzi

Kusankhidwa kwa njira kumatha kuchitika ngati kuwonda kwa mbewu kumachitika ndikuwonjezeranso njira ndi mizu. Nthawi yoyenera yolekanitsa njira ndi mizu ya amayi ndi nthawi yozizira pamene Bacopa akupuma.

Kufalitsa pang'onopang'ono

Kubalana kwa Bacopa monieri mwa kuyala

Njira yakulera iyi ndi yosavuta komanso yothandiza, imapereka zotsatira zabwino. Kukwaniritsidwa kumachitika motere: - chotengera (bokosi) lomwe lili ndi nthaka yachonde; anayikidwa pafupi ndi chitsamba chachikulu cha Bacopa; maluwa ambiri amatayika pansi ndikuwazidwa, pambuyo pake kuthirira kumachitika. Mphukira ikakhala m'nthaka, imayamba mizu. Kenako imasiyanitsidwa ndi tsinde lalikulu ndikuyimilira pamalo ophuka. Chifukwa chake, mbewu zingapo zopangidwa bwino zimatha kupezeka munyengo.

Kukula bacopa kuchokera kumbewu kunyumba ndi kunja

Kukula bakopa kuchokera kumbewu kunyumba

Pawindo, kukula mbande za bacopa ndikosavuta. Mukadzala liti mbande? Ndizotheka kufesa kale muFebruary, mpaka kumapeto kwa masika.

Popeza mbewu za bacopa ndizochepa kwambiri, ndibwino kungowazinga pang'ono pang'onopang'ono pamtunda wakonzedwa. Limodzi mwa nyimbo zomwe zalimbikitsidwa: gawo limodzi la peat, gawo la masamba otayira, magawo awiri amchenga wamtsinje, magawo awiri a humus. Asanasakanize mchenga wamtsinje, ndikofunikira kuti mulowe mu uvuni, munkawotcha madigiri 100 kwa maola awiri kapena atatu. Olima "aulesi" angafune kuti asamapusitse mitu yawo, koma kungopanga dothi lokonzedwa bwino la maluwa. Ili ndi katundu wofunikira wa hygroscopic, imakhala yotayirira, motero, imakhala ndi zinthu zachilengedwe komanso michere.
Mbewu zitha kupanikizidwa pang'onopang'ono ndi kanjedza kuti zikakanikizidwire pansi, ndikuwaza pang'onopang'ono pamwamba pa atomizer.
Ndikofunikira kuphimba chidebe ndi filimu kapena galasi, sankhani malo oti akhale otentha, koma osatentha. 18-20 ° C ndi chokwanira.
Mukawona mphukira yoyamba, onetsetsani kuti mukuchotsa filimuyo kuti mbewu zisadwale kapena sizazolowere malo omwe adatsekedwedwa, kukhala osabatizidwa nthawi zonse.
Kutsirira kuyenera kukhala kokulirapo, onetsetsani kuti madziwo samayenda. Chofunikira kwambiri ndikuchotsekera bwino (muyenera kukhala ndi mabowo pansi pazotengera).
Masamba oyamba awiri enieniwo akawonekera, sungani mbandezo m'mbale. Njira yosavuta yochitira izi ndi koloko yazotsetsereka kapena mano: gwedezani mizu ndi dothi lapansi ndikusunthira kumalo atsopano, mutakonzekera dzenje. Sichabwino kupsinjika mwamphamvu, ndikokwanira kungodzaza dziko lapansi ndikuwakhetsa ndi madzi, omwe aphatikiza dothi losakanikirana.
Ndikofunika kuti muzidula masamba kwakanthawi, kuwachotsa pawindo ladzuwa. Pambuyo pa masiku awiri ndi atatu, mbande za bacopa zidzaphukira pang'ono kuchokera ku nkhawa ndikuyamba kupanga mizu yatsopano, kubwezeretsa turgor (tsamba elasticity).

Ampoule bacopa itha kukhala yokhwima pambewu zampikisano za peat

Kukuzizira kwa masika pakangodutsa ndipo palibe choopseza chisanu, mbande zibzalidwe pabedi lamaluwa. Musaiwale kuti pakadali pano mbewu zimayenera kuzolowera dzuwa komanso dzuwa. Chifukwa chake, tsiku lililonse, masabata awiri musanabzale, tengani mbewuzo kukhonde kapena poyambira, kuyambira ola limodzi kapena awiri, onjezerani nthawi yolimba. Patsiku lomaliza asanabzalire, mbewu zizikhala mumsewu usiku.

Chithunzi cha mbande

Momwe mungabzalire mbande za bacopa, onani vidiyo:

Kukula mbande za bacopa kuchokera panthaka palinso zinthu zotsatirazi:

M'pofunika kukonzekera dothi losakaniza bwino.
Mbewu zofesedwa “nthawi yachisanu” isanachitike, chifukwa cha ichi, nthaka imaphwanyika pabedi lokonzedwa, mbewu zimayikidwa panthaka ndikusenda pang'ono.
Kenako pamwamba pa kama pake amaphimbidwa ndi masamba okugwa 1 - 2 cm ndikulondera ndikusiya pansi pa chisanu.

Bwerani zothandiza
Olima odziwa zamaluwa amapereka upangiri: Mbewu za chomera ndizochepa kwambiri, zimayenera kusakanizika ndi mchenga wabwino pa 1: 5, mchenga sukulola kuti mbewu zisungidwe ndi mphepo yamkuntho ndikuzigawana mozungulira mabedi.

Chapakatikati, matalala akasungunuka ndikusintha kutentha, bedi limatsekedwa ndi galasi kapena filimu yowoneka bwino, masamba oyipidwa amachotsedwa, kulola kuti mbewuzo zikulire bwino. Kusamalira zophukira ndikusunga kutentha m'malo obiriwira 18-20 madigiri, ndikunyowetsa nthaka. Zikumera zikakhala zolimba mokwanira, zimasinthidwa kupita kumalo okhazikika, nthawi yomweyo ndikuviika mizu yayitali.

Kubzala mbande za bacopa poyera

Bacopa mbande zakonzeka kubzala

Mbande zobzalidwa zibzalidwe m'malo osankhidwa okhazikika m'zaka khumi zapitazi za mwezi waMay, wokondedwa ndi onse. Nthawi yomweyo, malinga ndi alimi odziwa bwino zamasamba, ndibwino kubzala mitundu yomwe ili ndi maluwa oyera. Mtunduwu umakhazikika poyera, ndipo umakula bwino.
Ngati mumakonderabe rbacop ndi maluwa amtambo wabuluu, muyenera kuyang'anira mosamala, kuonetsetsa kuthirira ndi kuvala kwapamwamba nthawi zonse.

Kapangidwe ka dziko lapansi kayenera kukhala:

kuwala, mchenga wabwinoko;
popanda zigawo zazikulu;
wolemera ndi feteleza wovuta wa maluwa;
ziyenera kudutsa mpweya bwino;
vermiculite ikhoza kuwonjezeredwa kuti ikonzere kukhetsa madzi.

Mbande imazika bwino mpaka tsamba lachiwiri, lomwe liyenera kukhala pamwamba, thunthu loikidwa lipereka mizu yowonjezerapo, kubzala koteroko kumathandizanso kuti tsinde likhale losalala.

Pambuyo pakufika kosamalira

Momwe mungakulire bacopa

Mukangobzala zodulidwazo, ziyenera kuphimbidwa ndi filimu kapena chophimba kuti tisunge yoyesayesa mkati mwa wowonjezera kutentha ndikukhalanso chinyezi pansi. Izi wowonjezera kutentha ziyenera kuyatsidwa bwino, koma kuwunika mwachindunji kuyenera kupewedwa pansi pa kanema. Pambuyo pakuwonekera kwa mphukira yoyamba, ndibwino kutsina nsonga kuti mphukira iperekenso mphukira. Kanemayo amachotsedwa atamera mphamvu ndipo vuto la chisanu latha.

Chomera chachikulu sichimafuna chisamaliro chochuluka:

Kusamalira dziko lapansi monyowa ndikofunikira kuti madzi azisamalidwa bwino;
pamene ikukula, kuphatikiza feteleza wama mineral ndi organic ndikofunikira.

Malangizo:

Poika mbewu mbande, ndikofunikira kuonetsetsa kuti mizuyo imayambiranso pansi.
Kudyetsa koyamba kwa mbande kuyenera kukhala pafupifupi sabata limodzi.
Pofuna kupewa matenda a mizu yokhala ndi zowola zosiyanasiyana, ndikofunikira kuti nthaka isakhale yonyowa, osapukuthira mophatikiza osapumira.
Pamabedi kuti zikumere, ndi bwino kupanga njira yopopera madzi.
Zelentsy, yemwe adakulitsidwa m'chipinda chofunda, ayenera kulimbitsidwa pogwiritsa ntchito njira yapadera. Kwenikweni, izi ndizovuta kwa nthawi ndi nthawi kutulutsa kwa kutentha.

Kugwiritsa

Chifukwa cha kubereka kwambiri komanso kukula, bacopa yapeza ntchito kuti ikule m'malo opangira matalala. Mafunde okhala ngati mafunde obiriwira omwe amatuluka mumtambo wamtambo kapena oyera amawoneka abwino kwambiri motsutsana ndi kumbuyo kwa zokutira khoma.

Chofunika Bacopa Care

Chithunzi cha Blue Bacopa Abunda Colossal Sky Blue Bacopa

Maluwawa safuna kusamalidwa. Koma muyenera kukumbukira kuti mbewuzo zimachokera ku Africa, kotero mbewu zimafuna dothi lonyowa, kuunikira kwabwino, kumalekerera kusinthasintha kwa kutentha kuyambira 0 mpaka 25 madigiri, koma sikuvomereza kuzizira. Imakula msanga kwambiri ndipo imaphuka ndi zipewa zokongola. Zinali katundu izi zomwe zidakhala chifukwa chakukula kwakunja kwa mabedi kapangidwe kanyumba kapena makonde.
Tizikumbukira zinthu zonse zofunikira kwambiri kuti dimba labwino kwambiri limere.

Bacopa amamva bwino pamtunda wa madigiri 10 mpaka 25. Simalola chisanu, motero "nyengo" imakhala m'chipinda chofunda, momwe matenthedwe satsika ndi zero.
Kuti maluwa akule bwino ndi chitukuko, kuyatsa kwabwino ndikofunikira, koma kuwunika kwamadzulo masana kuyenera kupewedwa kukhudzana ndi maluwa ndi masamba;
mbewu yabwino imamera m'malo otetezedwa ndi mphepo, - popeza ili ndi zofowoka kwambiri komanso zowonda;
kuti mbewu zikule bwino, ndikofunikira kuti nthaka ikhale chinyezi koma osati madzi osafunikira kuti mupewe matenda oyamba ndi fungus. Chifukwa chake, nthawi yotentha ya chilimwe, kuthirira kwambiri ndikofunikira;
nthaka yakonzedwa kuti ikulidwe pang'ono. Kapangidwe kake kakhale kopepuka, mchenga wabwino kwambiri, wophatikizidwa bwino ndi organic kanthu, peat ndi ma feteleza ovuta a mchere.
Kudyetsa bwino kuchitidwa mu mawonekedwe amadzimadzi kuchepetsedwa. Kudyetsa kumavalidwa bwino padera: pambuyo pa masabata awiri ndi michere ndi milungu iwiri iliyonse feteleza wachilengedwe.
maluwa akakula, ndikofunikira kutsina mphukira - izi zikuthandizani kuti mupange chipewa cha mbewu, kutengera lingaliro la kapangidwe kake;
maluwa akauma, sikofunikira kuti muwachotse, amadzinyenga. Bacopa limaphuka ngati mafunde: ukamaliza maluwa kwambiri, nthawi yopuma imayamba sabata limodzi kapena awiri, kenako maluwa amatuluka mwamphamvu;
Kuthira nthaka kuyenera kuchitidwa mosamala kuti pasawononge mizu ya mbewu zomwe zili pafupi ndi nthaka;
Pofuna kuti musataye zoyambira zamitundu yayikulu, ndikofunikira kuti nthawi ndi nthawi musinthe maluwawo ndi mbande kuchokera ku stepons zatsopano.

Bacopa yochulukirapo tsopano yachulukitsa chidwi chaakulima. Chomera chimawoneka chokongola kwambiri pokongoletsa makonde, zomangira nyumba, njira zaminda. Kupanga kwa dziwe, mapiri a Alpine osakanikirana ndi mbewu zina zakunja. Kukhalapo kwa maluwa aku Africa okha patsamba lanu kudzapangitsa kuti malowa akhale okongola komanso osiririka ndi akatswiri odziwa zachilengedwe komanso akatswiri azomera zachilendo.