Pali mawu akale a Chingerezi: "Mundawo umayamba ndi mpanda", chabwino, ndizomveka. Ndipo zomwezo zitha kunenedwa mokwanira pamabedi amaluwa, m'mphepete mwake momwe muli malire pakati pa malo obzala ndi njira, kapinga ndi zinthu zina za malo osungiramo munda: ziboliboli, akasupe, madamu okongoletsera kapena maluwa oyandikana nawo.
Mpanda wamabedi amaluwa uli ndi gawo lovuta komanso lofunikira:
- Maluwa okhala ndi maluwa owoneka bwino ndi okonzedwa bwino;
- Mothandizidwa ndi mipanda, umodzi wa kalembedwe ukhoza kupezeka patsamba lonse;
- Mipanda yokongoletsera yamaluwa amaluwa imalepheretsa kubzala kukula osalamulira;
- Amathandizira pogawa zigawo;
- Chimateteza kuti chisawonongeke mwangozi ndi ziweto ndi anthu;
- Bedi lamaluwa wokhala ndi mpanda ndiwosavuta kusamalira: Kupalira, kumasula ndi kuthirira.
Ndipo zilibe kanthu pamene zotetezera zamaluwa zamaluwa zimapangidwa. Ngakhale malingaliro a opanga, kuti ayambe kupanga maluwa oti azikhala ndi malire, olima dimba ambiri amaganiza za kukhazikitsa mipanda pomwe dimba la maluwa lathyoka kale. Ndipo njirayi, ikusinthika, siyipanso zoyipa, chifukwa kapangidwe ka mpandawo nkoyenereradi kalembedwe ka munda wonsewo, ndipo mawonekedwe ake adadziwika kale ndikuyesera nthawi.
Kupanga kolondola kwamabedi amaluwa kumakhudza malingaliro a malo onse mozungulira, ndipo ngati mupanga mipanda yamabedi amaluwa ndi manja anu, ndiye kuti munda wonsewo udzakhala wosangalatsa komanso woyambirira.
Chachikulu ndikusankha njira yomwe ikugwirizana ndi kalembedwe komanso bajeti. Ndipo pali zambiri zoti musankhe. Masiku ano, wolima mundawo apatsidwa mwayi wogwiritsa ntchito njira zophunzitsira, atawonetsa malingaliro ake ndi luso lake, mutha kutenga zida zachikhalidwe zomangira mipanda. Pali mayankho okonzekera, osavuta komanso othandiza.
Zomangira njerwa zamabedi amaluwa
Mipanda Yapamwamba yopangidwa ndi njerwa imawoneka yosamalitsa komanso yoyera. Kapangidwe kake kamatengera kulingalira kwa wosamalira mundawo ndimikhalidwe ya chiwembucho. Kuphatikiza pa njerwa zokha, mufunika matope omangira kapena guluu, zida zokutira ndi zida zomwe zimapezeka m'nyumba iliyonse. Mphepete mwa maluwa amakumbukirabe, kudula sod ndikutulutsa dothi kuti mudziwe njerwa. Msewuwo umapangidwa bwino komanso wokota ndi filimu, ndipo njerwa zimayikidwamo malinga ndi dongosolo lomwe lidasankhidwa. Ngati mungaganize zopanga mpanda wokwera, mizere imakhazikika ndi yankho.
Mpanda wopangidwa ndi kupindika ndi miyala yamiyala imapangidwa pazomwezi.
Ubwino wa mipanda yokongoletsera yamabedi az maluwa opangidwa ndi njerwa:
- Wopangidwa ndi njerwa yolimba, ndipo makamaka njerwa zautoto, malire omanga mpanda amawoneka okongola kwambiri;
- Ndizolimba ngakhale popanda concre;
- Kutulutsira dothi kowonjezerapo pakagwa mvula yambiri;
- Zimalepheretsa kukula kwa mbewu kunja kwa malire a bedi la maluwa.
Komabe, mipanda yotereyi ilinso ndi zovuta. Mothandizidwa ndi chinyezi komanso kutentha kwake, njerwayo imataya kukongoletsa ndi mphamvu zake. Imagunda ndipo imakutidwa ndi mbewa ndi nkhungu, zomwe zimathanso kukokolanso zikhalidwe.
Kulowa konkriti
Kuluka konkriti komwe kumalekanitsa bedi la maluwa panjira kapena udzu sikungatchulidwe mpanda wa bedi la maluwa, koma lero limagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mipanda yowoneka yamaluwa yomwe siyimalekanitse ndi omvera, koma ingosunthira kutali. Ndipo ngakhale yankho limakhala laling'ono, malire ndi olimba kwambiri ndipo saletsa mitundu yambiri ya namsongole.
Koma kukulira konkriti kumapangitsa kuti kutchetcha kusakhale kophweka, ndipo mawonekedwe okumbikawo amatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito popanga njira zokongola zamunda.
Mpanda wamaluwa wamaluwa
Zingwe za konkriti zoyesedwa kuti zimangidwe zitha kukhala maziko a mpanda wolimba komanso wokongoletsa kwambiri wamabedi amaluwa. Kuti mutimange mabatani amtunduwu pamwamba pa wina ndi mnzake pogwiritsa ntchito guluu wapadera, ndikakonza zowonjezera pazomera m'matumba, mauna achitsulo amatengedwa ngati pansi. Drainage imawonjezeredwa pachidebe chilichonse chophatikizidwa, kenako ndikuthira dothi labwino. Kutalika kwa mpanda kuchokera kumabuloko kuyenera kukhala zinthu ziwiri zosachepera.
Mipanda yamiyala
Miyala yachilengedwe yamitundu yonse ndi kukula kwake ikhoza kukhala maziko a mipanda yoyambirira ya mawonekedwe aulere, yoyenera kupangidwa pafupifupi ndi dimba lililonse.
Kukhomedwa pamtambo wamalire
Tsopano pakugulitsidwa pali mitundu yonse ya tepi yapadera yamalire yopangidwira kusiyanitsa pakati pa mzere wa njirayo ndi dimba la maluwa.
Imapangidwa masikono osiyanasiyana m'lifupi ndi kutalika, imatha kukhala yosalala komanso yopaka utoto, yamtundu umodzi komanso mawonekedwe. Kuphatikiza pa tepi yokhala ndi m'mphepete chapamwamba, palinso mawonedwe okhala ndi mawonekedwe.
Kukhazikitsa mpanda wokongoletsa ngati bedi la maluwa ndikophweka. Kuti muchite izi, mumangofunika muyeso wa tepi, lumo, wowunikira kuti akonze m'mbali ndi fosholo.
Mwa kufananiza ndi tepiyo, amagwiranso ntchito kukhazikitsa mipanda yokonzekera pulasitiki ya maluwa, kutsanzira mpanda wamatabwa, mitundu yowala kapena mpanda wamtengo.
Pamodzi ndi zovuta zomwe sizingafanane ndi yankho, mapangidwe apulasitiki amakhalanso ndi zovuta:
- Mphamvu ya mpanda woterowo imatengera luso la zinthu zomwe limapangidwa.
- Pulasitiki yotsika mtengo imataya msanga, imakhala yosakhwima komanso yothina, komanso, yomwe imakhala yoopsa.
- Si chopinga pakufalikira kwa namsongole.
- Kukula kwa mbewu zosatha sikungapewe.
- Zoyenera kukonzekera chaka chilichonse.
- Ili ndi mawonekedwe osakhala achibadwa ndipo imawoneka yopanga.
Mpanda wamatanda wamaluwa
Wood ndi zachikhalidwe komanso zofunika nthawi zonse. Njira yosavuta kwambiri yokhala ngati mpanda woterewu ndi mapangidwe a zikhomo zingapo komanso chimango chopangidwa ndi mipiringidzo yamunda wamaluwa.
Mtengo ndiwo mtundu wachilengedwe wofatsa kwambiri wa mundawo. Izi sizipereka poizoni komanso sizivulaza chilengedwe.
Pali zosankha zambiri pakupanga waya wamatabwa. Izi ndi zomangira zamapulogalamu, malire kuchokera ku zipika zoyendetsedwa ndikusiyidwa mwanjira yawo yachilengedwe, yopingasa komanso yopingasa, yokwera komanso yotsika.
Monga lamulo, zonse zimagwirizana pomanga m'mundamu, koma ziyenera kukumbukiridwa kuti mtundu uliwonse wamatabwa umakhala chinyontho ndi tizirombo. Chifukwa chake, kuti tipewe kuwola, kukhazikika kwa ma lichens ndi zitsamba zopanga mpanda, ndikofunikira kuteteza mtengowu ku zowopsa izi musanapange mpanda.
Madzi a mabedi amaluwa
Mpanda wamtunduwu ndiwodziwika kwambiri ndipo, ngakhale akuwoneka kuti ndi wovuta, ndiwosavuta kuyikhazika pamitengo ya msondodzi kapena nthambi zina zosinthika. Mipanda yayitali kwambiri yamabedi amaluwa, zithunzi zake zomwe zimapezeka pa netiweki, zimagwiritsidwanso ntchito bwino kukonza zitunda zazitali, kulimbitsa malo otsetsereka komanso kukonza malo owongoka.
Mipanda yamabedi amaluwa ndi makama amaluwa opangidwa ndi slate
M'nyumba iliyonse, pamakhala zotchingira zosafunikira zomwe nthawi zambiri zimatsalira atakonzedwa padenga. Kuchokera pazinthu zosagonjetseka izi, mpanda wothandiza wamabedi kapena wamaluwa wamaluwa ungapezeke.
Ngalande yopapatiza imapangidwa m'mbali mwa malowo ndipo ndodo zolimba zimayendetsedwa mkati. Tizilomboti tating'onoting'ono tating'ono timayikidwa pambali ya bedi la maluwa, ngalandeyo imakutidwa ndi dothi lapansi ndipo imakulungika.
Mwa kufananiza ndi mtundu uwu wa mpanda, mapangizowo amapangidwanso ndi bolodi yokhala ndi matope. Poterepa, zinthuzo zimaphatikizidwa ndi zotchingira zotchingira m'nthaka ...
Pokhazikika pazomera zamoyo
Mzere wotsika wa mbewu zolimba umatha kukhala mpanda wokongoletsa bwino bedi lamaluwa. Kuti musankhe mbewu kuti mubzalire zotere muyenera kusamala makamaka: ziyenera kukhala zogwirizana ndi kupangika kwa korona, kupereka chivundikiro chowawa ndikulimbana ndi namsongole.
Ubwino wa mpanda wamoyo wamaluwa wamaluwa:
- Zimapanga m'mphepete mwachilengedwe komanso zowoneka bwino zachilengedwe;
- Yosavuta kusamalira, kuyambira pomwe udzu utakula bwino.
Kuzingidwa kuchokera mabotolo
Ndikulakwitsa kuganiza kuti mpanda wa bedi la maluwa kuchokera m'mabotolo ndi njira yachuma.
Zipangizo zilizonse sizoletsedwa pamapangidwe amtundu, ngati kupangika kumawoneka kwachilendo komanso koyenera. Chitetezo chimatha kupangidwa kuchokera ku pulasitiki, komanso kuchokera ku mabotolo agalasi ochezeka.
Kuti zombo zisasowe chifukwa cha kusintha kwa chinyezi ndi kutentha, ndibwino kuzidzaza ndi mchenga wouma patsogolo ndikuwatseka zolimba.
Zowongolera kuchokera ku ma pallets
Mwa mapallet amtundu wanthawi zonse, mutha kupanga mpanda wapachiyambi, onse omangapo minda, komanso minda yanyumba, minda yamiyala ndi zina zambiri mwanjira yopanda dongosolo.
Chithunzi cha mipanda yamaluwa yamaluwa yopangidwa ndi ma pallets chikuwonetsa mawonekedwe amtunduwu komanso lokwera lokwera pamwamba pamtunda.
Ambiri, ngakhale olima maluwa a novice, amatha kupanga mpanda woyambirira wa bedi lamaluwa ndi manja awo. Zinthu zilizonse m'manja mwa ambuye zitha kukhala mutu wophunzitsa.
Chachikulu ndichakuti musataye mtima, perekani malingaliro ndi kupanga ntchito pang'ono. Ndipo zotsatira zake mosakayikira zidzakondweretsa eni ake mundawo ndi alendo ake.
