Asters pachaka, kapena Callistefus

Aster a chaka chimodzi ndi amodzi mwa anthu ambiri okondedwa ndi okondedwa, poyambirira oyendetsa "athu". Ngakhale mpikisano waukulu, malo omwe anakakamizidwapo mpandadengawo sanasinthe. Kusankhidwa kwakukulu kwa mawonekedwe, kukula kwake ndi mitundu ya asters ndikosatheka. Amakhala osasamala, olimba mtima, achikondi, achikondi, opitilira muyeso, amwano komanso amtali, kulola aliyense wokonda kusankha zosiyanasiyana momwe angafune. Ndipo nthawi yomweyo, asters a chaka chimodzi, kupatula, amakhalabe ochenjera komanso olimba, kulima komwe kungakhale kotheka ngakhale kwa oyamba kumene.

Kufotokozera kwa asters apachaka

Asters a chaka chimodzi, ngakhale amagawidwa kwambiri komanso kutchuka kosasunthika, ndizomera zomwe zimasokoneza kwambiri. Dzinalo "aster" limakhazikika mwa iwo kotero kuti samalabadira "zofunikira" ndi dzina lachi Latin, nthawi zambiri amaziphonya ngakhale m'matumba ambewu. Pakadali pano, ma asters apachaka sakhala aster konse. Izi ndiomera zamtundu Khalid (Khalid), omwe sakonda kutchula ndi dzina lawo. Chomwe chikukulitsa vutoli ndichakuti m'dziko lathu callistefuse amangotchedwa aster a bustani kapena ma asters achi China, ngakhale kuti mawuwa amatanthauzanso mitundu yosatha yomwe imamera m'munda wachikhalidwe.

Aster pachaka, mosiyana ndi perennials, ali "achichepere": chiyambi chogwiritsa ntchito mozama chimangogwera zaka za 19 zokha. Koma mbewu zopanda ulemu ndi zowala izi zidatchuka mwachangu kotero kuti m'zaka zapitazi zidapeza mutu wanthawi yachilimwe. Dzina la callistefus limawonetsa mwachindunji kunyada kwake kwakukulu - mabasiketi apamwamba (kuchokera ku "callinos stephos" achi Greek - "wokongola wreath").

Callistefus Chinese (Callistephus chinensis) ndi mtundu wokhawo wamtundu wotchedwa Callistefus. Asters achilengedwe kapena othengo samapezeka muchikhalidwe. Izi ndizomera zopanda mbewu, zosinthidwa nthawi yayitali ndi zoyeserera za obereketsa. Mitundu ya ma hybrid ndi mitundu yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito pachikhalidwe cha miyambo imalembedwa mosiyanasiyana - Callistephus x shinensis, koma onsewa adachokera pamaziko a Chinese callistefus, matchulidwe otere a dzina la mtunduwu ndi ovomerezeka. Monga asters onse, callistefus amaimira banja la Compositae. Dzinalo limasonyezeratu malo okhala zachilengedwe a callistefus, okhala kumwera chakumadzulo kwa Asia.

Chinese callistefuses ndi mankhwala a herbaceous omwe ali ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana, koma amakhala ndi mizu yamphamvu komanso mphukira. Mizu yake ndi yotupa, yokhala ndi nthambi zambiri, yabodza kwambiri, zomwe zimathandiza mbewu kuti ipirire bwino ndi chilala. Zolimba komanso zowongoka, nthawi zambiri mphukira zokhala ndi nthambi zimakhala zolimba kwambiri, zopaka utoto wobiriwira kapena pang'ono pang'ono. Pazaka za chaka chimodzi, masamba ndi okulirapo, m'munsi mwake amakhala pamatimu, pamwamba - wopanda masamba, koma amakonzedwa motere. Rhombic, chowulungika, chachikulu lanceolate, amawonetsa m'malire okongola - kuyambira mano akulu kupita kumphepete mwa tawuni kapena seranced. Ma infters a asters amadziwika mosavuta. Ma callistefus amapanga mabasiketi akulu, amtundu wamba, wokhala ndi maluwa am'mimbamo ndi mabango (ndipo nthawi zambiri mizere ingapo ya "petals" zosinthika), ndi mtundu umodzi wamaluwa kapena onse atha kuchita nawo zokongoletsera. Terry inflorescence amakhala amodzi mwa asters apachaka.

Mitundu ya ma asters apachaka imakhala yosiyanasiyana modabwitsa. Utoto wamathunzi ndi matani umaphatikizapo osati mbali yonse yoyera-yofiira-yabuluu yamiyala yautoto, komanso chikasu, zonona. Mwa ma asters, magawo onse omwe amatha kukhala a pinki, carmine, rasipiberi, wofiirira, wofiirira, wa violet, ndi lilac amathiridwa bwino. Kuchokera pamitundu yowala komanso yowoneka bwino mpaka yakuda, pafupifupi yakuda, yoyambirira, pafupifupi ya buluu kapena mitundu ya phukusi - pali zambiri zomwe mungasankhe. Mwa mawonekedwe a utoto, ma asters ndi monophonic, awiri-color, graphic (okhala ndi mikwingwirima yosiyanitsa) kapena watercolor (wokhala ndi kusintha kosavuta kwa ma nuances amtundu).

Nthawi ya maluwa aster pachaka imatengera mtundu wa njira zomwe adasankha, koma zimakhudza nthawi ndi mawonekedwe amitundu mitundu. Mukadzala mbande ndi mitundu yoyambilira, zipatso za asters zimayamba kuphukira mu June, pomwe zimafesedwa munthaka - kokha mwa Seputembala. Nthano kuti ikuluikulu ya inflorescence, yomwe pambuyo pake imachita callistefus, sikuti nthawi zonse zimakhala zolondola. Kuyambira mbande zam'mimba zimayamba kukhala ndi masiku 80 mpaka 130.

Pambuyo maluwa, asters amayika ma achenes akuluakulu omwe kuphukira kwathunthu kumachitika pafupifupi masabata 4-5 maluwa atayamba. Mbeu za Aster zimagwirabe ntchito kwa zaka zosachepera ziwiri, ngati zimangokhala ozizira komanso zakuda.

Aster pachaka, kapena Chinese Callistephus (Callistephus chinensis).

Callistefus osiyanasiyana

Ndikosavuta kuyerekezera chomera cham'munda chomwe chimadzaza ndi mitundu yofananira ndi callistefus. Osachepera awa parter asters alibe opikisana nawo pachaka. Mitundu yoposa zikwi zinayi, mindandanda yawo yomwe imapangidwanso chaka chilichonse ndi mitundu yatsopano, imapereka chisankho chofunikira. Ndizovuta, koma osati kosatheka, kuyenda ma asters apachaka. Malinga ndi njira komanso zizindikilo zoonekera bwino - kuchokera pamaonekedwe a inflorescence mpaka utoto, kutalika, mawonekedwe a chitsamba - mutha kusankha mitundu yoyenera pantchito iliyonse yokongoletsera. Zogawika zodabwitsa modabwitsa, kugawanitsa ma aster m'magulu opitilira 40 malinga ndi mawonekedwe awo, zimathandizira kuti zisasokonezeke pazosangalatsa zonse za callistefus zoperekedwa pamsika wamaluwa.

Kusankhidwa kosavuta (ndipo kwakukulu) kwa asters kumawagawa m'magulu asanu kutengera ndi chitsamba:

1. Giant asters ndi mitundu yosiyana ndi mbewu kutalika 80 cm mpaka 1 m.
2. Asters okwera - mitundu kuchokera 60 mpaka 80 cm.
3. Asters apakatikati ndi mitundu kuyambira 40 mpaka 60 cm.
4. Asters okula pang'ono kuyambira 20 mpaka 40 cm.
5. Zovala zazingwe zomwe kukula kwake kumakhala kochepa kufika 20 cm.

Pakati pa gulu lirilonse, pali kusiyana pakati pa mbeu malinga ndi mtundu wokula kapena silhouette. Pakati pa mitundu yomwe pali kufalikira (tchire lonse lokhala ndi chosalimba, lotayirira mawonekedwe), piramidi, chowulungika, maluwa kapena tsache (mabatani akutali okhala ndi mawonekedwe okhazikika, osafalikira kwambiri, kukulitsa kumtunda), asterar. Zomera zomwe zimamera ziyenera kukumbukiridwa posankha ma asters kuti ayike zofukiza zazikulu ndikupanga zotsatira za kubzala mosalekeza.

Kusankhidwa kwa ma asters apachaka kutalika ndi mawonekedwe kumakupatsani mwayi kupeza chomera choyenererana ndi ntchito yomwe imayikidwa patsogolo kwa ntchentche.

Malinga ndi njira zogwiritsira ntchito, ma aster agawidwa m'magulu atatu:

1. Kudula mitundu yayikulu yokhala ndi inflorescences yayikulu, yodziwika ndi maudindo amphamvu komanso ataliatali.
2. Mitundu ya Universal yokhala ndi magawo "apakati".
3. Ma casing asters ndi amtali komanso odabwitsa, oyenera malire, okhala ndi miphika, mapoto, zokongoletsera zamaluwa.

Koma gulu loterolo limakhala lotsutsana kwambiri. Nthawi zonse muyenera kuyang'ana pa chinthu china chake. Chifukwa chake, mitundu yayitali komanso yapakatikati ya asters imapatsa kuchuluka ndi mawonekedwe kumabedi a maluwa ndi mitundu yosakanikirana, ikhoza kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati zofukiza kapena pakatikati pamagulu pamaudzu. Kuchokera ku asters, mutha kupanga mapangidwe okhwima ndi nyimbo "zokhala ngati" ndi malo omveka bwino kuchokera kutali mpaka kuzomera zazomera.

Nthawi yamaluwa ndiyofunikanso, chifukwa chifukwa cha mitundu yambiri yosankha, mutha kunyamula ma asters omwe amatulutsa kuyambira June mpaka chisanu. Zosiyanasiyana zimasiyanasiyana kwambiri kutalika kwa nyengo yomwe ikukula.

Aster onse pachaka amagawidwa m'magulu atatu:

1. Aster oyambirira omwe amatha kuphuka patatha masiku 83- 60 atamera.
2. Asters apakati, gulu loyimira kwambiri, lomwe kuyambira kutuluka kwa mbande mpaka chiyambi cha maluwa kumatenga masiku 107 mpaka 120.
3. Chakumapeto kumapeto kwake, nyengo yakumakula yomwe imadutsa masiku 120.

Zosiyanasiyana za callisthus mu mawonekedwe ndi mawonekedwe a maluwa ndizovuta kwambiri. Kugawikaku kumaphatikizapo kugawa ma asters onse m'magulu atatu molingana ndi mawonekedwe a inflorescence:

• Reed Asters Class - mitundu yonse yomwe maluwa mabango amapereka chokongoletsera, pomwe maluwa aku tubular sawoneka, amabisika pakati pa inflorescence.
• Gulu la asubular asters - zokongoletsera zamitundu yotere zimapangidwa kokha ndi maluwa a tubular, pomwe mabango omwe sawoneka ndi ochepa komanso ochepa.
• Kalasi Ya Asters Yakusintha, momwe ma tubular, bango, komanso kusintha kosinthana ndizofunikira chimodzimodzi pakukongoletsa.

"Zambiri" zokongoletsera za kapangidwe ka inflorescence, mawonekedwe ake amagwira ntchito ngati maziko ofunikira mitundu, magulu kapena mitundu ya asters pachaka. Amakhulupirira kuti kuchuluka kwa magulu aster pachaka ndi 44, ndipo pagulu lirilonse mbewu zimasiyana mosiyanasiyana. Koma gulu la ogwirizana, lomwe nthawi zambiri limavomereza, silinapangidwepo; kuwoneka kwa mitundu yatsopano kumabweretsa kusintha kosinthika mwa iwo. Posankha mbewu, nthawi zonse ndibwino kuyang'ana magawo enieni.

Gulu la aster pachaka malinga ndi umunthu wawo:

• mu mawonekedwe a inflorescences ma asters agawidwa kukhala ozungulira (ozungulira), hemispherical, plano-ozungulira ndi lathyathyathya;
• malingana ndi kuchuluka kwa terry callistefuses ndiosavuta, theka komanso kawiri;
• kukula kwamaluwa ma aster agawidwa m'magulu ang'ono-oyenda, oyenda pang'ono komanso akulu;
• ndi chikhalidwe cha maluwa mu inflorescence ma aster ndi mawonekedwe owoneka ngati singano, opindika, opindika, komanso ozungulira.

Ndipo izi sizikutanthauza kuti maluwa okhala bango amatha kukhala osiyanasiyana mosiyanasiyana - kuchokera kuzungulira pang'onopang'ono ngati scaphoid, nthiti-ngati, lopotapota, lopotana, wavy, wopindika matumba, owoneka ngati singano komanso wowuma!

Mukamasankha asters, chidwi chikuyenera kulipira ku gawo lina lomwe mbewu zimasiyana kwambiri pakati pawo - izi ndi kukaniza matenda. Asters agawidwa m'gulu la mitundu wamba ndi mbewu kukhala ndi kukana kwa fusarium. Mwambiri, chidziwitso chokhazikika chimawonetsedwa nthawi zonse pazakalembera.

Aster pachaka, kapena Chinese Callistephus (Callistephus chinensis).

Chaka chimodzi asters pamunda

Ma callistefus ndi amodzi mwa amalingaliro amitundu yosiyanasiyana popanga minda yamitundu iliyonse, kukula kwake ndi utoto wautoto. Kuphatikizika kotero kumalumikizidwa makamaka ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya asters pachaka. Kupatula apo, kupezeka kwa undersized ndi bushy, mitundu yapamwamba komanso yoyambirira imalola aster kuchita maudindo osiyanasiyana.

Pazithunzi, callistefus amagwiritsa ntchito:

• yopanga malire ndi kumtunda patsogolo;
• m'mabedi amaluwa kuchokera nthawi yachilimwe ndi malo owuma pa udzu;
• mu monovidy rabatki;
• kukongoletsa mabedi amaluwa ndi mitundu yosakanikirana ndi zofukiza;
• m'magulu okhala ndi malo;
• kudzaza ma voids ndi glade, m'malo mwa chilimwe cha masika ndi mababu;
• monga chotengera ndi chomera cha mphika chokongoletsera malo ndi malo osangalalira;
• kukulira kudula mu nkhokwe ndi malo otseguka.

Choyamba, ma asters amasewera ngati gawo lokongola lanyimbo ndi theka la nyengo. Zambiri ndizo mfumukazi ya nyundo, yopanda amene sizingatheke kuyerekezera zophatikizika zamaluwa mpaka pomwe ma asters osatha amawonedwa ngati oyenera kuchita nawo nyimbo zam'munda.

Aster chaka chimodzi ndi zina mwazokonda osati zamaluwa okha, komanso wamaluwa. Amayima bwino m'madzi atadula. Zowona, kuti musangalale ndi chomera, ndikofunikira kutsatira malamulo odula inflorescence. Maluwa a callistefus sangadulidwe, ayenera maluwa kwathunthu. Kudula kumachitika m'mawa, nthawi yomweyo ndikuyika maluwa m'madzi.

Othandizira a Callistefus

Asters amaphatikizidwa mwangwiro ndi wina ndi mnzake, amakupatsani mwayi wosankha mitundu kuti mupange mtundu wamaluwa wolumikizana, zolemba zamtundu zovuta ndi nyimbo zomwe ndizosiyana voliyumu ndi chilengedwe. Nthawi zambiri zimabzalidwa kuchotsera kapena mabedi amaluwa achilimwe, osasakanikirana ndi mitundu ina. Koma izi sizikutanthauza konse kuti callistefus ndizovuta kuphatikiza ndi mbewu zaminda.

Pafupifupi maluwa ena aliwonse oyanjana ndi ma aster pachaka. Ndikwabwino kuyang'ana kusankha kwa anzawo pazokongoletsa, zophatikizika, mawonekedwe, masamba ndi inflorescence ndi utoto wa utoto. Kukongola kwa ma asters omwe ali ndi ma terry inflorescences kumatsimikiziridwa bwino ndi lobelia wamalonda ndi verbena, ndikuwonetsa inflorescence yayikulu ndi tchire la lobularia la nyanja yam'madzi kapena mulungu wa utoto wamitundu iwiri, sages owopsa pachaka, marigolds ndi calendula wokondedwa ndi aster "otsogola".

Aster a chaka chimodzi amatsimikiza bwino kukongola kwa nyenyezi zina za m'dzinja - gladioli.

Mukamasankha malo m'munda wamaluwa, ndikofunikira kukumbukira kuti pakati pa mbewu zosatha, kukongola kwa ma asters kumatsimikiziridwa bwino ndi mbewu monga zokongoletsera, mbewu zokhala ndi masamba okongoletsera (cuffs, chowawa, geraniums, masamba a spruce, ndi zina), mitengo yophimba pansi ndi zipatso zam'mera, monga phlox, heliopsis, sages ndi osatha chrysanthemums.

Mavuto akukula asters pachaka

Zomera zonse za callistefus, kupatulapo, ndizomera wazithunzi. Ngakhale sizinakulidwe chifukwa chodulira, ma asters apachaka sangakusangalatseni m'malo achithunzi. Zomera za penumbra zopepuka zimalekerera, ngakhale maluwa atakulira, chifukwa ma asters nthawi zonse ndibwino kusankha malo dzuwa. Malo okulira aster atha kukhala otseguka komanso amphepo yokwanira: aster ndiwofewa osazizira komanso osawopa kumanga chomera. Koma m'malo otetezedwa, maluwa ake amatulutsa maluwa okongola kwambiri. Amakhulupilira kuti aster amatha kukongoletsa kwathunthu komwe amatetezedwa ku kutentha kwambiri m'nthaka yatsopano. Malo otsetsereka akummwera kapena chosakanizira chakumwera sindiwo malo abwino kwa iye.

Chifukwa cha kupirira kwake, ma callistefuse amayesedwa osachotsera nyengo yachilimwe. Koma, monga mbewu zonse zamaluwa, zokongoletsera zazikulu kwambiri kuchokera ku asters ndizotheka muzoyenera kwambiri. Adzaphuka panthaka yosauka, koma sadzaulula kukongola kwawo kwathunthu. Dothi lodzaza kapena kuwala kwina kulikonse, kotheka madzi, kulimidwa bwino komanso nthaka yachonde ndichabwino kwa aster pachaka. Kuyankha kwa dothi la callistefus kuyenera kukhala kosalowerera kapena kukhala pafupi ndi mbali. Zinthu za manyowa ndi zinthu zatsopano zaphikidwa chifukwa cha mbewu iyi, komanso kubzala munthaka yonyowa, m'malo okhala ndi madzi apansi ambiri kapena chiopsezo chokhala madzi osagwa ndimvula yambiri.

Mukamasankha malo okonzera ma asters apachaka, ziyenera kukumbukiridwa kuti sizingabzalidwe malo omwewo (ndikofunikira kupuma pakati pa kubzala zaka 4-5), komanso pambuyo pa tulips, carnations ndi gladioli. Marigolds ndi calendula, omwe amatha kuzisinthanitsa pamabedi a maluwa nthawi yachilimwe, amatengedwa ngati oyambitsa kwambiri asters pachaka.

Aster pachaka, kapena Chinese Callistephus (Callistephus chinensis).

Kubzala kwa callistefus

Pakubzala asters pachaka, malo ayenera kukonzedwa nthawi zonse. Kwa callistefus, kukonzekera kumayesedwa ngati muyezo osati miyezi yochepa musanabzala, koma kugwa, komwe kumapangitsa kuti nthaka ikwaniritse bwino komanso kupezeka kwa michere yambiri. Pakadutsa pachaka, dothi liyenera kukumbidwa mwakuya. Feteleza wokhwima (kompositi kapena humus) ndi feteleza wathunthu wazitsulo amamuthira m'nthaka muyezo wabwino. Pa dothi lachonde, mutha kudziyika malire ndi zinthu zachilengedwe. Mikhalidwe ya dothi ikapatuka pakuyenera, imasinthidwa ndi peat ndi mchenga.

Mtunda wa mbewu zapafupi mukabzala callistefus mwachindunji kutengera kutalika kwa tchire. Asters okula pang'ono amabzalidwa patali pafupifupi 10-20 cm, ma aster kukula kwake ndi 20-30 cm, kutalika kuchokera 30 mpaka 40. Madeti obzala mmera amayambira pakati pa Meyi mpaka chaka choyambirira cha Juni.

Palibe chilichonse chovuta kubzala mbande za astra, koma mbewu zimafunika kugwiridwa mosamala. Oyendetsa ndege-aobzala angabzalidwe mumabowo amodzi, ndipo m'mizere, onetsetsani kuti mukugwiritsa ntchito kuthirira mabowo musanabzalidwe. Ndikofunika, koma osafunikira, kuti zitsimikizire kuti mizu ili yolunjika, osati yopindika: ngakhale ndi kuwonongeka, mizu ya callistefus imabwezeretseka bwino. Inde, ngati zingatheke, nthawi zonse ndibwino kuti chipinda chadothi chisasunthike. Zomera zimayikidwa kuti malo okula azikhalabe pamlingo wa dothi, kuzama kwa chomera ichi sikovomerezeka. Dothi limapangidwa mosamala ndikufinya, ndikulongosola bwino chomera. Kubzala kumalizidwa ndi kuthirira yambiri ndikuyika mulching nthaka ndi dothi louma.

Chisamaliro cha Asters pachaka

Mosiyana ndi omwe akupikisana nawo, callistefuse safuna chisamaliro chovuta kwambiri ngakhale atakulitsa kudula, amakhutira ndi chisamaliro chochepa - kuthirira osowa, kuvala kwapamwamba kutalikitsa maluwa ndi kupalira.

Kuthirira kwa asters pachaka chifukwa chokwanira chokwanira chilolezo sichiyenera kuchitika mwadongosolo. Ndondomeko zidzafunikira ndi chomera pokhapokha chilala chikayamba komanso kutentha kwambiri. Zomera zimatha kuthirira popanda kuthirira, koma, maluwa adzacheperachepera, kapena kusiya, masamba atha kusiya msanga zokongoletsera zake. Kuthirira kwa callistefus kuyenera kukhala kochuluka, kunyowetsa nthaka, koma osowa. Nthawi zambiri mu nyengo zowuma, ngakhale nthawi yotentha, madzi okwanira 1-2 pa sabata amakwana. Kuchuluka chinyezi komanso kuthirira pamtunda ndilowopsa. Momwe zimayendera pang'onopang'ono chilala, asters amatha kuphuka mosatulutsa chisanu.

Kungoyambira chilimwe mpaka chisanu, ma aster pachaka amatha kuphuka pokhapokha ngati alibe zakudya. Feteleza wa callistefuses ndikofunikira kwambiri ngakhale mutabzidwa m'nthaka yachonde ndi feteleza. Kwa callistefuses, makamaka feteleza wa mchere amagwiritsidwa ntchito, organics imagwiritsidwa ntchito pokhapokha nthaka yosauka ndipo makamaka mawonekedwe a mulch kapena kuvala kwamadzimadzi amadzimadzi. Kwa ma aster apachaka gwiritsani ntchito njira yofikira feteleza:

1. Masabata 2-3 mutabzala mbande, mbewuzo zimadyetsedwa muyezo (40-60 g pa mita imodzi ya masitimu obzala) gawo la feteleza wathunthu wamafuta mu mawonekedwe owuma kapena amadzimadzi.
2. Kumayambiriro kwa budding, 50-60 g wa feteleza wa potaziyamu-phosphorous umayikidwa (pa mita imodzi ya malo obzala), kupatula feteleza wa nayitrogeni kuchokera pakuvala kwapamwamba.

Kupanda kutero, onse amasamalira aster pachaka amabwera kuti azitha kuchotsa udzu. Kudulira kwa mbewu kumaphatikizika ndi kumasula kopanda nthaka. Kapangidwe ka dothi pamtunda wa callistefus sikuyenera kuloledwa. Njira zonse ziwiri zitha kupewetsedwa mosavuta ndi mulching, koma chisamaliro chiyenera kutengedwa kuti mawonekedwe otetezawa sayambitsa kuzama kwa mbewu. Kukula kwama inflorescence kumachotsedwa kutsogolo kokha - komwe kumenyedwako. Zachidziwikire, kudula kwakanthawi kumalola kuti chomera chilime msanga, koma sizimagwirizana ndi chilimwechi, amakonda kusiya mabasiketi kuti asasinthike ndi kudzipatula.

Kusamalira callistefus, womwe umadzalidwa mumiphika ndi muli, ndiwosiyana posamalira mbewu zomwe zidakulidwa panthaka. Zinthu ngati izi ndizopiriranso pachilala. Koma ndibwino kuthirira madzi kuti muchepetse kuyanika kwa nthawi yayitali. Kuvala kwapamwamba kumagwiritsidwa ntchito pafupipafupi, masabata onse a 2-3. Kuchotsa kufota maluwa ndi masamba achikasu kumakupatsani mwayi wokongoletsa komanso maluwa ambiri kwanthawi yayitali.

Aster chaka chimodzi sangatchulidwe kuti mbewu zosagwira. Ndi chisamaliro cholakwika, m'nthaka ya acid kapena yonyowa, nthawi zambiri amadwala matenda. Fusarium wilt, blight mochedwa, dzimbiri, mawanga ndi zowola zofiirira - mavutowa akuyenera kukumana nawo pakulima kwa callistefus. Fusarium imakhala yofala, chiwopsezo cha kuwonongeka komwe chimakhala chambiri ndi feteleza wa nayitrogeni komanso chinyezi chambiri padzikoli. Amakhulupirira kuti mbande za astra ndizopezeka mosavuta kotero kuti nkosavuta kuwononga mbewu mwachangu kusiyana ndi kuthana ndi matenda. Koma ngati pali chikhumbo chofuna kupulumutsa zosungirazo, ndiye kuti muyenera kuyamba mwachangu ndi mankhwala omwe mumayambitsa fungicides.

Imapezeka pa callistefus ndi tizirombo. Asters a chaka chimodzi, makamaka akakula pamabedi amaluwa oyenda mwamaluwa ndi chikhalidwe champhika, nthawi zambiri amadwala nsabwe za m'masamba ndi nthata za akangaude. Amakonda callistefus ndi slugs, choncho ndi bwino nthawi yomweyo kuchitapo kanthu kuteteza mbewu.

Mbande za asters pachaka.

Kusinthidwa kwa asters pachaka

Callistefus imadzala nthangala zokha, palibenso njira ina pazokondera zapachaka izi. Koma apa mutha kusankha njira yolimira mwakufuna kwanu, kutengera kuthekera, maluso ndi nyengo.

Aster pachaka amakula:

• kudzera mmera;
• kufesa m'nthaka.

Mbande - yotchuka kwambiri komanso yabwino kwambiri. Sikuti zimangokulolani kuti muzisangalala ndi pachimake, komanso njira yodalirika kwambiri yolulira callistefus m'magawo okhala ndi nyengo yozizira. Asters amafesedwa mbande mu theka loyambirira la masika, kuyambira zaka khumi zapitazi za Marichi. Kubzala kumapeto kwa Marichi kumawoneka kuti ndikoyenera. Zomera, chilichonse chosaya kapena dothi lapadziko lonse ndizoyenera. Asanafesere, gawo lapansi limapangidwa kapena kupha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda. Kubzala kumachitika pang'onopang'ono ndikuphimba nthanga ndi dothi lakufinya kapena humus (wosanjikiza mpaka 0,5 cm), pamtunda wothira. Pansi pa kanema kapena zotengera zagalasi zimayikidwa m'chipinda chokhala ndi kutentha kwa 18 mpaka 20 digiri Celsius. Asters amakhala ndi nthawi yodikira yobzala mbande ndipo amatenga sabata limodzi lokha (mbande zoyambirira zimatha kuoneka m'masiku angapo, zomaliza m'masiku 10-14). Mbande za Astra zimamva bwino mu kuziziritsa (koma osati kutsika kuposa 15 digiri Celsius) ndi kutentha kwa firiji. Ponyani zitsamba mukangowerenga tsamba loyambirira. Kuyenda ndi kufesa koyambirira kumachitika m'mbale zazing'onoting'ono, mabokosi, ngati afesedwa mochedwa, nthawi yomweyo m'mbale zodyeramo zamchere ndi potseguka pobisalira mozizira kwambiri. Pakubzala mbande m'nthaka, mawu oyenera mzere wapakati ndioyenera - kumapeto kwa Meyi kapena koyambirira kwa Juni, koma chifukwa chakuti mbewuyi imakana kulowa chisanu mpaka -4, kubzala moyenera kumatha "kusinthidwa" mpaka pakati pa Meyi.

Kubzala mwachindunji pa malo olimapo kumalumikizidwa ndi maluwa mochedwa kwambiri, omwe madera omwe ali ndi nyengo yotentha kwambiri sangatanthauze maluwa konse. Kwa iye, mitundu yoyambirira ndi yapakati yokha ya asters ndioyenera. Ndi njira yomera mbewu yolimba, imaphukira motalika komanso modabwitsa. Nthawi yabwino kwambiri yodzala aster m'nthaka ndi zaka eyiti m'mwezi wa Epulo komanso zaka khumi zoyambirira za Meyi, ndikubzala mbewu kuteteza kumatenda obwerera kapena nthawi yobzala yozizira. Ndi kufesa kwa nyengo yozizira, ma asters pachimera patangotha ​​masabata awiri okha kuposa kukula mbande. Kwa asters pasadakhale, ndibwino kugwa, muyenera kukonza malowo, kukumba mozama nthaka ndikuyambitsa feteleza wathunthu wamamineral ndi kompositi momwemo. Mbewu zofesedwa m'minda yopanda madzi. Pakubzala kwa masika, kucheka kudula. Mphukira zazing'ono zimakhala zatsopano pa masiku ofunda ndipo zimakutidwa ndi kuzizira, pang'onopang'ono. Kumatula kapena kubzala mtunda wa 10-15 masentimita pakati pa mbande kumachitika pambuyo pa kuwonekera kwa tsamba lokwanira lachitatu. Zomera zowonjezera zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mbande.

Bwino kubzala asters kwa mbande mu greenhouse ndi hotbeds, kukulolani kuti muchepetse chiyembekezo cha maluwa. Njirayi imakulanso makamaka oyambirira ndi pakati mitundu ya asters. Nthaka imakonzedwa pasadakhale, kuifetsa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda chimodzimodzi ndikukula mbande. Momwe kufesa ndi kukula sikusiyana ndi njira yodzala.