Physalis wakhala akudziwika kwa munthu kuyambira nthawi zakale. Oyamba kudziwa chomera ichi anali anthu aku North ndi South America, omwe adakula zaka 7000 BC. e. Komanso, mbewu ya mabulosi imeneyi imatha kulimidwa mikhalidwe ya dziko lathu. Tsoka ilo, siwamalimi onse omwe ali ndi chidziwitso chofunikira chokhudza kukula ndi kusamalira akatswiri. Chifukwa chake, ndizosowa kwambiri kupeza m'malo.
Koma ndiyenera kunena kuti anthu okhala chilimwe pachabe samanyalanyaza izi. Zipatso zake sizokoma kwambiri, komanso olemera mu michere, ndipo chifukwa chake amatha kupikisana ndi phwetekere pazofanana. Chifukwa chake, ngati mudayamba kuchita chidwi ndi akatswiri azachipatala, ndiye kuti zingakhale zosangalatsa kuti muphunzire zaukadaulo wokulitsa m'nyumba yanyumba kapena m'nyumba.
Kufotokozera ndi mawonekedwe achilengedwe a physalis
Mitundu ya Physalis imaphatikizapo mitundu yoposa 110 ya mbewu iyi. Komabe, ambiri a iwo ndi okulira, palibepo mitundu yambiri yamakhalidwe pakati pawo - 4 okha mdziko lathu, omwe ambiri ndi Mitundu ya physalis kapena Mexico, sitiroberi, ndi zipatso za gluten, koma chomaliza sichimakula.
Nthawi zambiri mumatha kukumana komanso kukongoletsa kwa physalis. Zipatso zake zamalalanje, zokumbukiranso nyali, nthawi zambiri zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga nyumba zamaluwa ndi makama amaluwa azitawuni. Ngakhale physalis ndi njira yachikale, komabe, agrotechnics yolimidwa yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito pamenepo imagwirizana ndi zochitika zaposachedwa. Chifukwa chake, monga njira zazikulu za kubereka, kufesa mbewu kapena kudula timagwiritsa ntchito.
Mexico physalis imamera ngati chitsamba chopanda kupindika, chofika kutalika kosaposa mita 1. Mitundu ya sitiroberi imawoneka yaying'ono kwambiri, yomwe imatha kukula mpaka mamita 0.5. Mukukula imapanga maluwa amodzi okha ndi mthunzi wosiyana - chikasu, zobiriwira, lalanje. Phale lautoto wolemera limasiyanitsidwanso ndi kapu yopangidwa ngati tochi. Imatha kukhala ndi chikasu, zobiriwira, lalanje, chofiira komanso chofiirira. Strawberry Physalis imakula zipatso zolemera 5-25 grkuchokera pomwe kununkhira kosalekeza kumachokera. Ukulu wake ndi zipatso za masamba physalis, zomwe zochuluka zake zimatha kukhala 25 mpaka 100 magalamu. Mbeu zokha ndizing'ono, zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito pofesa kwa zaka 8.
Masamba a Physalis akuimira banja la nightshade, lomwe limatentha kwambiri ndi kuzizira. Mphukira imatha kupirira chisanu mpaka 3 madigiri. Kusamalira chomera ndichovuta. Chomera ichi chimakonda malo a dzuwa, chimalekerera nthawi yachilala, chimamva bwino, ndichopepuka. Chofunikira ndichakuti kachilomboka ka mbatata ya Colorado sikusonyeza chidwi chilichonse cha physalis. Chikhalidwe ichi chimagonjetsedwa ndi vuto lakachedwa komanso matenda ena oyamba ndi fungus. Izi zimapangitsa kuti zikhale ponseponse, zimakupatsani mwayi wolima m'nyumba, komanso mdziko.
Zipatso za mbewu zomwe khala ndi kukomaMuli ndi zinthu zambiri zothandiza:
- shuga - 12,5%;
- fiber zothandiza - mpaka 1%;
- mapuloteni - pafupifupi 2 g;
- carotene -1.2 mg;
- Vitamini C - mpaka 30 mg.
Kuphatikizikako kumakhalanso ndi kuchuluka kwa organic polyacids ndi lysine, kuphatikiza komwe kumalumikizidwa ndi kuthekera kwake kupewa khansa.
Pang'ono pang'ono zamitundu ndi mitundu yotchuka
Kuti mukhale okhutira kwathunthu, ndibwino kuti musankhe mitundu yabwino kwambiri ya ma physali aulimi, omwe samayambitsa mavuto posamalira.
Mitundu ya Physalis
Mwa mitundu yonse ya zakudya zabwino, zosangalatsa kwambiri mawonekedwe oyipa. Ma gourmet ambiri ankakonda zipatso za mbewuyi. Chifukwa chake, nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuphika m'malesitilanti ambiri. Chomera chimodzi chimatha kubala zipatso 200 pachaka, zomwe zimakhala ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana. Chophimba cha tochi chimangokhala chosasinthika, chomwe chimakhala ndi utoto wachikasu. Vealis Vegetable amagwiritsidwa ntchito muzakudya mosiyana kwambiri: yaiwisi, yokazinga, mchere. Amagwiritsidwanso ntchito ngati maziko pokonza caviar, komanso confectionery yosiyanasiyana: marmalade, kupanikizana, zipatso zotsekemera, maswiti a zipatso.
Pakati pa mitundu pali mitundu yomwe ilimo katundu wabwino kwambiri:
- Korolek;
- Dothi la Gribovsky;
- Moscow koyambirira;
- Zazikulu zazikulu;
- Lichtarik.
Zomera zomwe zatchulidwa pamwambapa nthawi zambiri zimatumizidwa ku gulu la saladi.
Physalis sitiroberi ndi mabulosi
Mtundu uwu wa physalis umadziwika kuti Florida kapena pubescent. Amabzala zipatso zazing'ono zamiyala, koma zimakhala zotsekemera komanso zonunkhira bwino. Motere, amatha kupikisana ndi sitiroberi ndi raspberries, chifukwa ali ndi shuga wazipatso zowirikiza kawiri. Mwakuwoneka, ndi nzeru kukulitsa sitiroberi ngati wina m'banjamo ali ndi matenda a shuga. Zipatso khalani ndi chowala chowala chowala.
Chomera chimodzi chimatha kubereka mpaka 3 makilogalamu a zipatso zokoma pachaka chimodzi. Zitha kuthiridwa osati zatsopano, komanso zouma. Komabe, pankhaniyi, zosintha zimachitika ndi iwo: zipatso zouma zimafanana kwambiri ndi zoumba. Musanagwiritse ntchito muzakudya, zipatso za physalis ziyenera kuthandizidwa ndi madzi otentha. Izi zikuthandizani kuchotsa chinthu chomata chomwe chimapezeka pazipatsozo. Chifukwa cha izi, zipatsozi zimakhala ndi kukoma kosazolowereka komwe sikungakope munthu aliyense payekha. Malo abwino kwambiri okhala ndi zipatso za Maswiti ndi Philanthropist.
Physalis zoumba
Ndi chikhalidwe chizolowere kuti zosiyanasiyana sitiroberi physalis. Mtunduwu umawonekera ndi kukoma kosangalatsa koposa, popeza umakhala ndi acidity pang'ono ndi kununkhira kwa chinanazi. Madzi a chomera ichi, omwe amafanana ndi tangerine, ndi achilendo kwambiri.
Physalis Peruvian
Mitundu iyi imakhala ndi mafani ambiri padziko lonse lapansi. Kupadera kwake kwa zipatso zake kumapereka kukoma kochenjera ndi kuwawa, kumapangitsa kununkhira kwa mphesa kwa iwo. Zipatso zokha ndi zokulirapo komanso zopindika, zimachokera ku kununkhira kwa lalanje sitiroberi. Malo abwino kwambiri okhala ndi zipatso za Columbus, Kudesnik mitundu. Zikauma, zimafanana ndi ma apricots owuma, komabe, kusiyana kumakhalako, chifukwa kukoma kwawo kumawonekera kwambiri.
Physalis ndizokongoletsa
Chomera chimatha kutalika masentimita 60, chili ndi maluwa oyera omwe alibe mphamvu yokongoletsera. Physalis imayamba kusintha ndikutuluka kwa nthawi yophukira, ikawoneka magetsi nyali za lalanje zokhala ndi zipatso zofiira mkati. Komabe, nyali zotere sizimatenga nthawi yayitali ndipo pang'onopang'ono zimasintha mtundu kuti uziwonekera.
Pakadali pano, mitsempha ndi zipatso zokha ndizomwe zimatha kusiyanitsidwa. Kukula physalis ndi masewera olimbitsa thupi osavuta, chifukwa ndizosatha, yomwe imakulitsa chizimba chake kwa zaka zambiri. Nthambi zokhala ndi tochi zimakhala ndi zokongoletsera zowala, motero zimatha kuphatikizidwa m'maluwa owuma. Chomera chimapanga bwino kwambiri kuphatikiza ndi lorera.
Kukula physalis kuchokera ku mbewu
Pali lingaliro kuti physalis ndi chisankho chabwino kwambiri kwa wamaluwa aulesi. Ndipo pali kulongosoka koyenera kwa izi. Maukwati sikuti amalimbana ndi chisanu, komanso zipatso zake zimakhwima msanga. Kupereka zabwino nthawi, kumatha kubala zipatso zambiri.
Wosamalira mundawo samatha nthawi yochulukirapo komanso kuchita zambiri kuti akule mbande za mbewu. M'malo mwake, kumayambiriro kwa kasupe, mutha kubzala mbewu panthaka. Komanso, izi zidzafunika kuchitika kamodzi kokha. Pambuyo pake iye apanga mbewuzomwe zimakupatsani mbewu zatsopano. Komabe, ngati nkofunikira kuti muthe kupeza zipatso zabwino za chipatso cha matenda msanga, ndibwino kugwiritsa ntchito njira yolimitsa.
Mwakutero, wosamalira mundawo safunika kuyang'ana pamundawu kuti apeze zipatso zochulukirapo kuchokera pambewu. Chomera chimamera bwino pamtunda wamchenga komanso wamchenga, zinthu sizisintha kwambiri, ngati m'malo mwa malo owunikiridwa mbuto zamtundu wa digito pamthunzi.
Kufesa mbewu za mbande
Mutha kukonzekera ntchito iyi mukatha Chaka Chatsopano. Pazifukwa izi, tikulimbikitsidwa kugwiritsa ntchito zida zina, mwachitsanzo, Makapu 0,5 lita.
- kumayambiriro kwa Marichi, amaziika m'gulu la maluwa kapena maluwa m'bokosi;
- ikafika nthawi yoti mubzale mbande panthaka, muyenera kusamala kwambiri kuti musawononge mizu mukamagawa tchire;
- kutentha mutayikidwa pamwamba pa madigiri 8, mutha kuyamba kuumitsa mbande, chifukwa mbande izi zimayamba kupuma.
Kupanga miyala
Kuti zipatso zoyamba zitheke, pafupifupi masiku 100 ziyenera kudutsa kuchokera pomwe mbewu zimayamba. Zipatso za mitembo zimamera pamalo a nthambiwo. Zambiri mwa mbewu zimapangidwa pa mphukira ziwiri zoyambirira ndi mphukira zinayi zachiwiri. M'madera ena, zipatsozo zimamera payekhapayekha, ndipo nthawi zambiri zimakhala ndi mitundu yayikulu.
Kubala chipatso imapitiliza mpaka chisanu choyamba. Ndikotheka kudziwa kuti zipatsozo zacha ndikusintha mtundu ndi kuyamba kukhetsa. Kukolola zipatso za edified edali kumalimbikitsidwa kuti zikonzekeretsedwe patsiku lotentha. Kumayambiriro kwa Seputembala, muyenera kutsina nsonga, chifukwa, chomeracho sichitha mphamvu pakukula kwa nthambi, koma pakupanga zipatso.
Nthawi zina chifukwa cha kuzizira, zipatso zambiri sizikhala ndi nthawi yokwanira kukhwima. Zikatero, mutha kuwongolera vutoli mwa kucha. Wosamalira mundawo adzafunika kukumba chitsamba kuchokera pansi ndi mizu, kusamutsa ku chipinda chouma chopanda chisanu ndikukupachika. Muyezo womwewo umakulolani kukolola mpaka Chaka Chatsopano, ndipo nthawi zina kufikira nthawi yamasika. Wosamalira mundawo sadzachitapo kanthu: zipatsozo zikapsa, iwonso adzagwa. Koma pansi pa zomerazi muyenera kuyika chaza chofewa kuti chisawonongeke. Nthawi zambiri zipatso zamphongo za viralis popanda zofooka zimakhazikika mu miyezi 3-4. Zipatso zakucha zitha kusungidwa kwa miyezi iwiri pa kutentha kwa 1 mpaka 5-6 madigiri.
Mbeu zodalirika za thupi zimakololedwa pogwiritsa ntchito ukadaulo womwewo monga phwetekere.
Choyamba, zipatso zabwino, zazikulu, zakhwima zimasankhidwa, zomwe zimayenera kudulidwa m'magawo awiri, kuyikidwa mu chidebe chodzazidwa ndi madzi amvula, ndikuloledwa kuyimirira kwa maola 24 kuti zamkati zizikhala zofewa. M'tsogolomu, ndikofunikira kupatutsa nthano ndi zamkati pogwiritsa ntchito sume, ndiye kuti muzimutsuka ndikuuma. Zipatso za thupi zimakhala ndi njere zazing'ono kwambiri - 1 gramu zoposa 1000.
Ngati wokonza dimba atakula mitundu ingapo pamalopo, ndiye kuti kuthekera kwa kusakaniza kwawo ndikwambiri. Ndi mbewuyo imagwidwa mungu ndi ena. Nthawi yomweyo, zipatso za zakudya zabwino zomwe zimapangidwira chifukwa cha kupukutidwa ndi mitundu ingapo zimakhala zofanana ndikuwoneka monga zoyambirira, ndipo nthawi zina zimaposa.
Pomaliza
Pakati pazikhalidwe zodziwika bwino pali zambiri zomwe omwe amalima ambiri mosadandaula. Zoteronso ndi physalis, yomwe imapanga zipatso zosangalatsa za utoto wowala wa lalanje. Ndiosavuta kumusamalira, chifukwa amatha kumera panthaka iliyonse. Kuphatikiza apo, nthawi zina, simungataye nthawi ndi mphamvu pakukula mbande, koma kufesa mbewu nthawi yomweyo. Izi zikuyenera kuchitika kamodzi kokha, chifukwa m'tsogolo mtsogolo zigawo zazing'ono zimayamba kukula kuchokera ku chitsamba cha physalis.
