Pelargonium (Geranium) ndi maluwa a semi-shrub kapena herbaceous omwe ali m'gulu la geraniums. Zoposa 400 zamitundu yake zimapezeka m'makona onse padziko lapansi. Ili ndi dzina lake kuchokera kwa Ahelene chifukwa cha mawonekedwe a chipatsocho, chomwe chimafanana ndi mulomo wankhwangwala, ndipo ku Germany duwa ili limatchedwa "mphuno ya dokowe."
Pelargonium idatumizidwa ku Europe kuchokera ku Africa m'zaka za zana la 17. Kununkhira kwachilendo komanso kukongoletsa kwa mtengowo kunamupangitsa kuti atchuke kwambiri m'mabwalo azachipembedzo, ndipo pambuyo poti geranium itayamba kuwonekera m'minda yamakalasi ena. Pelargonium anabwera kudziko lathu m'zaka za zana la 18, ndipo kuyambira pamenepo wakhala maluwa wokondedwa kwambiri pafupifupi onse wamaluwa. Izi ndichifukwa cha maluwa okongola, kukula mwachangu ndi kuzindikira mosasamala.
Zosiyanasiyana za pelargonium: chithunzi ndi mafotokozedwe
Mu chilengedwe, pali mitundu 250 ya majeremusi. Kukula kwa obereketsa kunatipatsa mwayi wopanga ma hybrids ambiri ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana mawonekedwe, mtundu wa masamba ndi inflorescence. M'kati mwa pelargonium imagawika m'magulu angapo:
- Zamisonkhano;
- Zonal
- Wapadera
- Zonunkhira;
- Royal;
- Mngelo
- Zabwino.
Zone Pelargonium
Mitundu iyi yamaluwa ndiyotchuka kwambiri, komanso mitundu yambiri yamtundu, wokhala ndi mitundu yambiri. Mitundu yonse ya geranium iyi ndiyokhazikika ndipo imadziwika ndi maluwa opusa.. Nthawi zambiri, mitundu yonse yamkati yamtunduwu imakhala ndi mtengo wowongoka wokhala ndi masamba owoneka bwino komanso mawonekedwe a bulauni kapena ofiira. Masamba amitundu iyi ndi pubescent, ndipo nthawi yomweyo amapanga fungo lachilendo.
Malinga ndi mawonekedwe a maluwa, zonal pelargoniums ndi:
- Terry - pamaluwa ochulukirapo kuposa pamiyala 8;
- Theka-pawiri - pa maluwa mpaka pamtengo wa 8;
- Mwachizolowezi - khalani ndi ma petals a 5.
Maonekedwe a maluwa amtunduwu amakhalanso osiyana:
- Tulip, yofanana ndi maluwa a tulips otsekedwa;
- Ma rosebud, okhala ndi maluwa opinki kapena ofiira, ofanana ndi maluwa osatseguka kwathunthu;
- Cacti wokhala ndi zopindika zopindika komanso zopapatiza amafanana ndi chrysanthemum yofiyira;
- Masamba, masamba ndi maluwa amabwereza mawonekedwe a nyenyezi;
- Formosa, ndi maluwa mu mawonekedwe a asterisk ndi masamba odulidwa mbali 5;
- Madikoni, maluwa ang'onoang'ono akukumana m'maluwa ofiirira, ofiira ndi apinki.
Mitundu ya ma petals imadziwikanso ndi mitundu yake. Amatha kukhala amitundu yambiri, amitundu iwiri kapena amtundu umodzi, popanda malire. Maluwa amtundu wotchedwa "mazira a mbalame", amakhala ndi mavova amdima obiriwira okhala ndi madontho ndi mikwingwirima. Maluwa a mitundu yotereyi ya pelargonium amapezeka nthawi yonse ya chilimwe, ndipo ngati chomera sichinayikidwe munthawi yozizira, chimatha kutulutsa chaka chonse.
Zonal pelargoniums imagawidwanso kutalika:
- Microminiature - mpaka 14 cm;
- Khwangwala - 14-25 cm;
- Zabwinobwino - 25-70 cm;
- Irene - mpaka 70 cm.
Dzinalo la mtundu wamtunduwu wa geranium limaperekedwa kutengera mtundu wa masamba omwe ali ndi madera omveka bwino, gawo lapakati ndi kukulira liri ndi mthunzi wosiyana. Malirewo amatha kukhala ofiira, oyera, amtambo komanso burgundy. Chapakati pa tsamba chimatha kukhala chosiyana kwambiri, ngakhale chakuda, siliva kapena golide. Pali mitundu yokhala ndi masamba a tricolor.
Royal pelargonium
Imatengedwa ngati mtengo wokongola kwambiri wamtunduwu. Ali ndi maluwa akuluakulu amitundu yosiyanasiyana: pinki, yoyera, yofiirira, burgundy komanso yofiyira. Danga lamaluwa limatha kufika masentimita 16. Ndipo kukula kwake komweko.
Zophatikiza zamtengowu zidayamba kuwoneka m'zaka za m'ma 1800, ndipo geranium yachifumu idakhala yokondedwa ndi wamaluwa padziko lonse lapansi. Iye Maluwa akuluakulu awiri kapena owonekera bwino ali ndi miyala ya petals kapena ya wavypamakhala mikwingwirima kapena malo amdima nthawi zonse, komwe ndi mawonekedwe a mitundu iyi. Mitengo iwiri pamwambapa ndi yayikulu komanso yabwino kwambiri kuposa enawo.
Zomera zimatha kutalika kufika mpaka masentimita 15. Ngati mungayang'ane chithunzi cha geranium yachifumu, mutha kuwona kuti masamba osakhwima ndi omata ali ofanana kwambiri ndi masamba a mapulo, ndipo nthawi yomweyo amakhala onse owonekera komanso owala.
Mtundu uwu wa pelargonium uli duwa loyera kwambiri kuposa ma geranium onse, pomwe nthawi yamaluwa ndiyifupi kwambiri kuposa ya ena (osaposa miyezi 4), ndipo imachitika kokha zaka ziwiri zitakula.
Zonunkhira za pelargonium
Mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya ma geranium iyi imakhala ndi fungo labwino kwambiri, chifukwa idatchedwa ndi dzina komanso kudziwika kuti alimiwo ndiwotani. Ngati mungakhudze tsamba la chomera pang'ono, mutha kumva fungo lamphamvu mosiyanasiyana, pakati pawo mumatha kumva ndimu, rose, sitiroberi, ginger, mbewa.
Mpaka pano, ma hybrbr akhala akuphidwa komwe kununkhira ngati apulo, nutmeg, lilac, amondi, paini komanso chinanazi ndi kiwi.
Maluwa a chipinda chino pelargonium ndi ochepa ndipo, monga lamulo, okhala ndi utoto wofiirira kapena wapinki, komanso mawonekedwe osiyanasiyana. Masamba ofunika owoneka bwino ali ndi magawo 5-7. Mu chithunzi mutha kuwona kuti masamba a geranium onunkhira amawoneka ngati terry.
Kugwiritsa ntchito kununkhira kwa pelargonium
Mafuta a Geranium, omwe ali ndi zinthu zambiri zapadera, amachotsedwa pamtunduwu ndipo amagwiritsa ntchito kwambiri mankhwala, zonunkhira, zodzikongoletsera komanso kuphika. Mafuta awa amawonjezeranso zakumwa zakumwa, ma jellies ndi maswiti. Madontho angapo amafuta awa amachotsedwa, nthawi zina amakumana, fungo losasangalatsa la mkaka.
Masamba amtunduwu amawonjezeredwa ndi tiyi, ma pie ndi mbale zamtundu wa zipatso.. Mothandizidwa ndi iwo amapanga shuga onunkhira. Chifukwa chiyani zigawo za shuga ndi masamba zimayikidwa mu chidebe chagalasi. Bank masiku 14 ayikidwa padzuwa. Masamba akachotsedwa, shuga yemweyo amagwiritsidwa ntchito kupangira mbale zosiyanasiyana.
Pelargonium Pelargonium
Mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya geranium iyi ndi mitundu yazipatso zam'mera wa herbaceous. Mphukira zosalimba komanso zamaluwa zimatha kutalika mpaka mita 1. Masamba ofiira amtundu wobiriwira wamtundu wa asterisk amafanana ndi ivy, yemwe adapereka dzina ili.
Maluwa omwe ali mu tulo amatha kukhala owirikiza, owirikiza kawiri komanso osavuta mpaka 5 cm. Maluwa amachitika kuyambira kumayambiriro kwa chilimwe mpaka kumapeto.
Wowoneka wokongola monga chokongoletsera cha loggias ndi khonde, kuphatikiza apo, mumphika umodzi wokutira kuti ubzale mitundu ingapo yamitundu yosiyanasiyana ya masamba.
Mngelo wa Pelargonium
Geranium yamtunduwu imadziwika ndi viola inflorescence omwe amafanana ndi maluwa a Pansy. Bzalani mpaka 35c wamtali (ndikudulira kosalekeza) ali ndi mawonekedwe okongola, opatsa ulemu komanso osasamala. Maluwa amapitilira nthawi yonse yotentha, maluwa amatha kukhala opinki, oyera, ofiirira, a lilac okhala ndi mikwingwirima yakuda kapena mawanga pamiyala iwiri yapamwamba.
Pelargonium ndi wapadera
Zaka za maluwa amenewa zimakhala ndi zaka zopitilira zana limodzi. Zapaderazi zidapezeka ndikudutsa mitundu yowoneka bwino komanso yachifumu. Masamba obiriwira obiriwira omwe ali pamizimba ali othandiza khungu ndipo amakhala ndi fungo lonunkhira. Maluwa amawoneka ngati ma geraniums achifumukoma ochepera pang'ono. Monga lamulo, iwo ali ndi pakati pa mitundu yoyera ndi utoto wofiira wa masamba. Zosiyanasiyana za pinki ndi zoyera ndizochepa. Mitundu ina imasiyanitsidwa ndi mitsempha yakuda ndi mawanga.
Zosangalatsa pelargonium
Uwu ndi mtundu wachilendo wa geranium. Zomwe zimayambira pamera pake ndizoyambira pansipa zimapindika komanso kupindika. Ndi mpweya wowuma komanso kuthirira mofooka, chitsamba chimataya masamba ake. Mtengowo uli ndi mawonekedwe owoneka bwino omwe amafanana ndi zolengedwa zosiyana zokongola. Nthambi nthawi zina zimakhala ndi timinsana. Maluwa nthawi zambiri amasankhidwa kukongoletsa bonsai, komanso m'malo azomera zachilendo zokongoletsa chipindacho. Mwa mitundu 10 ya mbewu iyi, monga lamulo, mutha kupeza geranium cortusolum, humpback, fluffy, minofu, angular ndi wandiweyani.
Ndimu ya Pelargonium
Mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya ma geranium iyi yatchuka chifukwa cha masamba obiriwira kwambiri, masamba obiriwira owoneka bwino. Tchire ndi lalitali, limatha kukula mpaka 1.5 metres. Mukakhudza masamba amayamba kupatsa kununkhira kwamphamvu kwa ndimu.
Mphamvu zakuchiritsa kwama geraniums
Mwa machiritso apadera amitundu yambiri yama geranium, Bulgarians amachitcha "restort health". Ndipo, zimathandizira ndi matenda ambiri:
- Kupweteka kwam mano kumatha ngati mukumangirira geranium kwakanthawi kochepa pakamwa panu;
- Kutupa ndi kumva kupweteka ndi otitis kumatha kuchotsedwa ndi masamba ophwanyidwa a pelargonium onunkhira, ngati atayika khutu;
- Kulowetsedwa kwa Geranium ndikwabwino kupsinjika ndi neurosis, komanso kumachita gout ndi chimfine;
- Tsamba la geranium lomwe limamangiriridwa m'chiuno limakhazikika pamphamvu;
- Kwa kuyabwa, mabala, kutupa, ndi chikanga, masamba osamba amagwiritsidwa ntchito;
- Fungo lokhala ndi maluwa limachotsa kusakwiya, kusowa tulo komanso mutu;
- Chomera chimathandizanso ziweto zapakhomo kugwira nthito za khutu;
- Decoctions mizu ndi masamba amagwiritsidwa ntchito matenda a impso, mchere mawonekedwe ndi shuga.
Pelargonium mafuta katundu
Ponena za pelargonium, ndizosatheka kutchula mafuta ofunikira, omwe amapangidwa kuchokera pachomera ichi. Masiku ano, popanda kugwiritsa ntchito, zodzikongoletsera, kapena zonunkhira, kapena zotulutsa, kapenanso makampani a sopo sangathe. Komanso, popanda mafuta awa, kupaka utoto ndi kuvala zamtundu wina wa khungu ndikosatheka.
Mankhwalawa wowerengeka, madontho angapo amafuta omwe amawonjezeredwa mu kapu yamadzi amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza zilonda zam'mimba, matenda amkodzo, kutsegula m'mimba, shuga, komanso magazi.
Komanso, mafuta awa ndi anthelmintic. Malo osambira mafuta amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati eczema, kuwotcha, kuthamanga kwa magazi komanso mutu.
Koma musaiwale kuti, monga njira zina zonse zamankhwala Kugwiritsa ntchito geranium kuli ndi zotsutsanapamene sangathe m'malo mankhwala. Chifukwa chake, musanayambe chithandizo ndi chithandizo chake, ndikofunikira kukaonana ndi dokotala.
Geranium imayeretsa bwino mpweya, imachotsa fungo losasangalatsa (mwachitsanzo, cinder). Nthawi yomweyo, amalimbana bwino ndi njenjete, ntchentche ndi udzudzu.
Zolemba zokhudzana ndi Geranium
Duwa ili limadziwika kuti ndi talisman lomwe limateteza nyumbayo m'mavuto ambiri ndipo sililola anthu omwe ali ndi zolinga zoyipa kulowa nawo. Chomera chimakhala ndi mphamvu, chifukwa chake, zikhulupiriro zambiri komanso zizindikiro zomwe zimagwirizanitsidwa ndi icho zimakhala ndi mawonekedwe abwino.
Ngati duwa ili mnyumba, ndiye Pafupifupi mabanja sakhala ndi nkhawa komanso samakangana. Malinga ndi zikhulupiriro zakale, mafuta a geranium amateteza ku maso oyipa, mphamvu zamdima ndi mizimu ina yoyipa. Ndipo atsikanawo ananyamula zikwama zazing'onoting'ono za geranium kuti akope akazi. Ndipo amathandizanso azimayi achikulire kuti azisamalira ubwana wawo komanso kukopa.
Kuphukira kwa geranium yoyera kunali chizindikiro chowonjezerapo kwa banjali, chifukwa pali chizolowezi chowupereka kwa mabanja omwe kwa nthawi yayitali sangakhale ndi ana. Nthawi yomweyo, ma geraniums oyera amatetezedwa kuti asawonongeke komanso kuwonongeka.
Koma ma geraniums ofiira ndi othandiza kwa mabanja omwe amakangana nthawi zonse. Duwa ili limabweretsa mtendere m'nyumba ndikuchotsa malingaliro onse osalimbikitsa.
Udindo wofunikira mu geraniums pinki. Atha kutsitsimutsa malingaliro akumwalira a okwatirana kwanthawi yayitali. Amabwezeretsa zokonda, chikondi ndi changu mu maubale. Amagwiritsidwanso ntchito motsutsana ndi ufiti. Popeza ndi maluwa osangalatsa, amalangizidwa kuti azisunga m'nyumba momwe anthu okhala momwe amapangidwira amakhala.
Komanso Pali chikhulupiriro chakuti geranium, makamaka yofiira, imathandiza eni ake kugwiritsa ntchito bwino ndalamazomwe zimagwirizana ndi kukhala ndi chuma. Ndipo ngati muyika pafupi ndi poto la azaleas, ndiye kuti kuchuluka kwa ndalama ndikosakayika.
Okhulupirira nyenyezi amati mkati mwa nyumba zamkati zimatha kuthetsa mkwiyo ndi mkwiyo, kupatutsa mphamvu zopanda pake mzipinda, kumatha kuseka komanso kupumula.
M'malo omwe kuli geranium, sipamakhala njoka.
Ngati mbewu iyi ili ndi gawo limodzi la zomwe zalembedwa, ndiye funso loti kodi ndizotheka kubzala geranium kunyumba ikasowa yokha, kuyiyika pawindo lanu, mwina ndizotheka kukongoletsa nyumba yanu, komanso kuthana ndi mavuto ambiri m'banja ndi kunyumba .
