Kudzala kosatha ndi kubzala kutchire Kukula kwa mbeu Zodula Photo

Begonia yoyenda nthawi zonse pobzala komanso chisamaliro

Kutanthauzira kwa Botanical

Gulu lalikulu la mitengo ya “evergreen begonia” (Begonia Semperflorens Hybrids) ndi gulu lalikulu la mitundu ya hybrid begonia. Zokhudza banja la Begonia. Imakhala ndi zitsamba zamtundu umodzi kapena zosatha, zitsamba zowoneka bwino, osapitirira 30 cm. Mapesi ndi amtundu, wobiriwira, nthambi. Masamba owongoka, zigawo za wavy, pamakhala kupindika pang'ono. Mitundu ya masamba imaphatikizapo mithunzi yosiyanasiyana yobiriwira, mitundu ina - burgundy.

Maluwa ndimagonana amuna okhaokha, chifukwa amuna - 4 pamakhala, ndipo azimayi amakhala ndi 5. Mitundu ya pastel yoyera ndi yofiyira, ilipo pawiri: miyala yoyera yamkati yokhala ndi malire a mtundu wowala wa pinki kapena mikwingwirima yofiira. Maluwa ndi osavuta kapena owirikiza (amafanana ndi maluwa ang'onoang'ono), ophatikizidwa ndi peduncle yotsika ya zidutswa za 2-4.

Mbewu za begonia zimayenda nthawi zonse, zazing'ono kwambiri, zimatha kufotokozedwa ngati fumbi losalala la mtundu wakuda. Gramu imodzi ya kulemera ili ndi pafupifupi 85,000 mbewu, kumera kumakhalabe zaka zitatu.

Kodi begonia nthawi yachisanu mpaka kalekale?

Begonia nthawi zonse imakhala ikuyenda mosangalatsa kwa opanga mawonekedwe chifukwa maluwa amatenga nthawi yayitali, koma pamalo otseguka imakulira kokha ngati pachaka, sichingalole kuti nthawi yozizira ikhale m'malo apakati Russia.

Mitundu ya Begonia ili ndi mitundu yoposa chikwi chimodzi ndi theka, dzinalo limaperekedwa polemekeza Michel Begon - Kazembe wa San Domingo. M'malo achilengedwe omwe amakhala ku Africa, South America, pazisumbu za ku Malaysia.

Pamene begonia limamasula nthawi zonse kutuwa

Kubzala mitengo ya Begonia nthawi zonse komanso kusamalira poyera

Mtengowo umagwirizana kwathunthu ndi dzina la mtunduwo, popeza nthawi yamaluwa imayamba mu Meyi ndipo imatha mpaka nthawi yophukira. Ojambula maluwa amutcha kukongola kwamaluwa nthawi zonse, chifukwa ndizomera zochepa zomwe "zimatha kudzitama" nthawi yayitali yotuwa.

Chigawo cha Begonia

Kuwala

Malo abwino kubzala begonias ali pansi pa korona wamitengo kapena mitengo yayitali, m'malo otero, maluwa adzakhala okongola.

Itha kubzalidwe m'malo a dzuwa, koma ndikasinthasintha masana: pansi pa kuwala kwa dzuwa, kukula kwake kumachepa, kukongoletsa kumatha. Mthunzi wamphamvu, mphukira zimakulitsidwa. M'magawo onse awiri, masamba a masamba amatha kutaya zolembedwa za anthocyanin, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mthunzi wa motley utayike, amasintha zobiriwira zakuda.

Kutentha ndi chinyezi

Begonias ndiwotentha komanso wachikondi. Ndikusowa chinyontho ndi mpweya, kuchuluka kwa inflorescence kumachepa. Kutentha kochepa kuphatikiza ndi chinyezi chochepa kumathandizira kukula kwamtundu wa tchire, zimayambira ndi masamba, ndipo kukula kwamaluwa kumachepa, koma maluwa amakula.

Mitundu yamakono imasiyana mosiyana ndi inzake:

Mitundu yapadera idapangidwa kuti ikhale malo otentha otentha omwe amakula bwino pamatenthedwe komanso chinyezi chochepa;
Mitundu ina imapangidwira kutentha kozizira, kupirira kutentha kwa 0 ° C.

Dothi

Begonias ndi osazindikira pakusankha dothi, nthaka yolimidwa wamba ndiyabwino. Kuti maluwa azikhala odzala, pamafunika dothi labwino, losalongosoka pang'ono kapena lodana ndi asidi. Kuti muthane ndi zokula, ikani manyowa m'nthaka ndi humus (yoyambitsidwa ndikuzama kukumba mwezi 1 musanabzalire, 2-3 kg pa 1 m² mudzafunika).

Ngati dongo ndi lolemera, onjezani mchenga komanso ma coarse kuwonjezera. Onetsetsani kuti nthangala yake siyidandaula: musabzale m'malo otsika, ndikamapezeka madzi pansi, mumange bedi lalitali.

Kukula wobzala wobiriwira nthawi zonse kuyambira mbande zapakhomo

Chithunzi cha Begonia chithunzi

Podzala mbewu za begonia chifukwa cha mbande

Mbeu za Begonia ndizochepa kwambiri, kotero pofesa yunifolomu ayenera kusakanikirana ndi mchenga. Bzalani m'malo obisalamo kale mu Januware, ndipo mukukula mbande muzipinda, yambani kufesa ndi kuchuluka kwa nthawi yayitali masana (February-Marichi). Komabe, ndibwino kutengera kuyatsa kowonjezera.

Momwe amafesa

Chithunzi cha begonia chikamera

Monga dothi, tengani gawo limodzi kuti mulime mbande kapena dothi losakanikirana ndi dothi lamasamba, humus ndi mchenga wamtsinje (2: 1: 1). Dzazani mitsuko yayikulu (mbale kapena bokosi lomera) ndi nthaka, gawani mbewuzo pansi, simuyenera kuziwaza ndi dothi. Nyowetsani mbewuyo mwa kupopera mbewu ndi sipinalala yabwino, kutentha kwa madzi kuyenera kukhala kotentha kwa 2 ° C kuposa kutentha kwa chipinda.

Pamwamba pa zotengera zomwe muli ndi mbewu zokutira ndi filimu kapena galasi. Osaloleza kuvunditsidwa mkati - kutembenuza mbewu ndikotheka. Tsegulani kwa mphindi zochepa tsiku lililonse kuti mulowetse mpweya wabwino, ndipo mutatha kuthirira (kutsanulira kuchokera kutsina labwino) musiyeni osabisala kwa maola 1.5-2. Ndikamera mbande, zomwe zimachitika masiku 14 mutabzala, chotsani pogona.

Kutentha kwabwino kwa kumera kwa mbewu ndi kosiyanasiyana 20 20 ° C. Choyamba, mbande zimamera pang'onopang'ono, mbande zikamera, muchepetse kutentha kwa mpweya mpaka mulingo wa 17-19 ° C, mthunzi kuchokera pakulowera dzuwa ndikusintha ndikuwonjezera kowunikira ndi phytolamp.

Momwe mungayeretse mbande ya chithunzi

Mukapangidwa masamba awiri enieni, dzalani zipatsozi zing'onozing'ono m'mbale (makapu apulasitiki, mapeyala a peat kapena maluwa). Pitilizani kuthirira pang'ono.

Kuzikongoletsa

Asanabzike pabedi, mbande ziyenera kuumitsidwa. Masabata angapo asanaikidwe pa masiku ofunda, pang'onopang'ono mutsegule malo obiriwira, ndikutulutsa mbuto "zamkati" kwa maola angapo kunja (khonde lotseguka, dimba).

Kubzala mbande za begonia nthawi zonse kutuluka panthaka

Nyemba za Begonia zakonzeka kubzala m'nthaka

Begonia imasungidwa malo otseguka ndikukhazikitsa kutentha koona (pafupifupi kuyambira m'ma Meyi).

Thirirani mbande bwino ndikulola kuti ziyime, kuti dothi lonyowa litulutsidwe bwino kuchokera kumakoma a mphikawo (ngati mutasunthira mumagulu osiyana). Pangani mabowo kukula kwa mizu. Yesetsani kusunga dongo lofika kwambiri momwe mungathere kuti musawononge mizu.

Sanjani mbande ku dzenje, dzazani nthaka, mopepuka dothi lozungulira mmera. Ndikwabwino kuzama khosi lamizu ndi masentimita 1-2, kenako mizu yowonjezera imawonekera mofulumira. Ngati khosi mizu ndi lokwera kwambiri kuposa mulingo wa dothi, mbewuyo singazike mizu bwino, mwina imathauma.

Mukamayang'ana mtunda pakati pa mbewu zokhazokha, yang'anani kutalika kwake ndi cholinga chodzala. Kuti maluwa atha kukongoletsa mwachangu, sungani malo ena okwana masentimita 10. M'malo obzala malire, pamafunika mtunda wa masentimita 15. Mukakulira mu bokosi kapena chidebe, dzalani mwamphamvu (timapepala ta zikumera tikuyenera kulumikizana).

Kufalikira kwa begonia nthawi zonse odulidwa

Momwe mungadule chithunzi cha begonia cha cuttings

Zomera zamasamba zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mitundu ya terry ndi kawiri-kawiri kusunga mwapadera mawonekedwe a mitunduyo.

Kuti zifalitsidwe ndi maudzu, masamba obiriwira okhazikika ayenera kusamutsidwa kumalo osungirako nyengo yachisanu. Kumayambiriro kwa Marichi, chepetsa tchire (izi zodulidwa ndizabwino kuti zisagwiritsidwe ntchito pofalitsa, chifukwa zimakhala zofooka pambuyo pakuphuka nyengo yachisanu). Madzi pafupipafupi ndikugwiritsa ntchito feteleza wama mineral masiku 10 aliwonse. Mphukira zopatsa thanzi zimera posachedwa.

Mu Marichi-Epulo, kudula kudula kwa iwo, aliyense wa iwo azikhala ndi ma inform awiri awiri. Muzu wamchenga kapena madzi oyera, ikani pansi pagalasi (chivundikiro ndi mtsuko), perekani kutentha kwa mpweya pakati pa 22-24 ° C.

Mukazika mizu m'madzi, mudzazindikira mizu yatsopano momveka bwino, ndipo mukazika mizu mu mchenga mutha kudziwa izi pofika masamba atsopano. Pambuyo pamasabata atatu a kukula, mubzale pamalo okhazikika pomwe mukukula.

Kusamalira begbola wobiriwira nthawi zonse m'munda

Begonia yatulutsa maluwa maluwa m'mundamo

Begonia yoyenda nthawi zonse kutuluka sikutanthauza chidwi chochuluka.

Momwe mungamwere

Madzi wobiriwira nthawi zonse, komanso pafupipafupi masiku 5. Kuthirira m'mawa kapena nthawi yamadzulo, gwiritsani ntchito madzi ofunda, ofewa (osakhazikika kapena amvula).

Momwe mungadyetse

Maluwa amatuluka mphamvu zimatha mphamvu ya mbewuyo, choncho patsani masiku 10 aliwonse. Mutha kugwiritsa ntchito feteleza pamaluwa kapena maluwa osakaniza: 20 g wa superphosphate, 10 g wa mchere wa potaziyamu ndi 0,02 g wa potaziyamuanganamu (manganese) pa 10 l yamadzi, kumwa pa 1 m² chiwembu. Mutha kusinthana ndi organic: yankho la nkhuku ya manyowa mu chiwerengero cha 1 mpaka 20.

Begonia imayamba maluwa nthawi yozizira

Nthawi zambiri, zipatso zobiriwira nthawi zonse zimakula ngati pachaka, koma zimatha kusunthidwa kuti zikhale nyengo yachisanu kuti zizipitilira maluwa ake. M'dzinja, isanayambike chisanu, muyenera kukumba masamba, kuwabzala m'miphika ndikuwatumiza kuchipinda. Valani zenera loyatsa bwino, kudula kwambiri mphukira komanso matenda, chotsani inflorescence, madzi pang'ono ndi chakudya.

Matenda ndi Tizilombo

Begonia yomwe imakulidwa m'nyumba kapena m'malo obisalamo nkhwawa nthawi zambiri imagwidwa ndi tizilombo. Tizilombo zazikulu ndi tizilombo tating'onoting'ono, tizilombo tambiri tambiri, tinthu tating'onoting'ono, matchuthi, nematode, zovala zoyera. Kuti muthane nawo, gwiritsani ntchito mankhwalawa.

Chifukwa chakusankhika mosayenera malo osafunikira (kuthina) kapena kuthirira kwambiri, matenda otsatirawa amakhudzidwa: zowola za imvi, zotsekemera za ufa, mphete kapena mabakiteriya. Chitani tchire ndi fungicidal kukonzekera.

Begonia yomwe imakonda maluwa popanga mawonekedwe

Begonia idayamba kutulutsa mawonekedwe a chithunzi ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana

Begonia yomwe nthawi zonse imayenda kudera lotseguka imagwiritsidwa ntchito kukongoletsa mabedi a maluwa, mabedi a maluwa, kupanga zowala pamtunda paudzu, m'malire a m'malire, zitha kubzalidwa ngati bwalo lamtunda.

Begonia ikutulutsa maluwa kutulutsa chithunzi

Mabanja oyenerera ndi senpolia, nemesia, pyrethrum, mane wakuda, stonecrops, lobelia, aster, ageratum, balsamine, verbena, cineraria, fescue.

Begonia ikutulutsa maluwa kuthengo

Kuphatikizika kwa Posh: kutsutsana ndi mbiri ya maluwa opitilira muyeso a begonia, maluwa okongola kapena maluwa wamba akukwera.

Begonia ikutulutsa maluwa nthawi yayitali

Mitundu yabwino kwambiri ya begonia yotulutsa maluwa

Wamtali (mpaka 40 cm kutalika):

Volumiya - mitundu yosiyanasiyana imakana kutentha ndi chilala. Mphukira ndi masamba obiriwira kwambiri. Maluwa ndi oyera-oyera, pinki, ofiira okongola, awiri-toni.
Stara - gawo lakuthwa kwamtundu wakuda wobiriwira, inflorescence yaying'ono, mitundu yosiyanasiyana.
Mapiko a Mwana - masamba ndi obiriwira, inflorescence ndi omveka bwino kapena awiri-toni.
Lotto - zimayambira ndi masamba a emerald hue, inflorescence yayikulu, mitundu yosiyanasiyana.
Bada Boom - masamba amthunzi wamkuwa. Zosiyanasiyana zimadziwika ndi maluwa oyambirira, inflorescence ndi ophweka, oyera, pinki kapena ofiira owala.
Masomphenya - masamba amtundu wakuda wobiriwira, inflorescence ya terry.
Alba - zitsamba zobiriwira, masamba obiriwira. Maluwa ndi akulu, oyera mbu.
Kathe Teisher - awiri a Corolla ndi pafupifupi masentimita 5. Masamba okwiya amakhala m'mphepete ndi chingwe cha burgundy.

Srednerosly (25 masentimita okwera):

Bada Bing imadziwika kwambiri chifukwa cha masamba ake obiriwira okhala ndi masamba oyera oyera.
Ambulansi - masamba obiriwira okhala ndi malire a burgundy, maluwa oyera, ofiira, ofiirira kapena awiri.
Senator - inflorescence yamitundu yosiyanasiyana mosiyana ndi masamba amkuwa.
Queen ndi chomera "chachifumu", inflorescence ndi chic, terry, oyera-chipale, oyera kapena ofiira.
Phukusi - masamba a hue-ofiira, inflorescence ndi osavuta, oyera, ofiira, ofiira.