Maluwa omwe ali pachimake pachaka chonsecho, amalandiridwa bwino ndi chikondi kuchokera kwa olima maluwa. Kupatula apo, chitsamba chotere sichingopanga maluwa okongola, ndi chithandizo chake ndikosavuta komanso kosavuta kukonza ma allets, arbor, malire. Maluwa okuta pansi amatha kulimbikitsanso dothi m'malo omwe kumakokoloka nthaka ndipo sangalole kuti dothi lisatsukidwe munyengo yamvula pamabedi a maluwa omwe ali pathanthwe.
Makhalidwe wamba
Mwambiri, maluwa oyambira pansi amagawidwa m'mitundu isanu:
- yayikulu ndi mphukira yomwe imaluka (m'lifupi mwake kuposa 1.5m, kutalika mpaka 50 cm);
- yaying'ono ndi mphukira yomwe imakwawa (kutalika kwa chitsamba mpaka 1.5 m, kutalika pafupifupi 30 cm);
- chachikulu ndi nthambi mphukira (m'lifupi m'lifupi kupitirira 1.5 m, kutalika - oposa 1 m);
- yaying'ono yokhala ndi mphukira (nthambi yopingasa 1.5 cm, kutalika mpaka 1 m);
- zitsamba zazikulu zokulira molunjika.
Mitundu yonse isanu ya maluwa otchetchera pansi amagawana zofanana:
- Kukhalapo kwa tchire lalikulu lomwe likuwombera mbali zambiri, pomwe m'lifupi mwa duwa ndilokulirapo kuposa kutalika kwake.
- Zitsamba zimaphuka kwa nthawi yayitali komanso zambiri.
- Pamodzi ndi kuchuluka kwa inflorescence, palinso unyinji wobiriwira (masamba).
- Kwambiri kukula kwa mbali mphukira.
- Sawopa kuzizira, tchire amalimbana ndi matenda.
- Osafunikira chisamaliro chapadera komanso "kumeta" bwino.
Zowongolera
Mukamasankha malo oti mubzale maluwa okumbika pansi, muyenera kukumbukira kuti ndiwomera wokonda mopepuka, ndiye kuti mabedi a maluwa otuwa si malo abwino kwambiri kwa iwo. Apa sizingatheke kukwaniritsa maluwa akutali kwambiri a maluwa. Komabe, kuwala kwa dzuwa mwachindunji ndi kowopsa pamtunduwu, chifukwa kudzapangitsa kuti kutenthe.
Malo abwino kwambiri angakhale kumadzulo kapena kumwera chakum'mawa kwa malo okwezedwa, pomwe tchire tating'ono tiyenera kuyikidwa pakona mutabzala.
Muyenera kukumbukiranso kuti maluwa okuta pansi samakonda chinyontho ndi kuchuluka kwa nthaka, komanso nthaka yamchenga.
Nthawi yabwino yobzala maluwa ndi yophukira, pomwe mphukira zikufunika kufupikitsidwa. Koma ngati nyengo yamvula nthawi zambiri imakhala yozizira kwambiri, chifukwa chitetezo chamtchire ndibwino kuyidzala mu April. Pakudzala masika, kudulira mmera kumakhala kovuta ": pa mphukira yolimba muyenera kusiya masamba awiri, kuwombera kochepa - 1 bud.
Kuti muthandizenso kusamalira maluwa a maluwa asanabadwe, malowo ayenera kutsukidwa ndi namsongole, mutabzala, mulch mizere ndi utuchi kapena filimu.
Mutha kubzala maluwa oyambira mwina mzere (kuya kwa mzere kuyenera kupitilira kutalika kwa mizu 20 cm), kapena payokha (m'mimba mwake mwa dzenjelo ndi masentimita 50, kuya kwake ndi 70 cm).
Thirani dothi pobzala mbali zina ndikuthilira pang'onopang'ono gawo lililonse la dziko lapansi, sinthani pamwamba panthaka, thirirani chitsamba chobzalidwacho kenako ndikudontha bwino. Mukamakulitsa mphukira yachichepere 5, chotsani duwa kuchokera pansi ndikudzaza ndi mulch.
Malamulo Osamalira
Mukamasamalira maluwa okuta pansi, ndikokwanira kutsatira malamulo ochepa osavuta:
- Kuthirira. Chitani masewera olimbitsa thupi m'mawa pomwe chapamwamba chawuma ndi 4 cm.
- Feteleza. Maluwa amadyetsedwa kokha pakumakula (Tsitovit, Agricola) komanso kugwa (feteleza wa potashi). Pokhala maluwa, ndikwanira kusiya maluwa owala.
- Kudulira. Ngati, mutabzala, mtunda wokwanira pakati pa tchire umatsimikizika (kuti asasakanikane), maluwa okuta pansi safunika kudulira.
- Kuteteza chisanu. Popewa zitsamba kuti zisazizire m'chipale chofewa, ziyenera kuphimbidwanso. Maluwa omwe amakula pang'ono amatha kuvekedwa ndi nthambi za spruce kapena filimu imatha kukokedwa pa waya. Tchuthi zazitali zimaphimbidwanso, koma izi zisanachitike, mphukirazo zimakungika, ndipo zonunkhira zimakonzedwanso pansi pawo kuti duwa lisakhale pansi.
