Zimatenga nthawi yayitali kuyembekeza kuti thumba losunga mazira litulutse zipatso, ndipo mitengo yazipatso yomwe imagulitsidwa ndiyosapindulitsa ndipo imavuta kuvomereza. Kudziwitsa momwe mungabzalire kanema wa mandimu kunyumba ndikothandiza kwa okonda nyama zam'nyumba omwe samakonda kudikirira ndipo akufuna kusangalala ndi zipatso kuchokera pawindo lawo posachedwa.
Ubwino wa Katemera wa Mtengo wa Ndimu
Sikuti aliyense adzaganiza pa njira yovuta ngati imeneyi chifukwa akuwoneka kuti alibe nzeru kwa olima zipatso, monga katemera. Inde, munthu sayenera kuyamba ntchitoyi popanda kudziwa zenizeni ndikukonzekera mwatchutchutchu Katemera ndi chida.
Koma ngati malamulo onse atsatiridwa, katemera wokhoza bwino amapeza zabwino zambiri:
- Zimathandizira kwambiri kubweretsa yoyamba yokolola ku ndimu yopanga tokha.
- Panthambi zodzala nyumba, zipatso zamtundu wapamwamba kwambiri zomwe zimadziwika zimamangidwa ndikucha, zomwe ndizofunikira kwambiri chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa mbewu zosakanizidwa zomwe sizimasinthanitsa katundu wawo kukhala mbadwa zomwe zimamera pambewu.
- Mutha kubzala ndimu pamtengo wa lalanje wobzalidwa kapena chomera china cha zipatso.
Njira zopimira katemera kunyumba
Momwe mungabzalire ndimu kuti ibala zipatso? Kunyumba, njira ziwiri zothandiza komanso zopanda ntchito zilipo:
- Ndimu zitha kumanikizidwa pogwiritsa ntchito njira yowerengera pogwiritsa ntchito phesi kuchokera pamtengo wazipatso.
- Impso imodzi yokha imangirizidwa. Njirayi imatchedwa budding, ndipo imagwiranso ntchito kwa mbewu zamtchire.
Monga scion, tengani impso kapena phesi kuchokera kucha chaka chimodzi kapena ziwiri wazaka wazipatso za mtengo wa ndimu.
Zomwe zimalumikizidwa zimadulidwa nthawi isanachitike njirayi, zimafunikira chisamaliro mosamala kwambiri ndipo zimakutidwa ndi nsalu yonyowa pokonza komanso filimu mpaka pakukonzekera.
Chitsa chake ndi mitengo yolimba ya mandimu kapena malalanje, kuyambira chaka chimodzi. Ndikofunika kuti tsinde, kapena nthambi, ngati mandimu apangidwira chomera chachikulu, siwotsika kuposa mamilimita 5-7.
Masheya abwino - mbande zodzala mandimu ndi malalanje. Amapangidwira poyambira kumangidwa, monga lamulo, amakhala ndi mizu yolimba komanso yolimba.
Zida ndi masiku a katemera wa mandimu
Asanadzalemo ndimu kunyumba, amakonzera chilichonse chofunikira ndindondomeko:
- mpeni wakuthwa kapena lumo pang'ono;
- bandeji yam'munda kapena tepi yotchingira;
- m'munda var.
Kuti katemera ayende bwino, ndipo impso kapena nthambi yachilendo kwa mtengo wa mandimu yatenga mizu, njirayi imachitika kuyambira mwezi wa Epulo mpaka Meyi, pomwe njira zonse za moyo zimayambitsa. Pakadali pano, khungwa limatsalira mosavuta kumbuyo kwa nkhuni, lomwe limayendetsa ntchito. Nthawi yachiwiri yomwe mungabzale ndimu panyumba ndiye kutha kwa chilimwe.
Zida zonse ziyenera kukhala zoyera. Musanabzale ndimu, mphukira m'malo ampikisano amaipukuta ndi nsalu yonyowa pokonza.
Momwe mungabzala ndimu ndi impso kapena diso?
Korona imawonedwa ngati yowopsa komanso njira yodalirika yoperekera katemera.
Asanadzalemo ndimu panyumba, thumba lopangidwa bwino limadulidwa kuchokera ku nthambi ya mtengo wophukira kuti pafupifupi mamilimita 15 atsala pamwambapa ndikuwombera mtsogolo. Maulendo awiri akutali patali pang'ono ndi impso akuwonetsa malire a mawonekedwe a scion.
Thonje limapangidwa semicircular, likugwira osati khungwa lokha, komanso mtengo woonda kwambiri. Izi zimalola kuti katemera azika mizu mosavuta komanso kuti ateteze impso kuwonongeka. Kukutira komaliza ndi "diso" mutadzilekanitsa ndi nthambi kumakhalabe pakampeni. Simungathe kuzikhudza ndi zala zanu, apo ayi mwayi woti ndimu ikuyenda bwino ikutsikira kwambiri. Mutha kugwira zolumikizira ndi tsamba la phesi lomwe latsalira pansi pa impso. Pepala lamasamba lokha limachotsedwa.
Ngati mtengo wa mandimu womwe ukugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati katundu, ndiye kuti utali kutalika kwa masentimita 5-7 kuchokera pamtunda, kudula khungwa koyenera malinga ndi zilembo "T" kumapangidwa pa tsinde kuti scion yomwe idakonzedwayo ipite mwaulemu pakona. Kutalika kwa notch yopanikizika pamilandu imeneyi ndi pafupifupi sentimita ndi theka, ndipo gawo lalitali limayenera kukhala lalitali.
Ngati chidutswa cha mtengo mu impso chizindikirika pamalo pake, chimakutidwa ndi mbali zoyambirira za khungwa, ndikukanikizidwa ndikumangirizidwa mwamphamvu molowera "kuchokera pansi mpaka pamwamba", ndikusiyira nduluyo ndikusesa tsamba pafupi naye mlengalenga.
Mofananamo, mutha kutemera ndimu, koma osati thunthu, koma pa mphukira yayikulu ya mtengo wachikulire wa mtundu wina, mwachitsanzo, lalanje. Potere, ngati impso imamera, mandimu ndi malalanje amatengedwa kuchokera ku chomera chimodzi.
Kuti mupulumuke bwino, mtengo wocheperako ndi wofunika kuyika malo obiriwira kapena kuphimba ndi thumba. Muyeso:
- kuwonjezera chinyezi cha mpweya;
- sichimaphatikizira kusinthasintha kwa kutentha;
- iziletsa zoipa zoyeseza.
Pa kanema momwe mungabzalire mandimu kunyumba, zinsinsi zonse za njira yosangalatsayi komanso yosavutikira zimawonekera. Zotsatira za ntchito yomwe idachitidwa imatha kupezeka m'masabata angapo. Ngati phesi la tsamba pansi pa impso lauma ndipo latsala pang'ono kugwa, zonse zachitika bwino, ndipo posakhalitsa mutha kuwona kukula kwa mphukira yatsopano. Izi zikachitika, patatha milungu ingapo, bandeji yomwe ili pamalo a ndimu imayatsidwa, ndipo mbewuyo ikagwiritsidwa ntchito mlengalenga, imachotsedwa kwathunthu.
Patatha mwezi ndi theka ndimu italumikizidwa, mphukira yamtundu womwe impso imayikidwapo imadulidwa. Malo omwe amapangidwako amapangika diagonal, pang'ono pamtunda kuposa katemera, kenako malowa amathandizidwa ndi var var.
Mphukira yatsopano yotuluka mu impso inasinthiratu ndi thunthu la chitsa. Chifukwa chake, mphukira zonse zopangidwa pansi katemera ziyenera kuchotsedwa, ndipo kwa thunthu launyamata, chithandizo chodalirika chiyenera kupangidwa.
Zomwe Ankalumikiza Ndimu
Monga momwe zinalili kale, katemera amachitika kutalika kwa 5 mpaka 10 cm kuchokera pamtunda, koma pokhapokha thunthu la mtengo wa ndimu silidadulidwa, koma kuchotsedwa kwathunthu. Kuchokera pamlingo womwe umadula kutumphuka, kupendekeka kumapangika mpaka sentimita imodzi ndi theka.
Awa ndi malo olumikizira kumtengowo - gawo lowoneka bwino la mphukira ndi ma node atatu ndipo amapanga masamba olimba. Chodulidwa chimadulidwa mosasamala kuti kutalika kwake kudulidwe ndikofanana ndi kutalika kwa notch ya bark pa stock. Asanadzalemo ndimu, masamba onse amachotsedwa pa phesi, ndikusiya mapesi awo. Kenako khungwa lomwe lili pamtengowo limachotsedwa kumalo osungirako zodulidwazo ndikumayaluka ndikuyika, ndikumakankhira nkhuni. Makungwa amabwezeretsedwa pamalopo, chitsa cha mtengowo chimamenyedwa ndi munda wa var, ndipo malo oomaniranapo ndimu amamangidwa mwamphamvu.
Monga momwe zinalili kale, mmera utatha kupatsidwa katemera wowonjezera kutentha mpaka zotsatira za ntchito itayamba kuonekera. Malingaliro onse obwerezabwereza amafotokozedwa mu kanema wamomwe angadzalidwe ndimu kunyumba.
Ubwino wa njira iyi yolumikizira ndimu imaganiziridwa kuti ndi impso zochulukirapo, zomwe pambuyo poti zitheke bwino. Ngati wobzala wa zipatso atalephera, ndiye kuti mutha kutaya zonse.
Kuyanika zidulidwe mwachindunji pa tsinde kumawonetsa kulephera, koma ngati atembenuka chikasu ndikugwa, titha kuyembekeza kuwonjezereka ndi kukula kwa scion.
