Kukula nkhaka mdziko muno, anthu ambiri safuna kugwiritsa ntchito umagwirira. Chidziwitso ndikuti masamba awa, omwe ali ndi mankhwala osiyanasiyana ophera tizilombo ndi mankhwala ena, amatha kugulidwa nthawi zonse kusitolo.
Koma kodi ndizotheka kukula nkhaka osagwiritsa ntchito umagwirira? Kodi mungachite bwanji?
Omwe amagwira ntchito zaulimi wotsimikizira kuti nkhaka zomwe zimakula pogwiritsa ntchito feteleza pafupifupi nthawi zonse zimabala zipatso zabwino. Kuti mukulitse iwo popanda chemistry ndikosavuta, ingotsatirani malamulo ochepa osavuta.
Kukonzekeretsa mbewu yodzala mbande
Yatsani nthangala masabata anayi musanabzalidwe. Chifukwa chake, muthandizira kukulira kwa maluwa achikazi ndipo, motero, mazira. Zomwe zimafunikira kuchitira ndikudzaza nambala yofunikira ya mbewu muchikwama chaching'ono cha nsalu, kenako ndikuyika kwa masiku awiri kapena atatu pa batri yotentha.
Pakatsala maola pafupifupi 24 kuti mubzale, mbewuzo zimafunika kuzinyowa. Komabe, pa ichi, kugwiritsa ntchito sikuyenera kukhala madzi, koma mwatsopano madzi osenda a mbatata. Ndiosavuta kupanga. Kuti muchite izi, muyenera choyamba kuyika tuber mu mufiriji, ndipo pambuyo pakuzizira, kupera pa grater ndikulekanitsa madziwo. Sungani nthangala mmalo pafupifupi tsiku limodzi, kenako ziyenera kuti ziume.
Kukonzekera mabedi a nkhaka
Ngati ndi kotheka, sankhani malo omwe nkhaka zinabzalidwa chaka chatha ndi anyezi, kabichi, amadyera, nightshade, nyemba kapena masamba. Zomera zotere zimangokhala zokongola pa mabedi ofunda, ndipo simuyenera kukwiya ngati simunawakonzekeretse m'dzinja.
Masiku 20 musanabzale mbande, muyenera kukonzekera kama. Kuti muchite izi, ngalande ikudontha, kuya kwake kuyenera kukhala osachepera 70. Kenako imadzazidwa ndi udzu watsopano, womwe umayenera kuphatikizidwa ndi pepala lojambula, utuchi, zinyalala za organic ndi manyuzipepala. Chilichonse chikuyenera kuponderezedwa bwino, kotero kuti mainchesi 15 akhale mpaka pansi. Pambuyo pake, tsanulirani zomwe zili mumtsinjewo ndi madzi otentha ndikuthira dothi labwino kwambiri.
Kenako pangani mabowo, osayiwala mbali (zofunika kusunga chinyontho). Phimbani ndi zojambulazo.
Ziphuphu ndizabzalidwe bwino m'malo okhazikika, popeza zimasunthira bwino kwambiri kwambiri. Komabe, kubzala izi mbande zamasamba ndizotheka. Poterepa, zipatso zoyambirira ziziwoneka kale kwambiri, ndipo kubzala sikuyenera kucheperachepera. Kwa mbande iliyonse, mbeu iliyonse ibzalidwa mu kapu imodzi, potero mudzatha kupewa kuwononga mizu mukamadzala.
Pakakhala kuti pali zimbalangondo kapena timadontho pamalowo, nkhaka zibzalidwe m'mabotolo apulasitiki okwana malita awiri. Kuti muchite izi, chotsani khosi, ndipo pansi pangani mabowo ang'onoang'ono. Pankhaniyi, podzala mbande, siyenera kuchotsedwa mumtsuko.
Musanadzalemo nkhaka, tsanulirani phulusa la ndodo ndi chidebe cha manyowa, lomwe liyenera kuzunguliridwa. Zomera ziwiri zamasiku khumi zibzalidwe m'dzenje.
Nkhaka zikafesedwa m'mabotolo, ziyenera kuyikidwa m'manda kuti theka la sentimita isanu chabe.
Kuthirira, kudyetsa ndi kukonza nkhaka popanda mankhwala
Mbewu zikafesedwa, zimathiridwa ndi yankho lomwe limapangidwa kuchokera mkaka wowawasa, kapena kuchokera ku potaziyamu permanganate (0,3 magalamu amatengedwa pa malita 10 amadzi).
Kenako, masiku 15 aliwonse, nkhaka ziyenera kudyetsedwa ndikuzisakaniza ndi tizirombo kuti tipewe:
- Kudyetsa ndi kulowetsedwa kopangidwa kuchokera kumagawo asanu a madzi ndi 1 - udzu watsopano. Kuti muthane ndi masamba omwe mukufuna njira yothetsera anyezi, zimachitika mosavuta. Mapaundi a mankhusu amaphatikizidwa ndi madzi ndikusiyidwa kuti apatse maola 24. Zitatha izi, madziwo amayenera kuwiritsa ndi kuloledwa kuziziritsa. Kenako, madzi 1:10 amawonjezeredwa ku yankho.
- Pangani kulowetsedwa kwa celandine ndikuchiza chomeracho ndi utsi. Pa kulowetsedwa, muyenera mapaundi obiriwira a zitsamba awa. Imadzazidwa ndi madzi ndikuisunga kwa masiku atatu. Pambuyo pake, santhani ndikuthira ndi madzi opanda kanthu mu gawo la 1:15.
- Kuchiza ndi yankho la mkaka wowawasa kapena ascorbic acid (piritsi limodzi liyenera kusungunuka mu malita asanu amadzi).
- Chithandizo cha mkaka wowawasa (chomaliza).
Kutsirira ndi kukonza kuyenera kukhala madzulo komanso bwino dzuwa litalowa.
Chifukwa choti dothi limatha kulimba chifukwa kuthilira pafupipafupi, ndikofunikira kuthira nthawi zonse zinthu zosalimba za zitsime zotayidwa, monga: peat, udzu, humus kapena utuchi. Izi zikuyenera kuchitika kangapo pamnyengo.
Njirayi imakhudza bwino kukula kwa mizu, ndipo chifukwa cha izi, kuchuluka kwa zipatso kumachuluka.
Ngati mungawone tsamba la powdery pamasamba, ndiye kuti muyenera kuthana ndi masamba "Immunocytophyte" mwa kusungunula piritsi limodzi mu 10 malita a madzi. Muthanso kugwiritsa ntchito kulowetsedwa kwa udzu watsopano, womwe umangothandiza kwambiri ntchito zoteteza ku nkhaka, komanso umawathandiza kukula ndi kubereka zipatso kwa nthawi yayitali, kapena m'malo mwake, mpaka Seputembara.
