Dokotala wodziwika bwino wa Renaissance komanso chemist Theophpar Paracelsus moyenerera wotchedwa karoti amakhala ndi mandrake omwe amapatsa anthu moyo wautali wopanda matenda. Zodabwitsa za kaloti zili momwe zimapangidwira, zomwe siziphatikiza zinthu zambiri zokha, komanso muli ndi mavitamini ambiri, ena omwe sanapangidwe ndi thupi la munthu chifukwa cha zochita za metabolic. Karoti imakhazikika mu mizu yake ya zinthu zomwe zimathandizira kuchiritsa matenda ambiri, kupeza chitetezo chokwanira ndi kukonzanso thupi kwathunthu. Werengani zambiri zamtengo wapatali wa kaloti, kuphatikiza kwachilengedwe komanso kuthekera kwa kukula kwa zinthu pamtengo wa mizu yazinthu izi.
Kaloti.
Zina zokhudza karoti
Mitundu ya kaloti idachokera kuthengo, ambiri akukulira ku Asia ndi Europe. Afghanistan amadziwika kuti ndiwo malo obzala mbewu.
Kutchulidwa koyamba kwa kaloti kumayambira m'zaka za zana la 10 BC. Kulima kaloti, chifukwa cha kuchiritsa kwa ochiritsa oyamba omwe analemba za zabwino zakepi, adayamba zaka zoposa 3,000 zapitazo. Ku Europe, kuphatikiza ndi Russia, kaloti adayamba kulimidwa m'ma 1400. Zomera za nthawi imeneyo, ndipo pafupifupi ntchito isanayambike ku Western Europe m'zaka za zana la 19 (ku Russia m'zaka za zana la 20), zinali zoyera kwambiri, zofiirira komanso zofiirira, zomwe zinali ndi mavitamini ochepa, ndipo mnofu wake unali wowuma komanso wopanda mafupa.
Dziwani kuti mwachilengedwe zomwe zili munsi ndi mndandanda wazinthu zofunikira za muzu wa kaloti zimasiyana mitundu yomwe mwalimidwa, chifukwa cha kusankha zinthu zopindulitsa za mbewuyi zimapanga dala.
M'zaka za zana la 20 zokha, chifukwa cha kusankha, mitundu ya kaloti yomwe carotene timadziwika nayo idawonekera, makamaka maluwa a lalanje, okoma, okhala ndi zamkaka zosangalatsa. Ngati kuswana ntchito kuphika kuphika iwo makamaka ntchito nsonga ndi mbewu ya kaloti, ndipo muzu mbewu zinali zosowa kwambiri, ndiye pambuyo pake panali zenizeni zophikira. Mabuku ophikira agwiritsa ntchito matanthauzidwe angapo amawu ofotokozera maphikidwe osiyanasiyana pokonzekera mbale kuchokera ku muzu wa kaloti kuphatikiza ndi mbewu zina, komanso othandizira azachipatala - kuphika pokonzekera mankhwala matenda osiyanasiyana.
Kaloti.
Mphamvu ya karoti yomwe ikukula pamikhalidwe ya muzu wazomera
Ubwino wa kaloti umatsimikiziridwa ndi zomwe zili ndi mavitamini ndi zina zofunikira zomwe zimadziunjikira muzu. Kuchuluka kwawo ndi mtundu wake zimadalira luso laukadaulo. Pankhani yakuphwanya zofunika kwa agrotechnical, osati zizindikilo zakunja zokha (zazing'ono, zotsika-lalanje, mbewu zosweka, zina), zimasintha, komanso magawo ake amitundu mitundu. Zomwe zili ndi mavitamini, flavonoids, anthocyanides ndi zina zofunika kwambiri kuti thupi lipangike kwambiri.
Kaloti ndi chikhalidwe chotentha. Kuchepetsa zofunikira pamoyo: dothi ndi kutentha, chinyezi ndi kuwala. Ndi dothi losakonzekera bwino (kuvunda kosakwanira komanso kuvala osakwanira ndi feteleza), kuthirira osakwanira komanso kuvala bwino panthawi yakula, kuphwanya kuchuluka kwa michere yambiri (zambiri za nayitrogeni ndi potaziyamu pang'ono) ndi zina.
Mukamagula mbewu muzu pamsika, onetsetsani kuti muli ndi chidwi ndi zomwe zikukula pobzala. Koma ndibwino kusamalira thanzi la mabanja kuti alime kaloti m'dera lawo, ndikuwona zonse zofunikira polimidwa. Pankhaniyi, kufesa kuyenera kuchitidwa kokha ndi mitundu yosakanizidwa ndi mitundu yosakanizidwa. M'nyengo yozizira, mu diary yanu ya m'munda, lembani mndandanda wamitundu yoyambira, yapakati, mochedwa ndikuwonetsa kwambiri zotsatsa zamitundu mitundu ndikukonzekera mbewu za karoti zamitundu iyi.
Kaloti.
The biochemical zikuchokera kaloti
Mavitamini aku Karoti
- Kaloti amakhala ndi 22% proitamin A (carotene), kuphatikiza alpha ndi beta carotenes, omwe amapangidwa mthupi kukhala vitamini A, omwe amayang'anira zowoneka bwino.
- Mavitamini B a 100 g ya kaloti ali ndi zopitilira 0.5 g, kuphatikiza B1, B2, B3, B5, B6, B9 ndi B12, komwe thupi limafunikira kupanga hemoglobin.
- Madzi a karoti ali ndi gulu la mankhwala omwe amagwira ma calciferols, omwe amaperekedwa mu vitamini "D", kuphatikizapo "D2", "D3". Vitamini "D" mothandizidwa ndi kuwala kwadzuwa ndi ma radiation a ultraviolet (ma radiation oyenda) amatha kupangidwa mthupi, kudziwonetsa ngati mawonekedwe a khungu. Kuperewera kwake mthupi mwa ana kumaonekera mu mawonekedwe a rickets, ndipo akuluakulu - mu mawonekedwe a mafupa (kufooka) ndi kufewetsa (mafupa).
- Kaloti amadziwika ndi zinthu zambiri (11%) za vitamini "K", zomwe zimayang'anira njira zophatikizana zamagazi, kupewa kuphatikizana kwa magazi.
- Mavitamini "C" ndi "E" amapereka mphamvu ku thupi ndikuthandizira minyewa ya endocrine. Kuphatikiza apo, vitamini "E" amachepetsa kukalamba. Amatchedwa vitamini wapaunyamata. Ndizofunikira kwambiri kwa odwala matenda ashuga, chifukwa zimathandiza kuchepetsa kufunika kwa insulin.
- Vitamini "PP" (niacin), monga mavitamini am'mbuyomu, amapereka mphamvu kwa thupi, imathandizira mtima, kutsagana ndi magazi, amatenga nawo mbali mu metabolism ya amino acid.
- Vitamini "N", kapena lipoic acid, amawongolera magwiridwe antchito a chiwindi, chithokomiro cha chithokomiro, amatenga nawo kagayidwe kazachilengedwe, imakhudza kuchuluka kwa cholesterol m'magazi.
Vitamini yonseyi imasungidwa mu msuzi watsopano wa karoti kwa ola limodzi. Pamene defrosting - mkati 0,5 maola. Kugwiritsa ntchito kwathunthu thupi ndi thupi kumachitika pamaso pa mafuta (mafuta, kirimu wowawasa).
Kaloti.
Tsatani zinthu ndi kaloti
Kaloti ndi zinthu zazitali zomwe zimatsata zimasiyanitsidwa. Mu 100 g yaiwisi, kaloti amakhala ndi 200 mg wa potaziyamu, omwe amayankha matenda a mtima. Mu nthawi za Soviet, othamanga adalandira mankhwala a potaziyamu orotate. Kukumana kwa sodium kumayambira pa 69-70 mg, ndipo kuchuluka kwa phosphorous ndi calcium kumapitilira 65-68 mg. Mokwanira, muzu wa karoti mumakhala mkuwa, zinc, chitsulo, magnesium, manganese, cobalt ndi molybdenum.
Selenium imapezekanso kaloti - chinthu chofunikira paunyamata ndi fluorine, chomwe chimayang'anira chithokomiro cha chithokomiro, ndikuthandizira kuchotsa zitsulo zolemera ndi radionuclides kuchokera mthupi.
Zinthu zina zilipo muzu wa muzu, m'maphatikizidwe ndi kuphatikizika kofunikira poteteza madzi kagayidwe (chlorine), madzi amchere amchere (sodium), ndi kapangidwe ka protein (sulfure). Onjezerani mndandanda wazinthu zofunikira za aluminium, boron, vanadium, nickel, chromium, lithiamu, ayodini.
Mndandanda wosangalatsa wotsutsana ndi maziko a zopatsa mphamvu zochepa zomwe zimapangidwira umakhala wofunikira kwambiri pothandizira kunenepa kwambiri, kuchepa thupi, komanso kusangalatsa kwa hematopoiesis.
Kaloti ndi gawo la zakudya zonse zolimbitsa thupi. 100 g ya masamba amizu (karoti imodzi yaying'ono) ali ndi 35 mpaka 40 kcal, koma oposa 9.5 g a chakudya, 2.8 g wazakudya zamafuta.
Zakudya zina zomanga thupi mu kaloti
Posachedwa, kuchepa kwa chitetezo chokwanira kwawonedwa kulikonse kwa ana ndi akulu, ndipo kuukira kwa chimfine kukukulirakulira. Kaloti mumalonda awo a phytoncidal ali pafupifupi ofanana ndi adyo ndi anyezi, koma alibe fungo losasangalatsa. M'malo mwake, mafuta ofunikira amawonjezera piquancy ku mbale zopangidwa.
Kumayambiriro kwa kuzindikira kwa kaloti ngati chakudya, mbewu ndi nsonga zobiriwira zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pokonza mbale, monga tanena kale. M'malo ochepera kuposa ndiwo zamasamba ena, koma mndandanda wathunthu, ma amino acid amapezeka mu kaloti. Mndandanda wawo umaphatikizapo tyrosine, lysine, leucine, ornithine, cysteine, katsitsumzukwa, threonine, histidine, methionine ndi ena.
Kaloti anthocyanidins ndi bioflavonoids amapereka mtundu wabwino wokhazikika. Muli ndi ambelliferone, yomwe imatenga nawo mbali pazinthu zachilengedwe zoterezi monga phytosterols, coumarins, quercetins, fiber, pectins, shuga, ndi zina zambiri.
Kaloti.
Zothandiza zimatha kaloti
Pochizira komanso kupewa matenda, kaloti amawagwiritsa ntchito ngati zopaka, kuwiritsa, kuzizira pambuyo pang'onopang'ono. Mukawiritsa, imawonjezera mphamvu pa mankhwalawa nephritis, khansa, matenda ashuga, komanso dysbiosis. Kaloti wopanda mkaka amalepheretsa matenda am'magazi pamkamwa ndi m'thupi lathunthu ngati mukuchitika ndi chimfine (matenda opumira pachimake, chimfine).
Kaloti amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuperewera kwa vitamini, kuchepa kwa magazi, kuchepa kwa magazi. Amaphatikizidwa pochiza matenda a Alzheimer's, matumbo am'mimba, matenda a helminth, bile ndi urolithiasis, pyelonephritis, cystitis. Zakudya za karoti zimagwira ku conjunctivitis, khungu khungu, ndi matenda ena a maso. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mankhwala wamba komanso mankhwala a matenda a chigoba komanso matenda a hematopoietic.
50 g patsiku la kaloti watsopano (avareji tsiku lililonse) amachepetsa chiopsezo cha sitiroko ndi 60-70%, zotupa za m'mawere ndi 25%, matenda am'mbuyo omwe ali ndi kuwonongeka kwamawonekedwe ndi 40%.
Kaloti ophatikizira
- Kaloti amatsutsana chifukwa cha chifuwa cha mankhwala.
- Ndi kutupa kwam'mimba, m'mimba mwanga, zilonda zam'mimbazi. Zikatero, masamba amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuwiritsa kapena kuwiritsa.
- Pankhani ya matenda a chiwindi, musanadye kaloti, kufunsa dokotala.
- Ndi kumwa kwambiri yaiwisi kaloti ndi timadziti, chikasu cha kumapazi ndi khungu la ana ndi akulu chitha kuonedwa. Ndikofunikira kuchepetsa Mlingo wa tsiku ndi tsiku wazopanga mpaka nthawi yellowness itazimiririka.
Pomaliza, ndikufuna kuchenjeza owerenga. Kaloti ndi othandiza kwambiri, koma chilichonse chimafunikira muyeso. Ndikokwanira kudya kaloti 1-2 patsiku, osapitilira 100-120 g mwanjira iliyonse - saladi, mbatata zosenda, timadziti.
