Munda wamaluwa: kuyika kwa maluwa m'munda wamaluwa, gawo 1

• Munda wamaluwa: kuyika kwa mbewu m'munda wamaluwa, gawo 2

Kungoyang'ana mbewu zokha, komanso ndibwinonso - kulemba zomwe mwawona muzolemba, patapita kanthawi mudzadziwa bwino kwambiriomera zomwe mbewu ndi momwe mungayikitsire dimba lakale. Mwachitsanzo, maluwa okongola a regal akukongoletsa kokha panthawi yamaluwa. Nthawi yonseyo, amayamba kuzimiririka. Tikuwona chithunzi chimodzimodzicho ngati mabelu (popanda ena odabwitsika). Mitundu yambiri ya phlox yomwe ili ndi nkhawa yayika pang'onopang'ono mbali za tsinde; gelenium ndi lichen chalcedony zimachita chimodzimodzi (Komanso, onse ali ndi chizolowezi chowola chitsamba). Popeza mutatsimikiza muzochita zabwino ndi zovuta za mbewu iliyonse, mutha kuyika mbewu m'munda wamaluwa mosavuta. Makamaka, mumvetsetsa kuti ndizolondola kubzala maluwa ndi mabelu amtunduwu m'magulu ang'onoang'ono a 5-7, kotero kuti atatha "kutaya" kwawo sikuwonekera kwambiri. Zomwe zimachitikanso ndi ma phloxes, pomwe gawo lamunsi la tsinde lophimbidwa ndi mbewu zokongoletsera zokongoletsa (astilba, gravilate, zofukiza).

Kukonza dimba la maluwa.

Mutha kuyika mbewu zomwe mwasankha moyenera pogwiritsa ntchito pulaniyi (tidzaganiza kuti pofika nthawi ino tasankha kale malo ndi kukula kwa dimba la maluwa). Kutalika kwa mixborder kumatha kukhala kozungulira komanso kokulirapo, koma m'lifupi, monga lamulo, wakhazikitsidwa kuchokera pa 1.5 mpaka 2,5. Ndikakhala ndi mulifupi wokulirapo, zimakhala zovuta kwambiri kusamalira mbewu zomwe zili pakati pa dimba la maluwa. Ngati ndi kotheka, kuphatikiza kwa chophatikiza kumachulukirachulukira (kumakhala kupitirira 3 m), ndikofunikira kuti pakhale njira yaukadaulo pakukonzekera (kuchokera khungwa, matayala oikidwa mbali ndi sitolo, ndi zina).

Ndikwabwino kukonzekera papepala la graph: ndikosavuta kuyesa. Ndikufuna kuchenjeza za cholakwika chimodzi - kupanga mapulani papepala, osayang'ana sikelo. Ndikhulupirireni, ntchito yayikulu yopanga pulani, kuisinthira ku pepala lajambulidwe, komanso ku chilengedwe kudzabweretsa zolakwika zazikulu.

Ngati dimba la maluwa laling'ono m'deralo (10-15 m), ndikosavuta kupanga lingaliro pamlingo wa 1: 25 kapena 1:10 (izi zikutanthauza kuti 1 cm pa pulawo ikufanana ndi 25 kapena 10 cm). Ndi malo owonjezeka, makamaka ndi dimba lalitali lalitali, mutha kugwira ntchito pamlingo wa 1: 50.

Pambuyo contour m'tsogolo maluwa dimba akatsimikiza, muyenera kupitani kwa masanjidwe a mbewu, makamaka poganizira kutalika kwake. Zachidziwikire, mutha kukhala ngati mitengo yazitali kumbuyo, ndikuyang'ana patsogolo pawo molingana - pakati komanso pochepera. Koma dimba la maluwa limawoneka losangalatsa kwambiri ngati mbewu zosagawanika zimagawidwa ndi omwe amatchedwa oscillating contours. Ndi makonzedwe awa, mbewu zazitali zimatha kulowa mtunda wautali, ndipo zomeranso zazitali zimayamba kudziwikiratu. Kuphatikiza apo, nthawi zambiri ndi kutalika kwa dimba, makamaka ngati ili m'njira yolinganizidwa bwino, ndibwino kuyika mbewu zazikulu pakati pazomera zochepa pamiyendo yakuthwa, potero kutseka mawonekedwe.

Zomera zamagulu m'litali, ziyenera kukumbukiridwa kuti zomanga, zomera zazitali zokhala ndi masamba akulu masamba nthawi zambiri zimabzalidwa mosiyanasiyana kapena m'magulu ang'onoang'ono angapo. Nthawi yomweyo, mbewu zina, makamaka zoperewera, ndizosiyidwa bwino (mwachitsanzo, mallow, digitalis). Pankhaniyi, ndikofunikira kuyang'anira kugawa kwathunthu kwa mbeu kutulutsa nthawi zosiyanasiyana, kuti maluwa azikhala okhazikika, sizichitika kuti nthawi yotentha imakhala yodzaza ndi maluwa, ndipo posachedwa palibe.

Kuyika mbewu pa pulani yapakatikati, ndikofunikira kulipira chidwi ndi mitundu "yolemba". Chosangalatsa kwambiri mawonekedwe a mbewu, kameneka kameneka kamabzala m'munda wamaluwa. Ndipo motere, ndikwabwino kubzala mitundu yosamvetseka ya makope (3-5-7, etc.).

Zomera zomwe zimamera m'munsi m'mphepete mwenimweni zimabzalidwa m'magulu onenepa. Poterepa, kusinthana kwa mbewu (kubwereza) ndi mtundu wokuyimira ndikuwongolera kapangidwe ka dimba.

Kupereka kusungika kwa mixborder, kuphatikiza mbewu kukhala imodzi, ndikofunikira kuti tigwiritse ntchito mfundo ya rhythmization, i.e. kubwereza. Kuti muchite izi, mutha kusankha mawonedwe amodzi kapena gulu limodzi kuti muwonenso pagululo nthawi ina. Mutha kukhazikitsanso mtunduwo pogwiritsa ntchito mawanga amtundu (ndikwabwino kugwiritsa ntchito mbewu zamtundu wotsika motere).

Mukayika mbewu pa mapulani, werengani maguluwo, ndikupanga ndandanda ya mbewu zomwe zikugwiritsidwa ntchito. Popeza talandira pulani yoyipa, sinthani kukhazikika kwa chikhalidwe chokongoletsera, kufunika kokongoletsa mutasintha maluwa kapena nthawi yakula, ndikuwonjezera kapena kuchepetsa magulu. Tsopano dongosolo lolemba lakonzeka. Zingakhale bwino kuphunzira kupanga mapulani a dimba lamaluwa kuti muwone momwe mbewuzo zimayaliridwira molondola.

Mutha kuyika mbewuzo pang'onopang'ono m'njira zingapo - palibe kusiyana kwambiri pakati pawo. Akatswiri achijeremani amaika mbewu pa pulaniyo ngati mawonekedwe a amakono atatu. Ndi fanizoli, dera lomwe anthu amakhala ndi chikhalidwechi amawerengedwa mosavuta. Gertrude Jekyll amakhulupirira kuti ndibwino kuyika mbewu m'munda wamaluwa mwanjira yamitali yazitali zosiyanasiyana. Kutalika ndi m'lifupi mikwingwirima kumadalira kukhazikika kwa kukongoletsa kwa chikhalidwe china. Chomera chokhazikika, mzere wake wonse umaperekedwa. Ndipo mosiyanasiyana, ngati mbewu yataya kukongoletsa itatha maluwa, nthiti yopapatiza komanso yochepa imapatsidwa kwa iyo. Ndi chizolowezi chathu kudziwa malo omwe adagawidwa kuti akhale achikhalidwe chokhala ndi mazira otambalala kapena mawonekedwe osakhazikika. Sankhani njira yomwe ili yabwino kwambiri kwa inu.

Kusanthula kwamaluwa amakongoletsedwe a nyengo.

Tsopano muyenera kupenda kukongoletsa kwamunda wamaluwa. Kuti achite izi, amaika pepala pa dongosolo lomwe lakonzedwa kale, kufotokoza magulu, ndikujambulanso maguluwo molingana ndi nthawi ya maluwa. Payenera kukhala zithunzi zitatu zosachepera pepala (nyengo iliyonse): kasupe - kuyambira pakati pa Meyi mpaka pakati pa Juni, chilimwe - kuyambira pakati pa Juni mpaka pakati pa Ogasiti ndi nthawi yophukira - kuyambira pakati pa Ogasiti mpaka kumapeto kwa Seputembala - koyambirira kwa Okutobala.

Kuti muwone mwatsatanetsatane, mapulani ofananawa amakokedwa pamwezi uliwonse. Posinkhasinkha chithunzichi, titha kuzindikira za kugawa kwathunthu kwa maluwa panthaka, pomwe masamba okongoletsa okhazikika akuyenera kukhala ndi chizindikiro chapadera.

Mutatha kusanthula kwamtundu wa maluwa osatha maluwa, mutha kuzindikira kuti kulibe mitundu yambiri yamaluwa yophukira, ndipo ambiri aiwo amasiya kukongoletsa atatha maluwa. Mfundoyi iyenera kukumbukiridwa mukamayika mbewu mu chosakanikirana. Zomera zonse zotumphukira masika ndi theka loyamba la chilimwe, ndikofunikira kuyika pakati ndi kumbuyo kwa dimba la maluwa (muyenera kuganizira kutalika kwa mbewu), ndi zokolola za theka lanyengo yachilimwe ndi nthawi yophukira, m'malo mwake, pafupi kwambiri pamphepete. Ngati izi sizikumbukiridwa, ndiye kuti kutsogolo komwe kumazimiririka, mbewu zawo zokongola "ziwonekera". Mutha kupanga malo owoneka bwino mu kasupe chifukwa cha zochuluka komanso zazing'ono-bulbous. Zikuwoneka bwino kwa ine kuyika mababu m'malo a tekinoloje pakati pa perennials - m'magulu ang'onoang'ono (3-5 zidutswa) kapena nthiti.

Tsopano pofotokoza zonse, titha kuyamba gawo lomaliza la mapangidwe. Nthawi zambiri pamalopo, mbewu zonse zimapakidwa mogwirizana ndi mawonekedwe ake amtundu, komanso ngati zikufalikira nthawi yomweyo.

Nthawi zambiri pamakhala funso loti ndigawidwe ku chikhalidwe chiti. Takambirana kale pazolephera zina pamapangidwe azomera. Koma lamulo lalikulu ndi ili: zokulitsa dimba la maluwa m'deralo ndi kutalika kwake, magulu akulu a maluwa omwe ali pazomera zazikulu ayenera kukhalapo. Komabe, akukhulupirira kuti ngakhale pamitundu ikuluikulu yosakanikirana, dera lomwe mbewu zokhazokha siziyenera kupitilira 3-5 m2.

Nthawi zina, pakufuna kupitiliza maluwa, mitundu yambiri ya mitundu imagwiritsidwa ntchito. Pankhaniyi, monga lamulo, kumverera kwa umphumphu wa dimba la maluwa kutayika. Kugwiritsa ntchito mitundu yambiri kumabweretsa kuti mbewu iliyonse, chifukwa cha kusowa kwa malo, imabzalidwa m'makope ochepa okha, omwe pamapeto pake imabweretsa zotsatira za "vinaigrette". M'munda wamaluwa wocheperako (5-6 m2), amalimbikitsidwa kuti asayike mitundu yoposa 10 ya mbewu. Nthawi yomweyo, chikhalidwe chilichonse chimayenera kuyimilidwa pamlingo wambiri kotero kuti zinali zotheka kulingalira zabwino zake zonse. Pankhaniyi, lamuloli limagwira ntchito: chokulirapo, chocheperako chimatha kuyimiridwa ngati mulibe cholinga (mwachitsanzo, ngati mbewu yopatsidwa sitsogoleri m'munda wamaluwa). Ndipo mosiyana, mbewuzo zikachulukana, zimabzalidwe kwambiri. Mwachitsanzo, m'munda wamaluwa wamaluwa awiri okwanira 2-3 ndizokwanira, nthawi yomweyo mitengo iwiri ya 2 primroses imangotayika mu unyinji wazomera zonse.

M'munda wamaluwa wokulirapo (20 m2 kapena kupitilira pamenepo), mitunduyi imatha kukula mpaka 20-25 kapena kupitilira apo. Poterepa, kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa mfundo ya kusungunuka kwamiyeso ndikofunikira. Poika mbewu m'magulu molingana ndi gawo lonse la dimba lamasamba, ndikosavuta kutsatira lingaliro la kusiyana, kusintha mbewu ndi mawonekedwe ena a tsamba ndi chitsamba, kapena,, kusewera pamafanizo amtundu wa inflorescences, maluwa ndi masamba.

Pogwira ntchito pa ntchitoyi, ndikofunikira kuganizira momwe zovuta kapena zikhalidwe zina ziliri zovuta. Malo omwe adayikidwanso m'munda wamaluwa zimadalira kwambiri chizindikiro. Vomerezani, pali mitundu yambiri ya nyama yomwe imafunika chisamaliro chokhazikika komanso chisamaliro. Pakati pawo pali mbewu zingapo zomwe zimafunikira kubzala ndikufukula chaka chilichonse (mwachitsanzo, dahlias, gladioli, cannes, hyacinths, mitundu ina ya tulips, tuber begonia), kupatsirana pafupipafupi (burashi wamaluwa wamkulu), garter (dolphinium), malo ogona nthawi yachisanu (maluwa, knifofiya). Zomera zoterezi zimatchulidwa kuti ndizogwira ntchito kwambiri ndipo zimayesa kuyika m'munda wamaluwa kuti ndizosavuta kuwayandikira.

Kuwerengera kuchuluka kwa zinthu zofunikira kubzala.

Ntchito ya munda wamaluwa yakonzeka. Gawo lomaliza ndikuwerengera kwa chiwerengero chofunikira cha mbewu. Mutha kugwiritsa ntchito phale pa izi. Gululi la mabwalo lomwe lili ndi mbali ya masentimita 1 limayikidwa papepala lofunafuna ndi inki. Phale limayikidwa pa pulani ya dimba lamaluwa ndipo kuchuluka kwa mabwalo amawerengedwa (yoyamba, kenako ma halves, ndi zina). Tiyeni tinene chikhalidwe china pa pulani yomwe imakhala mabwalo 20. Ngati muyeso wamalangidwewo ndi 1: 25, ndiye kuti dera laling'ono lomwelo (pamalopo) likhala 25 x 25 cm, i.e. 625 cm2. Kuchulukitsa zotsatirazi poyerekeza ndi kuchuluka kwa mabwalo ndipo pezani: 625 x 20 = 12,500 cm2 kapena 1.25 m2.

Kudziwa kuchuluka kwa kubzala kwa chikhalidwechi pa 1 m2, mwachitsanzo, kwa astilbe chiwerengerochi ndi ma PC 6c. (kutengera kutalika), timapeza chiwerengero choyenera cha mbewu zamderali: 6 x 1.25 = 7.5 vipande. Popeza palibe "amodzi ndi theka okumba", timazungulira chithunzi (nthawi zambiri m'mwamba) ndikupeza mbewu 8. Momwemonso, kuchuluka kwa mbewu zonse zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito m'munda wamaluwa izi zimawerengeredwa.

Pamaso pathu pali dongosolo lokonzekera dimba la maluwa, komabe likuyenera kusamutsidwa kuderalo.

Sinthani mapulani kumtunda

Kusamutsa dongosolo la dimba la maluwa mwachilengedwe, gwiritsani ntchito njira zosiyanasiyana. Poyamba, chithunzi cha dimba la maluwa chimayikidwa pamalo omwe apatsidwa izi mothandizidwa ndi muyeso wa tepi, zikhomo ndi mapasa. Mutha "kubowola" dimba la maluwa ku mpanda, khoma la nyumbayo, koma njirayi imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pamenepa. Pogwiritsa ntchito zikhomo ndi mapasa, masamba omwe adapangidwira maluwa amagawidwanso m'magulu a mabwalo omwe ali ndi mbali ya 1 mita (ndizotheka kuti mukadakula mudakulitsa positi yanu yomwe mumakonda mwanjira iyi). Magulu amtundu wa chomera payekha amatha kuthiridwa mwachindunji ndi dothi pogwiritsa ntchito mchenga.

Zida zogwiritsidwa ntchito:

• Bochkova I. Yu. - Timapanga dimba lokongola la maluwa. Mfundo za kusankha mbewu.