Chifukwa Kalanchoe samachita maluwa, amangopereka masamba ndipo masamba amasamba achikasu

Aphid, mealybugs, tizilombo tating'onoting'ono ndi tizilombo tating'onoting'ono ta Kalanchoe. Tizilombo timadyera masamba abwino, kubaya ndi hema komanso kutulutsa timadzi tating'onoting'ono ngati singano ya hypodermic. Onani chifukwa chomwe mmera sungaphuke kapena kupereka masamba, koma umasanduka wachikaso ndi mdima.

Matenda a Kalanchoe: Chithandizo cha Kunyumba

Mochedwa

Kuvunda kwadothizogwirizana ndi kutsika kwamadzi kumatsogolera pakuwola mizu. Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, monga kufinya mochedwa, kumakulitsa vutoli.

Mphepete mochedwa ndizowopsa kwa zomera zambiri, kuwonekera kulikonse chimodzimodzi

Zizindikiro zakutha koipazi:

• kukula kubwezeretsa;
• tsinde lofewa pafupi ndi maziko;
• mawanga a bulauni m'dera la nthambi;

Zikhwima zimazimiririka (ngati chomera chambiri chitha, ndiye kuti zowola zimagunda mizu ndizovuta kwambiri kuzisunga).

• ndi kukula kwa matendawo, fungo la nkhungu limawonekera.

Chochita: chimalepheretsa kukula kwa mochedwa choipitsa cha Kalanchoe m'malo ovomerezeka. Awa ndi dothi lokhala ndi peat moss ndi perlite. (60:40 kapena 50:50).

Ngati poto wachikale wagwiritsidwa ntchito, ndiye kuti watulutsa majakisoni mu njira 10% ya bulichi (gawo 1 la bulichi - madzi 9 mbali). Phytophthora sikhala m'matupi owuma, koma amapanga matalala owoneka bwino, omwe amapatsidwitsidwa nthawi yayitali popanda mbewu.

Minyezi ya dothi komanso nyengo ikamakhala yabwino, chitukuko chake chimalimbikitsidwa ndipo chimafika pamlingo wowononga.

Sayenera kusiyidwa mu thireyi madzi oyimirirayomwe imayenda kudzera mumabowo otayira. Mizu yake imatha kubwezeretsanso. Kuthandizira dothi pogwiritsa ntchito fangayi (thiophanate methyl) kumathandizira kuwongoletsa bowa.

Thiofanate Methyl amatha kuthandizira matenda a nthaka ndi fungus

Komabe, mankhwala amagwira ntchito kokha ngati kuwonongeka kwa mizu sikokulira.

Popewa, kugulitsa zinthu zomwe zikugwiritsidwa ntchito. Kuphatikiza kwa salicylic acid kumayambitsa kukhathamiritsa kwa majini kofunikira popanga jasmonic acid.

Chifukwa cha njirayi, duwa atenga kachilombo mochedwa vuto. Kuchulukitsa kwakukulu kwa zizindikiro kumawonedwa mukamathandizidwa ndi salicylic acid ndi silicon kapena chitosan.

Takambirana kale za zoyipa za matendawa pamitundu ina ya Kalanchoe. Mwachitsanzo, momwe mochedwa blight amawonekera ndikuwathandizira ku Kalanchoe Kalandiva.

Gray zowola

Causative wothandizira wa imvi zowola - pathogenic (necrotrophic) fungus Botritis imvi. Zinthu zazikuluzikulu pakuwonekera kwake ndi chinyezi chambiri komanso kutentha kozungulira.

Zizindikiro

• mawonekedwe oyera opaka masamba;
• mawanga amasintha mtundu pakapita nthawi: kukula kwa imvi, komwe kumakhala ma spores (maselo ochulukitsa) a bowa;
• nsaluyo imakhala yofewa.

Matenda akapezeka, chofunikira mwachangu masinthidwe Kalanchoe. Chotsani madera omwe ali ndi kachilombo. Yeretsani chomera ndi ma fungicides achilengedwe. Samalirani kuyatsa kwabwino. Muyenera kusintha dothi.

Mukadulira ndikubzala, zimakhala mosamala kwambiri kuti zitheke: kuphukira kwa spores nthawi zambiri kumakhudzana ndi zobiriwira, zathanzi labwino, koma zimatha kudutsa mabala.

Powdery mildew

Matenda a fungal omwe akukhudza mbewu zosiyanasiyana, kuphatikizapo Kalanchoe. Zimadziwika mosavuta chifukwa Zizindikiro ndizodabwitsa kwambiri:

• mawanga ang'onoang'ono a chlorotic pamasamba;
• pamene ikula, fungus mycelium imakuta mbali zazikuluzonse za chomeracho, kudziwonetsera ngati mawonekedwe amtundu wafumbi loyera kapena laimvi;
• mawanga akuda kapena a bulauni (fruiting thupi la bowa) pa mycelial kumtunda;
• Kukula kumachepera chifukwa cha kusokonekera kwa photosynthesis, masamba samacha;
• kupotoza ndi kugwa kwa chivundikiracho (chizindikiro cha atypical brownish chofanana ndi nkhanambo chitha kuchitika).

Powdery mildew - fungus yomwe imagwira mbewu iliyonse: mkati ndi kunja

Mikhalidwe yabwino pakukula kwa matendawa:

Khwangwala kumakhala komwe

Kufalikira kokwanira kwa mpweya Kuwala koyipa · Kutentha pang'ono ndi kutentha kwambiri

Amathandizidwa ndi fungicides (benomyl, fenarimol), yozikidwa pa sulufule, mafuta a neem, bicarbonate wa potaziyamu. Chosankhidwa chimagwiritsidwa ntchito pa tsinde ndi masamba axils.

Njira ina yomwe ingagwiritsidwe ntchito ndi fungicides ndi mtundu wa koloko yowotchera yosungunuka m'madzi (supuni 1 pa 1 lita imodzi yamadzi), yomwe chomera chimapoperedwa mosamala.

Chida chomwe chawoneka chothandiza komanso chofanana ndi fungicides zina - mkaka kuchepetsedwa m'madzi (1 mkaka mbali 10 yamadzi). Ndibwino kuti muzigwiritsa ntchito koyamba chizindikiro cha matenda kapena popewa kupewa.

Limagwirira ntchito ndi ferroglobulin. Puloteni iyi ya seramu, ikayatsidwa ndi kuwala kwa dzuwa, imatulutsa zoyipa za okosijeni, polumikizana ndi bowa.

Tizilombo: choti tichite

Aphid: Momwe mungayimire kutulutsa ndi kuponya maluwa

Pa gawo loyambirira la matenda, zizindikiro zilizonse za nsabwe za m'masamba ndizovuta kuzizindikira. Tizilomboti timakhala tating'ono kwambiri ndipo timakhala kumbuyo kwa tsamba pita osadziwika.

Kuopsa kwa nsabwe za m'masamba ndikuti amasintha mwachangu kuzomera zoyandikana

Dera lozungulirali limazindikirika pakubzala. Zadziwika kuti nsabwe za m'masamba zimabala msanga pamaluwa a Kalanchoe odzaza.

Tizilombo timamwa madzi am'madzimo ndipo timadetsa ndi jakisoni wapoizoni.

Zizindikiro:

• chomera chowonongeka ndi chopunduka;
• masamba amasanduka achikasu;
• masamba satulutsa, maluwa enieni amataya;
• mbali zakhudzidwa ndi tsindeyo ndizakutidwa ndi zinthu zomata.

Chowopsa ndichakuti nsabwe za m'masamba zimakhala ndi mitundu yoposa 100 ya ma virus. Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tifunika kudya madzi ambiri, chifukwa kuchuluka kwa shuga kumakhala kwakukulu kwambiri poyerekeza ndi kuchuluka kwa ma amino acid.

Tizilombo ta shuga timayikidwa mu mawonekedwe a chobisalira patsekeke pamasamba ndi zimayambira za mbewu, kukopa nyerere ndikuthandizira ngati njira yothanirana ndi bowa. "Timadzi tokoma" uyu amatsekera ma pores a kupuma (stomata), kuletsa chomera pangani michere yanu.

Ma nsabwe amatha kulowa m'nyumba ndi maluwa omwe amabweretsa posachedwa komanso ndi maluwa. Ndiye chifukwa chake maluwa atsopano amafunika kuyikidwa m'dera lokhalamo anthu, m'mawu ena, m'chipinda china.

Kuti athane ndi nsabwe za m'masamba, Kalanchoe amathandizidwa ndi mankhwala oyenera. Mankhwalawa amabwerezedwa kamodzi pa sabata kwa mwezi umodzi.

Yalangizidwa ndi yankho ndi sopo wobiriwira (20 g sopo pa lita imodzi) pomwe mmerowo umatsukidwa, mutatha kuphimba dothi ndi polyethylene. Nthawi zina gwiritsani ntchito yankho ndi sopo yochapa: imapwetekanso nsabwe za m'masamba, koma pang'ono.

Koma chinthu choyamba kuchita:

Gawo 1	sunthani Kalanchoe kumalo kopanda anthu
Gawo 2	samalani ndi payipi kapena shawa
Gawo 3	chepetsa madera (zida zothimbirira pambuyo poti zidulidwe) ndikuziwotcha
Gawo 4	sakanizani mowa pang'ono ndi madzi (gawo limodzi mowa mpaka magawo awiri a madzi) ndikuthira mankhwala tsiku lililonse m'mawa

Nsabwe za m'masamba zimakopeka ndi mafuta odzola, omwe amatha kuzichotsa pamunsi ndipo potero amawongolera anthu.

Chotchinga

Tizilombo tating'onoting'ono tofanana ndi ma brown kapena ma orange kapena matonsi amapezeka pambali yamasamba pafupi ndi mitsempha, pa tsinde, pakukamba kwa tsamba ndi tsinde.

Kalanchoe, wokhudzidwa ndi sikelo, ofooka, chivundikirocho chimatembenukira chikaso ndikugwa. Chiperecho chimatha kubereka chaka chonse, ndikupanga shuga yambiri, ndikudya msuzi wa mbewu.

Chikopa chimakhala ndi kuphatikiza kamodzi - ndikosavuta kuzindikira

"Mitsinje" iyi imakopa sooty nkhungukukula pamapepala. Mwambiri, izi sizichitika mwachangu, nthawi zambiri zimatenga masabata ambiri, musanazindikire kuti mbewuyo yakhala chandamale cha tizilombo.

Momwe mungasungireZinthu zotsutsa-zakudya zomwe zili ndi zotsatirazi zamafuta:

• feverfew;
• mafuta acids achilengedwe;
• mafuta achifwamba.

Kwa prophylaxis Nthawi zonse muziyang'ana ngati pali matenda. Pasakhale udzu m'nthaka yomwe nthawi zambiri imakhala ndi zovulaza. Nyerere zikuthamangira uku ndi uku ndikuyamwa chinsinsi chomata ndi chizindikiro chofunikira.

Mealybug

Wofinya, wowonda wowumbika, wafa wafa mealybugs amawoneka ngati mawanga thonje omwe nthawi zambiri amalakwitsa kuti akumbeni. Zimayenda pang'onopang'ono, koma zikadzapeza malo oyenera, zimasunthika ndikupanga masango.

Nthawi zambiri amapezeka pa mphukira zatsopano, m'mitsempha ndikulunjika ndi tsinde. Amayamwa msuzi, womwe umatsogolera kukula, kusweka, chikaso ndi kugwa kwamasamba.

Akaphatikizidwa ku chomera, amapatula chinthu chomata chomwe amagwiritsa ntchito kuteteza, pomwe kuyamwa zamasamba.

Mealybug imadziwikanso mosavuta, monga momwe zimakhalira ndi nkhanambo.

Zowonongeka zomwe zimayambitsidwa ndi mealybug sizimadziwonetsa pomwepo, koma m'kupita kwanthawi zimawononga. Monga tizirombo tina tonse tanyumba zam'mimba, chithandizo chiyenera kuyambika nthawi yomweyo vuto likapezeka.

Ayi analimbikitsa gwiritsani ntchito mankhwala ophera tizilombochifukwa mealybug imagwirizana ndi mankhwala ambiri. Kuphatikiza apo, amayamba kukana mankhwala ophera tizilombo omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pafupipafupi.

Ndikofunika kugwiritsa ntchito njira zotetezeka:

1. Ndi swab thonje, wokhathamira mu mowa, wazipatso zakale zamaluwa.
2. Pukutani pamasamba a duwa lomwe lili ndi kachilombo sopo wophera tizilombo kapena yankho la madzi a sopo (kutengera supuni 1 yamadzi amadzimadzi amodzi pa lita imodzi yamadzi).
3. Ngati mbewuyo ndi yaying'ono, ndikosavuta kuchitsuka ndikusamba madzi kapena kusamba ndi yankho.

Popewa, mafuta a neem ndi abwino kwambiri, okhala ndi mikhalidwe yabwino kwambiri ya mankhwala ophera tizilombo. Ikagwiritsidwa ntchito, imasakanizidwa ndi mafuta a horticultural kapena aerosol yotsuka tsabola. Nyongolotsi zake ndizowopsa osati kwa Kalanchoe zokha, komanso kwa mitundu ina payokha. Mwachitsanzo, imaphatikizidwa pamndandanda wamatenda ndi majeremusi omwe ali owopsa kwa cholembera cha Blossfeld.

Nyerere zitha kuyambitsa vuto! Iwo ali sinthani tizilombo ku chomerakudyetsa zotsalira za poto-zomwe zimapangidwa ndi mealybug.

Pankhaniyi, muyenerafunikira mankhwala kuti muchotse nyerere. Izi ndizofunika kwambiri, chifukwa nyerere zimateteza tizirombo izi ndikuchotsa zinyalala zawo kuchoka pachomera china kupita kwina.

Dziwani Zizindikiro: Mafunso ndi Mayankho

Samachita maluwa, amangopereka masamba

Cholinga chake ndikuti Kalanchoe samatulutsa, ngakhale kuti masamba ndi ophika komanso athanzi, akhoza kukhalapo owonjezera feteleza. Kalanchoe ndi chomera chachidule komanso chamaluwa kutengera ndi nthawi yayitali bwanji mumdima.

Ngati chivundikiro cha dzuwa tsiku lililonse chimaposa maola 12, sichingakhale pachimake.

Chifukwa chiyani masamba azipiringa

Kalanchoe amakhudzidwa ndi kupindika, nthata za cyclamen ndi timapepala, timene timapangitsa kupindika. Ngati vuto ndi ili, ndiye kuti chithandizo chamankhwala ophera tizirombo kapena matenda ophera tizilombo tifunika.

Zowonjezera UV imatha kukhala yovuta ndi kuyambitsa kusintha kwa kusintha kwa masanjidwe ndi kusintha kwachilengedwenso: kupindika kwa masamba ndi mapangidwe a bulauni.

Chowonadi ndi chakuti Kalanchoe ali ndi ma flavonoids ambiri, omwe amadziwika kuti ndioteteza UV.

Ultraviolet imasokoneza thanzi la maluwa, ndikupangitsa zizindikiro zopweteka

Mawanga akuda

Mwambiri, amayamba ndi matenda oyamba ndi fungus. Izi zikutanthauza kuti Kalanchoe amadwala kutentha kochepa komanso chinyezi chambiri.

Kuphatikiza pa mawonekedwe osawoneka bwino, mawanga akuda amatha kukhala ovulaza pamaselo a cellular, chifukwa chakugwa masamba (defoliation).

Maonekedwe akuda amatha kukhala chizindikiro chachiwiri, mwachitsanzo, atadwala matendawa ndi mealybug.

Madontho a bulauni pamasamba

Amapangidwa chifukwa cha kudontha (edema) kapena kutenga kachilombo ndi bowa. Njira yabwino yodzisungira masamba ndi kupewa kupewa kunyowa. Ngakhale masamba otsekemera ndi wandiweyani, amtundu, odzaza ndi msuzi, ndi sizitanthauza kuti Kalanchoe amafunika kuthiriridwa madzi nthawi zambirikuposa mbewu zina.

M'malo mwake, dothi pakati pa manyowa liyenera kuti liume. Kalanchoe amakhudzidwa ndi kuchuluka kwa feteleza, monga lamulo, pamafunika zina zowonjezera komanso zowonjezera (feteleza wopepuka kamodzi pachaka).

Ndi mchere wambiri wokhala ndi feteleza, dzikundanani m'nthaka ndipo mutha kuwotcha mizu. Ndipo popeza yankho lamchere limayenda, limakhudza masamba, ndikupangitsa mawanga a bulauni.

Chikwangwani choyera pamasamba

Powdery mildew imakonda malo omwe Kalanchoe: malo ofunda, owuma. Poyamba, zitha kuwoneka ngati zopanda vuto ndipo mbewuyo imakula bwino kwakanthawi.

Matendawa amafalikira, ndikuwonongeka kwakukulu (masamba amataya mtundu wawo, kukhala wobiriwira, kenako wachikasu komanso opuwala).

Masamba amagwa: zoyambitsa ndi chisamaliro

Cholinga chake ndichotheka kwambiri pakufooka kwa mbewu. Mu nthawi yozizira, izi zimachitika chifukwa choyandikira kutenthetsa kwapakati. Mwambiri, mbewuyo imayimirira pawindo pafupi ndi batri, ndipo mpweya wozungulira ndi wouma kwambiri.

Ndikwabwino kusamutsira chiwe kuchipinda chocheperako malinga ndi malingaliro otsatirawa:

Kutentha kwapamwamba	Kutentha kwabwinoko kwambiri mukatha nthawi yozizira osataya masamba obiriwira, pafupifupi madigiri 13-15
Chinyezi	ndikofunikira kuti pamtunda wotsika pamakhala chinyezi chochepa, apo ayi muyenera kusintha chomera kuchokera ku nkhungu

Masamba amasanduka achikasu ndi owuma

Alimi onse a maluwa amalota kuti Kalanchoe nthawi zonse amasangalatsa diso ndi masamba obiriwira. Koma zimachitika kuti tsinde limatambalala, masamba apansi amayamba kusanduka achikaso ndikuuma. Mavutowa amawonetsa kuyatsa kosayenera.

Dzuwa mwachindunji limatha kukhala zovulaza zomera zamkati.

Kalanchoe amakonda kuwala kolunjika kwamalimwe nthawi yachilimwe, motsatana kuwonekera kummawa kapena kumadzulo. M'nyengo yozizira, mmera umafunikira kuunikira kowonjezerapo, motero ndibwino kusamutsira kumawonekedwe akumwera.

Kufota maluwa

Nthawi zina vutoli limachitika pambuyo pa maluwa, pomwe mbewuyo imayamba kutha. Kuyimitsa: muyenera kuthana ndi feteleza kapena zakudya za feteleza.

Kusamalira Kalanchoe ndikofunikira kudula mphukira zakale pa nthawi. Kenako idzakusangalatsani ndi mawonekedwe ake okongola komanso maluwa ambiri patapita nthawi.

Momwe Mungathandizire Kalanchoe Bloom

Pamene masiku amafupika ndipo Kalanchoe amakumana ndi nthawi yayitali yamdima, maluwa ochulukirachulukira amawonekera. Koma kumatuluka kumayamba chifukwa chamdima wa masabata asanu ndi limodzi.

Yesani kutsanzira nyengo zakuda kuti Kalanchoe iphulike

Kuyambira pakati pa Okutobala ndi kumayambiriro kwa Marichi, masiku afupikitsa ndipo masamba amawoneka mwachilengedwe. Nthawi zina, mbewu imatsukidwa mumdima ndikusiyidwa kwa maola 14 tsiku lililonse ndi masana kwa maola 10.

Kutsirira kunyumba kumachepetsedwa ndi theka. Kutentha kwakukulu pakupanga maluwa ndi madigiri 7 usiku ndi madigiri 16 masana. Kalanchoe adzaphuka m'masabata 5-7.

Kenako pitilizani chisamaliro chanthawi zonse. Maluwa opukutidwa amachotsedwa, zomwe zimalimbikitsa mawonekedwe atsopano.

Kalanchoe amakonda kutentha kutentha - pakati 15 - 25 madigiri.Kutentha kochepa (osachepera madigiri 4), mbewuyo imatha kufa patangopita maola ochepa.

Njira zabwino zopewera matenda a Kalanchoe ndikutsatira zosavuta.

Tetezani masamba a mbewu kuti akhale ouma, patsani dothi labwino komanso louma. Kuti mupeze choyimira chamaluwa, muyenera kuchotsa maluwa kulowa mnyumbamo.

Ngakhale Kalanchoe amaonedwa ngati chomera chamachiritso, maluwa ake amawoneka okongola kwambiri.

M'chilimwe amatha kutulutsidwa kunja m'malo otetezeka pang'ono, ndikubwerera kuchipinda chisanachitike chisanu koyamba kapena miyezi itatu isanakwane maluwa. Ngakhale muyenera kukumbukira kuti poyera mbewu imakopa nkhupakupa, tizilombo tating'onoting'ono ndi nsabwe za m'masamba.