Munthawi yotentha ya ku Central ndi West Africa, nthumwi zambiri zadzomera ndi mbewu zazikulu zobiriwira nthawi zonse. Dracaena onunkhira, yemwe amapezeka mu dziko limodzi ndi theka la anthu aku Africa, amakula mpaka 6 metres ndipo amawomba ndi masamba onyansa omwe amaphimba tsinde lomweli.
Dracaena onunkhira: mawonekedwe a chomera
Kunyumba, mtundu wamtunduwu wa dracaena ulinso wopatsa chidwi, kokha kukula kwa mtengowo ndizochepa kwambiri. Crohn yamtali wamtali kwambiri kutalika kwake sikupitirira 1.5-2 metres. Koma zokongoletsera zazikuluzikulu zamtunduwu si kukula, koma masamba opindika, amtundu wokongola. Pazikhalidwe zamphika lero, mitundu yowala kwambiri ya dracaena onunkhira omwe ali ndi masamba 60-masentimita aphatikiza masamba amdima komanso owala obiriwira, achikasu achikasu ndi oyera ndi otchuka kwambiri.
Zojambula zonunkhira za chithunzi zimasonyezeratu kuchuluka kwa chikhalidwe. Mu chilengedwe, wamkulu osatha wa dracaena pachimake. Phata lamaso lamphamvu limapezeka kuchokera pamwamba pa tsamba, pomwe maluwa ang'onoang'ono owoneka oyera amaoneka oyera. Mosiyana ndi mitundu yofananira, maluwa onunkhira a dracaena amafalitsa fungo labwino mu chigawo chonse, chifukwa chake mawonekedwe okongoletsa adatchulidwa.
M'nyumba, madracaena amaphulika kawirikawiri. Zonunkhira zosiyanasiyana zimachitikanso chimodzimodzi. Koma cholembera chobiriwira kapena chokongola chimakwanira bwino mkati mwanjira iliyonse ndipo chimakhala chokongoletsera chachikulu cha chipindacho.
Kukongola kwachilendo kwa mlendo waku Africa sindiwo mtundu wamtunduwu. Chifukwa cha kusasamala kwa mankhwala osunkhira bwino, kuwasamalira sikungatenge nthawi yambiri ndi khama.
Kusamalira Dracaena onunkhira kunyumba: chithunzi ndi kufotokoza kwa ntchito
Ma Dracaena onse ndi mbewu zabwino zogwiritsidwa ntchito m'nyumba. Zikukula mosiyana ndi nthaka komanso kufunika kwa nthaka, kulekerera mosavuta kuyika mthunzi. Palibe chisamaliro chamankhwala kapena fungo lonunkhira zofunika. Imakula bwino pamawindo akumadzulo ndi kum'mawa, pa loggias ndi mkati.
Zolepheretsa kwambiri kuwala kochepa ndi mitundu yokhala ndi masamba obiriwira. Ngati Dracaena atawonekera mnyumbamo ndi masamba owala, ndiye kuti ayenera kupeza malo owalirapo, apo ayi mapangidwewo azitsefukira kapena kuzimiririka.
Monga mbewu zina zamkati, ma dracaena onunkhira, pachithunzichi, sakonda zojambula:
- masiku a chilimwe, mbewuyo imakhala yotentha pa 19 mpaka 25 ° C;
- nthawi yozizira, chipinda chomwe duwa limakhalapo liyenera kuzizira pang'ono, pafupifupi 10-14 ° C.
Kuti akhalebe ndi masamba okongola komanso zipatso zake, ma dracenes amapereka chinyezi chambiri. Izi ndizofunikira makamaka munyengo yotentha, pomwe mbewuyo sikuti imangokhalira kukula, komanso mpweya wabwino. M'chilimwe komanso m'miyezi yotsala ya chaka, ndikofunikira kupukuta masamba ndi nsalu yonyowa. Kusamalira kotereku kununkhira bwino kumathandizira kuwoneka ngati dracaena ndikuthandizira chomera kupuma.
Ndikusintha kwa nyengo, kufunika kwa kusintha kwamadzi. Choyambirira, izi zimakhudza kuchuluka kwa kudalira chikhalidwe cha kuthirira madzi:
- M'nyengo yotentha, mtanda wa dothi pansi pa chomera uyenera kukhala wonyowa pang'ono, ndipo kuyanika kwake kumawopseza kusintha mtundu wa masamba ndi kufota.
- M'nyengo yozizira, pamtunda wotsika kwambiri, chinyezi chowonjezera chimakhala chowopsa kwambiri. Nthaka yonyowa kwambiri ndi yomwe imayambitsa kuvunda kwa mizu. Chosiyana ndi zomwe zimachitika pamene fungo la kununkhira silikupita nthawi yachisanu. Mu mpweya wofunda, wowuma, chikhalidwecho chimayenera kuthiriridwa ndikuthiridwa.
Nthawi zambiri, kuthirira kumachitika kawiri pa mlungu ndipo nthawi yopitilira 1 mumasabata awiri nthawi yozizira.
Kutseguka kwa nthaka panthaka:
- zopindulitsa pa boma la mizu;
- amawongolera chinyezi cha gawo lapansi;
- kumawonjezera kulowamo kwa okosijeni mkati mwake.
Monga gawo la chisamaliro cha chaka chonse cha mankhwala osokoneza bongo onunkhira, kunyumba, monga pachithunzichi, mbewu zitsimikizika kudyetsa:
- nyengo yotentha, nyimbo zovuta za kanjedza ndi ma dracens zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kawiri pamwezi;
- m'miyezi yozizira, zopangidwira pakati pamavalidwe apamwamba zimachulukitsidwa.
Woyamba kumuika akudikirira wachinyamata wabwino wonunkhira zaka 2-3 mutabzala. Kupitilira apo, zitsanzo zakale zimasinthidwa kukhala miphika yayikulu pakatha zaka zitatu zilizonse. Gawo laling'ono la ma dracaena amitundu yonse amafunika lotayirira, lopepuka. Ndibwino kuti mutenge chisakanizo cha mitengo ya kanjedza ndi kuwonjezera sphagnum pang'ono, zidutswa za njerwa zofiira ndi makala ophwanyidwamo. Denga lamphamvu lamadzimadzi limafunikira pansi pamphika kuti lichotse chinyezi chambiri.
Kudulira komanso kubereka fungo lamasewera onunkhira
Dera lokalamba komanso lalitali lonunkhira lomwe limasonyezedwa chithunzicho, limakhala lofanana ndi kanjedza. Masamba akale, kuyanika, siyani thunthu, lomwe limakhala lopanda kanthu ndipo lopanda mphukira zam'mbali.
Chomera chachikulire pakhomo chimafuna kukhazikitsa kwa eni, koma izi sizithandiza pamene kukongoletsa kutayika.
Pankhaniyi, ndikofunikira kusintha kuti musinthe. Mu dracaena, kumtunda kwa mpirawo kumadulidwa ndi masamba 5-7. Thunthu lopanda kanthu limakutidwa ndi thumba ndikusiyidwa kuti lizitenthe. Pakatha pafupifupi mwezi umodzi, impso zodzuka zimayamba kupanga mphukira zowonjezereka. Zotsatira zake, mbewuyo imafupikitsidwa, imakhala yokongola kwambiri komanso yosangalatsa.
Pamwamba pa dracaena sayenera kutayidwa. Ichi ndi chipangizo chodabwitsa kwambiri chothandiza kuzika mizu ndi kufalitsa fungo lonunkhira.
Pansi pa pamwamba:
- osamasuka masamba angapo pansi
- kuyikidwa m'madzi ndi kuphatikiza makala ophwanyika kapena masentimita angapo omwe adaikidwa m'manda osakanikirana ndi mchenga, sphagnum ndi peat.
Pansi pa kanema kapena wowonjezera kutentha, dracaena adzazika mizu 3-4. Chifukwa chake mutha kukhala eni mwayi watsopano wokongoletsa chikhalidwe. Njira yosavuta yofalitsira zonunkhira zonunkhira bwino masika kapena theka lachiwiri la chilimwe.
