Duwa la Wanda Orchid linapezeka mchaka cha 1785 m'malo otentha kwambiri a Asia ndi woyenda wina wotchedwa William Jones. Wanda - dzina lomwe anthu a m'derali adapereka duwa, ndipo a Jones adazikonda, chifukwa zimawoneka ngati dzina la akazi wamba ku Europe.
Masiku ano, Wanda ndi mtundu wa mbewu za banja la Orchid, mitundu 53, mbadwa za Indonesia, Indochina, China, India ndi kumpoto kwa Australia. Kukongola kwa oimira mtunduwu kunawapangitsa kukhala otchuka pakati pa okonda mbewu zamkati.
Mitundu ya Orchid Wanda
Mwa mitundu 53 ndi ma hybrids ambiri a vandas, zotsatirazi ndizodziwika:
- Vanda yamitundu itatu imadziwika ndi kukula kwake kwakukulu (tsinde limakula mpaka 2 m), idalandira dzina lautoto wa maluwa ake. Ziphuphu ndizopanga mazira;
- Wanda wotupa amakula mpaka 3 metres, ndipo tsinde limapangidwa. Fox valky, i.e. wozungulira pamtanda. M'mphepete mwa miyala yankhonemonso ndimtundu wa maluwa, maluwa ndi akulu, ali ndi "milomo" yopangidwa ndi magulu atatu aphatikizidwe pamodzi;
- Wanda Sandera - Chizindikiro chimodzi cha dziko la Philippines. Chomera chimakhala ndi nthawi ya maluwa oyamba, nthawi zambiri masamba pafupifupi 6, kutalika kwake ndi mita.
- Wanda Rothschild ndi wosakanizidwa wa vanda wamtambo ndi Wander Sander. Maluwa okongola kwambiri a pinki ndi mitundu yambiri;
- Blue Wanda adatchulidwa chifukwa chamtundu wa pamakhala. Kukula kwake ndi kwapakatikati, tsinde ndikuwongoka, mu inflorescence ndi maluwa 6 mpaka 15. Maluwa amatha kukhala ndi ma mesh okongola, omwe ali osiyana kwambiri ndi mitundu ina.
Blue Wanda idagwiritsidwa ntchito mu hybridization ndipo adapereka ma hybrids ambiri.
Mawonekedwe ndi maluwa
Maluwa amakula, owala, nthawi zambiri amakhala ofiira kapena achikaso, okhala ndi mauna. Pali mitundu yokhala ndi maluwa a lalanje, ofiira komanso abuluu.
Wanda ndiwosiyana ndi ena chifukwa sifunikira kubzala mumphika wokhazikikaTsinde la vanda ndi lacylindrical, amtundu, masamba ndiwotalika, ngati ntambo, ngati kakombo. Amapangidwa m'mizere iwiri.
Wands ndi epiphytes ndipo samazika mizu m'nthaka.. M'malo mwake, amakhala ndi mizu yopanga bwino ya mlengalenga yomwe imachotsa chinyezi kuchokera ku nkhungu.
Kusamalira Panyumba
Kusamalira vanda ndikosiyana ndi kusamalira maluwa ambiri akunyumba. Popeza mmera "sukudziwa momwe" kuti udzere m'nthaka (mizu ya mlengalenga imangowola), umabzalidwe pamakungwa a pine bark. Kotero mpaka kumizu kumapereka mpweya wotuluka mosalekeza.
Kuwala, kutentha, poto, kuthirira ndi feteleza chomera
Zomera amakonda mawindo akumwerakoma masana amafunikira shading - cheza chachindunji chimatha kuyambitsa kuyaka. Ngati mbewuyo idakhala mumthunzi kwakanthawi, muyenera kuiphunzira pang'ono pang'ono.
Kibibila kintuba, Petelo wuzolanga moyo mu luzolo. Muyenera kuthilira chilimwe chilichonse kapena tsiku lililonse (malinga ndi nyengo), nthawi yozizira - kamodzi pa sabata kapena awiri.
Dyetsani chomeracho nthawi iliyonse Mlingo wocheperako kuposa momwe zalembedwera pamapaketi a mbewu ndi feteleza (malinga ndi zomwe owona wamaluwa ambiri, Mlingo waukulu kwambiri umalipo).
Wanda amakonda kwambiri kuvala kwapamwamba pamasamba, ndipo imathandizira kwambiri kukula pambuyo pa njirazi.
Kutentha kwabwino kwa duwa 22-25 madigirichinyezi 95%. Mphika wamaluwa uyenera kukhala ndi mabowo kuti mpweya udze kuzika mizu.
Thirani
Vanda imasinthidwa ngati kuli kofunikira, mwachitsanzo, ngati kuvunda kwa gawo lapansi kukuyamba, nkhungu kapena fungi wina awonekera. Mutha kuthamangitsa vanda komanso kuphatikizika kwa gawo lapansi, kuzika mizu mozama.
Kuika nthawi zambiri sikumakhala koopsa, popeza mizu ya vanda ilibe m'nthaka, koma makungwa owonongeka a mbewu zotayira. Gawo laling'onolo limatha kupangidwa ndikuphatikiza zidutswa za makungwa a paini ndi sphagnum muyezo wa 2 mpaka 1.
Amakhulupilira kuti Wanda akukula mtanga wopachikidwa safuna kumuikaPoika zina chotsani mizu yonse yowola kapena youma.
Matenda ndi majeremusi
Ganizirani za matenda wamba komanso majeremusi a vanda ndi njira zochitira nawo mwanjira ya tebulo:
| Matenda / majeremusi | Zizindikiro | Menyani |
| Bakiteriya zowola | Mizu kapena zimayambira zimasanduka zofiirira, ndiye lowani ndi kufa | Kuchepetsa 1 g wa tetracycline mu 1 lita. Thirani ndi kuthirira chomera kamodzi pa sabata mpaka kuchira |
| Matenda oyamba ndi mafangasi | Malo amdima pamunsi pamasamba | Chithandizo cha Foundationzol |
| Aphid / Mafunso | Pa zimayambira ndi pansi pa masamba, komanso nkhupakupa zimayambira m'matumbo a masamba ndi tizilombo | Madzi a mutu umodzi wa adyo mu lita imodzi yamadzi ndi kuwaza 2 pa sabata |
| Mealybug / Scale | Chomera: Tizilombo toyera pa masamba, “ubweya wa thonje” loyera pamasamba ndi pamitengo Scutellum: Kapangidwe ka mawanga a bulauni "zikopa" pamitengo | Sungunulani supuni ziwiri za ammonia ndi sopo wofanana wamadzimadzi mumtsuko wamadzi ndikuthira chomera. Nthawi zambiri zokwanira kamodzi. |
Zoyenera kuchita ngati sichikhala pachimake
Pali zinthu zingapo zogwirizana ndi maluwa.
- Mitundu iyi ya maluwa imatha kuphuka nthawi iliyonse pachaka: chisanu, kasupe, chilimwe. Ndipo ngakhale maluwa nthawi zambiri amapezeka mchaka, nthawi zina mumangofunika kuyembekeza, mwina chiweto chanu chidzamasulidwa nthawi ina;
Zomera zitha kukhala zazing'ono kwambiri kuti zitheke. Yembekezerani kuti chiweto chizikhala ndi masamba 6 kapena kupitilira.
- Zomera sizingakhale pachimake pakapanda kuwala. Zikatero, muyenera kuziyika pazenera lakum'mwera kapena kuwunikira kowonjezera;
- Chomera chimafuna kuvala pamwamba. Komanso, maluwa amafunikira chinyezi chachikulu.
- Zomera nthawi zina palibe kusiyanasiyana kwa kutentha kwa usiku (usiku ndikofunikira kuti mupange kukakamira kwa chomera m'njira yotsitsa kutentha mpaka madigiri 15);
Orchid Wanda, yemwe amangokulira mumthunzi, ndiye kuti sangathe kutulutsaMomwe mungakulire mizu
Pomanga mizu ya mlengalenga ndikofunikira ikani chomera pamalo otentha kokwanira (yokhala ndi chinyezi pafupifupi 100%), kapena kumawaza nthawi zonse ndi madzi ndi mavalidwe apamwamba. Omwe alimi ena amakula muzu popachika chomera, ena amabzala mugalasi lopanda kanthu kapena losungunuka ndikuupopera (galasi pamenepa limasunga chinyontho).
Komabe chinthu chachikulu pakukula kwa muzu ndi kutentha, chinyezi 95-100% ndi kuvala kwapamwamba.
Chifukwa chake, vanda ndi mtundu wa mbewu kuchokera ku banja la Orchid, lomwe limaphatikiza mitundu yambiri ya mitundu ndi ma interspecific hybrids. Zomera zamtunduwu zimasiyanitsidwa ndi kukongola kwake, kukula kwake kwakukulu ndi kukula msanga, ali ndi mizu ya mlengalenga chabe ndipo amafuna kutentha, chinyezi ndi kuwala.
Wanda amakhala ndi mizu yolimba yomwe imavuta kuwonongeka ngakhale itaikidwaMwachilengedwe, iwo amakula m'nkhalango ya Asia pa kutentha pafupifupi madigiri 25, chinyezi 80-100% ndi masana pafupifupi maola 12 (mbewuzo zimabisidwa pang'ono ndi mitengo yayitali).
