Chimodzi mwazinthu zodziwika bwino feteleza ndi ndowe. Ndiwothandiza kwambiri pakumera mbewu zam'munda zosiyanasiyana, ndipo nthawi yomweyo ndimakhala wotsika mtengo. Komabe, ngakhale izi ndizofunikira kudyetsa mbewu, kugwiritsa ntchito manyowa popanda, kuwononga mbewu.
Phindu la ndowe ngati ng'ombe
Kugwiritsa ntchito manyowa a ng ombe ngati feteleza kumathandizira pakupanga dothi labwino. Feteleza zachilengedwe, mosiyana ndi michere, amalola dothi kuti liziunjikira zinthu zofunikira kwa nthawi yayitali.
Kukhwima kwa dothi ndi mullein kumakomera bwino chonde cha mbewu zam'munda. Kuphatikizidwa kwa nthaka ndi manyowa a ng'ombe kumakulitsa kuchulukitsa kwa nthaka, komwe kumakhudza bwino kukonkha kwa mizu.
Wopaka feteleza akupitilizabe kuchulukitsa nthaka kwa zaka zinayi.
Zakudya za kapangidwe ka manyowa
Kilogalamu imodzi ya zinyalala za ng'ombe imakhala ndi izi:
- calcium oxide - 2,9 g;
- nayitrogeni - 3,5 g;
- phosphorous oxide - 3 g;
- potaziyamuideide - 1.4 g.
Kutengera zaka zazinyama ndi nyama zomwe zimadya, kuchuluka kwa mankhwala othandiza pazinthu zina kumatha kuchepa pang'ono.
Zipatso zambiri zakumunda zimalumikizana bwino ndi manyowa a ng'ombe, zimawonjezeka. Ndipo, mbewu zonse zimakhala ndi zakezo podyetsa manyowa.
Amagwiritsidwa ntchito munjira zosiyanasiyana:
- zatsopano
- gawo louma;
- mu mawonekedwe a yankho;
- granular.
Momwe mungagwiritsire ndowe za ng'ombe ngati feteleza
Malamulo ogwiritsira ntchito ndowe za ng'ombe amadalira kukula kwake.
Zinyalala zatsopano
Kugwiritsa ntchito manyowa atsopano ngati ng'ombe pofuna kudyetsa mbewu ndi kosafunika. Izi ndichifukwa choti ndowe zatsopano zimakhala ndi ammonia kwambiri, zomwe zimakhala zovulaza kumizu. Komabe, chatsopanocho chimagwiritsidwa ntchito bwino pophatikiza feteleza nthaka isanayambe.
Zinthu zatsopano zitha kugwiritsidwanso ntchito pomanga mabedi ofunda. Bedi lokhazikitsidwa kwa theka la mita limatha kutenthetsa mkati mpaka 50zaC. Chifukwa cha izi, mbewu yobzalidwa kumayambiriro kwa kasupe imatetezedwa ku chisanu, ndipo mizu yake imayamba kukula mwachangu.
Nthawi zina manyowa atsopano amagwiritsidwabe ntchito feteleza mbande zomwe zidabzalidwe kale, koma nkoyenera kuyang'ana kuopsa kuti mbewuyo ikhoza kufa. Njira yowonongeka ya ndowe imakhudza mitundu yonse yamachitidwe omwe amawonongeka kumizu.
Gawo louma
Dry humus imapezeka pambuyo paosungirako zaka ziwiri. Manyowa a ng'ombe ngati feteleza nthawi zambiri amakhala osavuta kugwiritsa ntchito. Ilibe fungo komanso chinyezi. 
Zinthu zowola zimadziwika ndi mawonekedwe otayirira, ndipo ngati chinyontho chikuwoneka mukamagwiritsa ntchito, izi zikuwonetsa kuti gawo lapansi silinakhwime mokwanira kuti mugwiritse ntchito.
Chosavuta chogwiritsira ntchito humus ndikuti kubzala kumatha kuyamba mutangopala feteleza m'nthaka. Ndipo chifukwa cha mapangidwe ake amtunduwu, ake amachepetsa.
Mullein solution, ndi chiyani
Nthawi zambiri, ng'ombe ng'ombe manyowa amadzimadzi amakonzedwa kuchokera kuzinthu zatsopano ndi madzi ofanana magawo. Chifukwa chake, mulingo wa ammonia ndi mazira a majeremusi osiyanasiyana amachepetsa kwambiri.
Muyenera kudyetsa mbewuzo ndi kuthirira koyambira kwa sitimayo. Ponena za momwe mungaberekedwire mullein pakudyetsa, zimatengera mbewu yomwe imafunikira kuti ikwaniritse feteleza. Koma, monga lamulo, cholimbacho chimadzipaka molingana ndi gawo la 1: 10, ndipo chomera chilichonse chimathiriridwa ndi voliyumu yopanga theka la lita.
Ndi yofooka yankho la mullein, zimayambira za mbewu zopanda mphamvu zimathanso kupopera.
Manyowa achimbudzi
Kugwiritsa ntchito manyowa amchere pang'onopang'ono nthawi zambiri kumapezeka mukakhala kotheka kupeza zinthu mwanjira yake. Komabe, kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa granules kuli ndi maubwino angapo. Choyamba, ndichotheka. Komanso, phindu la ma granules ndikuti amathanso kuwonjezedwa m'nthaka nthawi yakubzala yophukira popanda kusungunuka.
Ma granules amatenga chinyezi bwino kenako ndikumachisiya. Katunduyu ndiwothandiza kwambiri nthawi yachilimwe. Nthawi zambiri, chovunda cha granular chimawonjezedwa m'nthaka nthawi yophukira kukumba dothi chisanachitike nthawi yozizira.
Tekinoloje yopanga ma granules imathandizira kuchotsa mitundu yonse ya majeremusi mu manyowa, komanso kukonza kwachilengedwe kwa zinthuzo ndikulimbikira.
Ndi munthawi ziti feteleza wosavomerezeka
Chifukwa chake, zikuwonekeratu kuti kugwiritsa ntchito manyowa atsopano ndikosayenera. Izi zimatha kupweteka mmera, ndipo mazira omwe ali ndi vutoli ndi owopsa ku thanzi la munthu.
Kuphatikiza apo, ngati kuyanika kwoyera kukuwonekera pa zinyalala, izi zikuwonetsa kukula kwa bowa. Kutembenuza zatsopano kukhala humus kumathetsa vutoli. Komabe, sizotheka kugwiritsira ntchito manyowa kuti apange "bedi lofunda".
M'pofunikanso kuganizira kuti si mbewu zonse za m'munda zomwe zimakonda kudya ndi manyowa. Zomera zina sizingathe kulumikizana ndi zabwino ndowe, monga:
- radish;
- karoti;
- kachilombo;
- udzu winawake;
- parsley.
Kubzala mbewu izi m'nthaka yovomerezeka kumaloledwa chaka chimodzi kapena ziwiri feteleza.
Kudziphika
Kuti mupeze feteleza wabwino wa manyowa a ng'ombe, muyenera kugawa malo osungira ndi kusasitsa kompositi yamtsogolo.
Humus
Kodi feteleza mullein amadziwa, mwina, aliyense wosamalira mundawo. Kuti mukhale ndi humus yabwino, ndikofunikira kudziwa momwe mungasungire manyowa. Yankho labwino kwambiri ndi kuya kwakuya kwa dzenje kapena kukula kwa bokosi. Chofunikira pakukonzekera kwa gawo lapansi ndikusowa chinyezi komanso kupatula dzuwa.
Manyowa amaphimbidwa ndi zinthu zamagetsi zomwe zimakhala zopanda madzi ndipo zimasungidwa mwanjira imeneyi kwa zaka ziwiri. Kuti muchepetse njirayi, ndikofunika kusintha zomwe zimachitika miyezi ingapo yotsatira ndikamafinya.
Malangizo pokonzekera zamadzimadzi mullein
Njira yodziwika kwambiri komanso yosavuta yopezera manyowa amadzimadzi ndi kukonza gawo la madzi mu ndulu ya 1: 1. Madzi amenewa amasungidwa mu chotengera chotsekedwa mwamphamvu komanso m'malo amdima.
Kukhazikika kwa yankho kumatenga pafupifupi sabata. Munthawi imeneyi, ammonia alibe gawo mu kapangidwe, fungus spores ndi majeremusi mazira adzafa. Mutha kufulumizitsa njirayo mwakuwunikira kapangidwe kake.
Musanagwiritse ntchito, kugwirizanitsa kumawonjezeranso kuchepetsedwa ndi madzi osiyanasiyana.
Kutchuka kwa ndowe
Chifukwa chakuti ogula amakono akuyesa kugula zakudya zomwe zakulitsidwa popanda kugwiritsa ntchito feteleza, onse mabizinesi azamalimi akuyesera kusintha okha feteleza achilengedwe. Chimodzi mwazosankha zambiri ndikugwiritsa ntchito manyowa a ng'ombe chifukwa mulingo woyenera wa zinthu zofunikira pakapangidwe kake.
