Kulima ndi kusamalira mamba panja

Crocus kapena safironi ndiwodziwika kwambiri pakati pa wamaluwa ambiri. Duwa ili limasangalatsa ndi mitundu yambiri ya mithunzi yake., amatha kupaka utoto, utoto, wachikasu kapena wofiirira.

Kufotokozera kwamasamba

Kumayambiriro koyambirira, Crocuses ndiyo yoyamba kuulula maluwa awo osalimba.

Crocus ndi chomera chamuyaya chamtundu wa iris. Mwachilengedwe, duwa limamera patadutsa, mapiri ndi nkhalango zachilendo za kum'mwera ndi kumwera kwa Europe.. Saffron ikhozanso kupezeka pagombe la Black Sea, ku Asia ndi Middle East.

Mitundu ina ya nkhanu imawoneka kuti ili pachiwopsezo ndipo yalembedwa mu Red Book.

Pafupifupi, kutalika kwa chomera ndi masentimita 10-15. Masamba omwe amakula mwachindunji pansi amakhala ndi mzere, mawonekedwe owonda, ndipo m'mphepete mwa mbale amapotozedwa. Amapakidwa utoto wobiriwira wokhala ndi timiyero toyera pakati. Masamba amawonekera kumapeto kwa maluwa ndikupitilira kukula masamba atafota.

Crocus imadziwikanso ndi kukhalapo kwa masamba otsika, ndikupanga mwachindunji pansi ndikuyimba mphukira yachinyamata.

The corm mu chomera amapangidwa m'munsi mkati mwa maluwa mphukira ndipo amakhala chaka chimodzi chokha. Ndiye kuti, nthawi yakukula ndi maluwa, michere imagwiritsidwa ntchito mwachangu ndipo mu nthawi yophukira, chiphuphu chakalecho chimasinthidwa ndi chatsopano.

Mababu a crocus

Mumitundu yosiyanasiyana ya crump, ma corm amasiyana wina ndi mzake. Nthawi zambiri, ndizovundikira kapena zopindika pang'ono ndipo zimakutidwa ndi mamba a brownish kapena burgundy. Dawo lam'mimba mwake ndi masentimita 2-3, m'munsi mwake mumakhala mizu yozungulira ya uroliform.

Tsinde la safroni kulibe konse; mmalo mwake, mtunda wautali, wofanana ndi chubu chachitali, umakokedwa pansi. Duwa lokha limakhala ndi timiyala 6, tomwe, titatsegulidwa kwathunthu, timapanga mphukira wooneka ngati bolosi wokhala ndi mainchesi 7-8. Kuchokera kutali, duwa la safironi limafanana ndi belu.

Mu mitundu yamtchire yamtundu, pamakhala losavuta, yodziwika bwino, nthawi zambiri utoto wachikasu, lalanje, buluu, lofiirira kapena loyera.. Mitundu ya haibridi imakhala ndi mtundu wa toni ziwiri kapena kupezeka kwa mawanga ndi mitundu ina yodabwitsa.

Matendawa amatulutsa maluwa pokhapokha ngati kuli dzuwa.

Monga chipatso, bokosi lopanga magawo atatu limapangidwa mu chomera chotere. Poyamba, imamera mobisa, ndipo imabwera pamwamba mothandizidwa ndi chubu cha perianth pokhapokha pakukhwima kwathunthu.

Mitundu yotchuka kwambiri ya Crocus

Ogulitsa maluwa ali ndi mitundu yambiri yamitundu ndi mitundu ya crocus, kotero aliyense angathe kusankha yekha njira yabwino. Nthawi zambiri, chomera ichi chimagawika m'magulu awiri, awa ndi maluwa aphukira kapena masika. Poyamba, masamba amatseguka koyambilira kwa nthawi yophukira, ndipo wachiwiri mu Epulo-Meyi.

Mwa alimi a maluwa, mitundu ya masika ndiyotchuka kwambiri, chifukwa si yokongola komanso yokongoletsa.:

Ketlen Pirlow (Kathleen Parlow)

Crocus Kathleen Parlow

Zomera zoterezi zimamasulira nthawi komanso imakondwera ndi mawonekedwe ake okongola kwa masabata awiri. Ziphuphu zojambulidwa ndi utoto-woyera, pafupifupi, mulifupi wa maluwa ndi masentimita 6;

Jeanne Mdima

Crocus Jeanne Mdima

Izi zimasiyanitsidwa ndi kukana kwake nyengo zoyipa ndi matenda osiyanasiyana. Maluwa oyera okongoletsedwa ndi mikwaso yofiirira yamkati mkati mwa ngale kuwoneka molawirira. Masamba otseguka bwino amafikira mainchesi 6;

Suzian (Chikola susianus)

Crocus susianus

Maluwa ang'onoang'ono, omwe ali masentimita atatu mpaka anayi okha, amawonekera kwambiri ndipo amadzitamandira pakulimbana kwanyengo zosiyanasiyana nyengo. Mbale zamtambo zopaka utoto wagolide., pamene mbali yakunja kuli yakumaso yakuda;

King of Stripe (Mfumu wa a Zosemedwa)

Crocus King of Stripe (Mfumu ya Milozo)

Maluwa okhala ndi masentimita ofika mpaka 5 sentimita amapaka utoto woyera ndi kuwonjezera kwa mawanga a utoto wofiirira. Mikwingwirima yamdima yakuda ilipo mbali zonse ziwiri za miyala;

Little Dorrit (Pang'ono Dorrit)

Crocus Little Dorrit

Mitambo ya Crocus yamtunduwu imapakidwa utoto wonyezimira wamtambo, pomwe pali mawonekedwe akuda autoto. Pafupifupi, maluwa amatenga masiku 12-14.Dawo lamtundu wa bud ndi 5-6 masentimita;

Remembrans (Chikumbutso)

Chikumbutso cha Crocus

Duwa lalikulu, ndi mainchesi 6-7 masentimita nthawi zambiri amawomba utoto. Tiyenera kudziwa kuti m'munsi mwa perianth pamakhala malo amdima, ndipo ma petals akunja ali ndi mthunzi wambiri kuposa wamkati;

Yellow Mammutch (Wachikasu Mammouth)

Crocus Yellow Mammouth

Chizindikiro pa mitunduyo ndi nthawi yamaluwa, omwe ndi masiku 18-20. Mitundu ya mbewuyi imakhala yachikasu, m'mimba mwake wa duwa ndi masentimita 5-6.

Madeti obzala maluwa poyera

Nthawi yodzala mitengo yotseguka panthaka zimatengera mtundu wa mbewu yomwe yasankhidwa:

1. Zosiyanasiyana kutulutsa masika, wobzalidwa kumapeto kwa Ogasiti-koyambirira kwa Seputembala;
2. Zomera zomwe zimaphukira m'dzinja, idasandutsidwa malo oyambira kumayambiriro kwa chilimwe.

Kugwirizana ndi masiku obzala ndi gawo lofunikira kwambiri pakulima kwa ng'ona. Izi ndichifukwa choti maluwawo ayenera kukhala ndi nthawi kuti mizu ikhale yolimba komanso isanayambike maluwa, zomwe zimakonda kupezeka nthawi yomweyo chipale chofewa chikasungunuka.

Kubzala Malamulo

Mukabzala crocus panthaka, ndikofunikira kuganizira kuti chomerachi chimakonda malo a dzuwa, komanso chomera chomwe chimamera.

Mukabzala Crocuses, ndikofunikira kusankha malo oyenera

Musanadzalemo mbewu, ndikofunikira kukonza dothi, liyenera kukhala lopepuka, lotayirira komanso lopatsa thanzi:

1. Crocuses simalola chinyezi chambiri, chifukwa chake, m'malo momwe adzakulirakulira, ndikofunikira kuti pakhale ngalande yoyala bwino kapena mchenga wowuma;
2. Kusintha dothi labwino amakumba ndi kuwonjezera manyowa kapena manyowa;
3. Kuchepetsa acidity nthaka ikakumba peat ndi laimu kapena phulusa amawonjezera feteleza wachilengedwe.

Musanabzale, ndikofunikira kuyang'ana zomwe zabzala, pasapezeke zizindikiro zowonongera.

Mukabzala ma Crocuses, muyenera kukumbukira kuti pafupifupi 15 cm² yaulere imafunika pa tuber iliyonse

Mukabzala mu dothi lotayirira, babuwo amaikidwa ndi masentimita 6-8, ndipo ngati dothi ndi lolemera, ndiye kuti libzalidwe kotero kuti mbali yakumwambayo ilinso yomweyo ndi nthaka. Pafupifupi, mtunda pakati pa maluwa awiri uyenera kukhala masentimita 7-10. Mukangobzala, madzi amathiridwa madzi ambiri.

Pambuyo pakufika kosamalira

Chisamaliro cha Crocus ndichosavuta kumva komanso chomveka ngakhale kwa wokonza munda woyamba.

Kuthirira mbewu ndikofunikira pokhapokha nthawi yozizira inali yopanda chipale chofewa komanso kasupe wopanda mvula. Izi ndichifukwa choti safroni imalekerera chilala bwino komanso samalekerera kuthilira kwamadzi nthaka.

Crocus ndi chomera chololera chilala ndipo, pakuchepa kwa chinyontho, chimabala maluwa ang'onoang'ono

Chisanu chikangosungunuka, nthaka pamalopo imamasulidwa ndikutsuka namsongole ndi zinyalala zina. Ntchito zoterezi zimabwerezedwa miyezi iwiri iliyonse.

Pakulima mwachangu ndi maluwa, agalu amafunika kupeza michere yambiri momwe angathere.:

• kasupe woyamba, pomwe Ma feteleza ovuta a mineral amabalalika pa chisanu chosungunuka ndikuwerengedwa kwa zinthu 35-40 magalamu a zinthu pa 1 mita imodzi ya nthaka;
• chovala chachiwiri chapamwamba chimachitika nthawi ya maluwakugwiritsa ntchito feteleza wa phosphorous-potaziyamu.

Crocuses silivomereza zolengedwa zatsopano, motero sizingagwiritsidwe ntchito kudyetsa mbewu.

Kusamalira pambuyo maluwa

Chosangalatsa cha mamba ndi luso lopanga mababu ambiri a ana, chifukwa maluwawo amakula kwambiri ndipo kubzala kosadukiza kumasanduka carpent yovuta. Komanso anyezi yaying'ono amayamba kusokoneza wina ndi mnzakechifukwa chomwe mbewu zomwe zakulilidwa zimakhudzidwa kwambiri, zimacheperachepera, ndipo utoto wa ma petals umatha.

Mababu a Crocus ndi ana

Kumbani mababu kuchokera pansi zaka zirizonse zitatu ndi zitatu. Pkugwira ntchito yotere mkati mwa chilimwe, panthawi yadzuwa:

1. Mitundu yamasika kuyambira pakati pa Julayi mpaka kumayambiriro kwa Seputembala;
2. Mitundu yophukira kuyambira pakati pa Juni mpaka kumayambiriro kwa Ogasiti.

Mababu atachotsedwa panthaka, amawuma bwino, kutsukidwa ndi mamba owonongeka ndi mizu yodwala. Kenako Zinthu zobzala zimakonzedwa pogwiritsa ntchito malasha kapena phulusa.

Mababu amasungidwa m'chipinda chouma komanso chopumira. Mabokosi aliwonse amatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati zotengera, koma zinthu zodzala ziyenera kuyikidwa mu chimodzi.

Kukonzekera yozizira

Mukangobzala komanso kwa zaka 3-5 zotsatira, mbewuyo imakhala yozizira panja, chifukwa chake iyenera kukhala yokonzekera nyengo yozizira. Chifukwa cha ichi, masamba a khola atasanduka achikasu, malowo ndi maluwa ayenera kuyikika wosanjikiza wa peat kapena masamba owuma.

Kukula Ngala pa tsamba lanu, mutha kuyandikira pang'ono kumayambiriro kwa masika. Kuphatikiza apo, chifukwa cha mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mbewuyi, mothandizidwa, mapangidwe okongola ndi osasangalatsa a dimba amapangidwa.