"Zofunsa" zachikhalidwe cha malo otentha ndizosavuta, koma zimafuna kusinthasintha kuchokera kwa wosamalira dimba. Kubzala ndi kusamalira chitsamba cha jasmine kumakhala ndi zinthu zomwe, zikawonedwa, zimapatsa mbewuyo maluwa ambiri, monga momwe chithunzi, ndi fungo labwino.
Chifukwa chiyani kudulira chitsamba
Jasmine wakula chifukwa cha fungo labwino m'mundamo ndi maluwa okongola. Kuchepetsa jasmine kasupe kumatsata zolinga zingapo nthawi imodzi:
- sinthani mawonekedwe a mbewu;
- kukonza ndikusinthanso chitsamba;
- kukulitsa nyengo ya maluwa;
- onjezani kuchuluka kwa inflorescence ndi kukula kwawo.
Kuchotsa nthambi zazitali za jasmine kumathandizira kuti pakhale kulumikizana kapena kupereka mawonekedwe omwe mukufuna. Tchire lokwera kwambiri kuti tipeze mphukira zamphamvu zachinyamata. Dulani malekezero a nthambi ndi kutalika pafupifupi 40 cm, kapena kuchotsa kwathunthu pansi. Akuwombera zaka zoposa 10 ayenera kudulidwa.
Mukadula jasmine, magawo amayenera kutsekedwa ndi mitundu yaminda kuti asunge thanzi la chitsamba.
Kukula chomera m'mundamo kumaphatikizapo kukonza pafupipafupi, jasmine amasulidwa ku inflorescence yakale ndi mphukira zosafunikira nthawi zonse. Pambuyo nthawi yozizira, nthambi zouma zimadulidwa, mizu padziko lapansi.
Kupanga kudulira kwa jasmine mu kasupe kudzakonzera mbewuyo kukhala nthawi yoyambira ndikukulitsa mphukira zazing'ono zomwe zimapatsa mphamvu kubisa mitengo ikuluikulu. Pomalizira, mbewuyo “isanadzuke,” mitengo yodulira imadula nthambi zakale kuti zitheke ndi pansi kapena kuzifupikitsa ndi gawo limodzi mwa magawo atatuwo.
Kudulira jasmine m'chaka kukupatsani mawonekedwe a mbewuyo, kuchotsa ofooka ndikufupikitsa nthambi zazitali kwambiri, zidzakuthandizani kuti mupeze mphukira zatsopano zomwe zithandizira kukongola kwa chitsamba.
Popita nthawi, mbewu "zachikulire" zitakhala, mphukira "zakuthengo" zowonjezereka zimawoneka kuti sizimakhala ndi katundu aliyense, koma zimadyetsedwa mwachangu kuchokera ku mizu. Izi zimakhudza kwambiri aesthetics ndi thanzi lazomera. Mu nthawi ya masika kapena yophukira, chotsani nthambi zosafunikira, yotsekera kunja kwa chitsamba.
Zomwe zimadulira:
- "Tsitsi" loyambirira la jasmine limachitika patatha zaka zitatu atakhala pamalo okhazikika.
- Ntchito ya masika imayamba pamaso pa masamba.
- Mphukira wazaka ziwiri sizikhudza, ali ndi udindo wopanga mizu, kukhazikitsidwa kwa korona ndikumasulidwa kwa mabedi amaluwa.
- Kuti mupeze korona wokongola komanso wapamwamba, onani chitsamba kutalika pafupifupi mamitala awiri.
- Woyamba kuchotsa wouma, wodwala, wopukutira nthambi ndi nthambi zazikulu kuposa zaka zitatu popanda maluwa atadulira.
- Kukonzekera kukonzanso kumafunikira tchire zaka zisanu ndi zitatu kapena kuposerapo. Siyani mitengo ikuluikulu komanso yolimba (1/3) mpaka theka la mita, ena onse amachotsedwa pansi pazu. Izi zimathandizira kulowa kwa kuwala kwa dzuwa, komanso zimathandizira kukula kwa nthambi zatsopano. Chaka chamawa, gawo limodzi mwa magawo atatu a mitengo yakale yodulidwa, kumapeto kwa chaka chachitatu, kudulira nthambi zakale kumayenera kumalizidwa.
- Mphukira zomwe zimachoka pansi kuthengo zimadulidwa; sizoyenera kupanga chomera.
Tikufika
Kuti azikongoletsa malowa, amasankhidwa osiyanasiyana omwe amakwaniritsa cholinga chake:
- mpanda;
- kulembetsa kwa makhwala;
- chokongoletsera cha arbor.
Kutalika kwa jasmine kumasiyana kuchokera 1 mpaka 3 mita. Ziphuphu zimamera ngati mpesa. Chomera chimadzimva bwino pa trellis kapena tre treis yayikulu.
Nthawi
Kubzala jasmine panthaka ndikulimbikitsidwa kasupe ndi nyengo yokhazikika kapena mu Seputembala, kuti chitsamba, kulandira chisamaliro choyenera, ili ndi nthawi yozika mizu ikubwera nyengo yachisanu ikubwera.
Chomera sichikhala ndi kupsinjika pang'ono ngati kugwera kumachitika usiku, mvula kapena mvula.
Zidadziwika kuti kubzala jasmine kasupe ndikofunikira kwambiri, kuthekera kwa chisanu kumachepetsedwa ndipo pali nthawi yokwanira kuzika mizu. Ndikofunika kusamutsa mbewuzo m'nthaka isanaphuke masamba oyamba, apo ayi imakhala pangozi ndipo imatha kufa.
Kusankha kwampando
Nthaka m'malo obzala zitsamba imafunika kuthiridwa bwino, yonyowa komanso yathanzi. Jasmine amafunika kuwala kwa dzuwa kwa maola osachepera anayi patsiku, ndipo maluwa ataliitali adzakhala ochulukirapo komanso aatali. Zitsamba zobzalidwa pamthunzi zimatulutsa korona zoyipa, maluwa ndi osowa komanso ang'ono.
Chomera chilichonse chimafunikira malo osachepera 3 mita kuti mizu ipangidwe bwino ndi kupangidwa kwa korona kuti ikule bwino. Mukamapanga mpanda wamtchire, tchire zimayikidwa masentimita 50 aliwonse.
Nthawi ya moyo wa jasmine ndiosachepera zaka 10, kotero sankhani malo omwe chitsamba chidzabzalidwe.
Kukonzekera kwa dzenje
Musanadzalemo jasmine kasupe kapena nthawi yophukira, konzekerani dzenje. Kuzama kwa pothole mpaka 70 cm, m'lifupi ndikofika masentimita 60. Mchenga wosanjikiza ndi 20 cm umathiridwa pansi. Ndikofunikira kukhalabe ndi dzenje mdziko muno kwa masiku angapo kuti dzuwula lisenze.
Mukabzala jasmine, mizu imakutidwa ndi dothi, yomwe imaphatikizapo:
- peat;
- phulusa;
- humus;
- dziko lakuda;
- mchenga.
Mukamasankha mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya jasmine, lingalirani nthawi yamaluwa. Ma tchire ena amawaika pachimake kuyambira mwezi wa June mpaka Ogasiti, ena kuyambira Epulo mpaka Juni.
Njira yodzala mmera
Nthawi yofunika kwambiri yomwe tsogolo la jasmine limadalira iyenera kukonzekera mosamala:
- Kusakaniza kwa dothi komwe kumakonzedwa kumathiridwa m dzenje kuti apange mulu.
- Onaninso mizu ya mmera. Njira zowuma, zowonongeka zimachotsedwa ndi ma secateurs.
- Mizu yake adaikhira panthaka ndikuyika m'manda. Khosi la muzu lili pamlingo wambiri; sizovomerezeka kuti zitsike pansi kwambiri kuposa 3 cm.
- Thirani pansi ndikuthira dzenje.
- Madzi amathiridwa pamlingo wa zidebe ziwiri za madzi pachitsamba chilichonse.
- Finyani ndi mulch kuti musunge chinyontho komanso mupewe kukula kwa udzu. Gwiritsani masingano, peat kapena utuchi.
Chisamaliro cha Shrub
Jasmine yemwe akutuluka m'mundamu ndi kunyadira kwa wolima dimba, kwa amene amawasamalira komanso kukulitsa si mawu chabe. Tchire ndi lopanda ulemu, koma izi sizitanthauza kuti safuna chisamaliro.
Ndikofunikira kuthira manyowa musanakonzekere kupita ku kukula (kasupe). Gwiritsani feteleza wa mchere. Kupanga pa 10 malita a madzi:
- superphosphate 30 g;
- urea 15 g;
- potaziyamu sulphide 15 g.
Phukusi lopatsa moyo limakwanira tchire ziwiri. Osanyalanyaza kugona, komwe kuli kufufuza zinthu ndi zinthu zina zofunika. M'mbuyomu, osakaniza mu gawo la 1:10 (manyowa / madzi) ayenera kusungidwa kwa masiku angapo ndikuthirira chitsamba.
Amadyetsa jasmine ndi phulusa, lomwe limapezeka kuchokera kumoto wofota ndi nthambi za mitengo yazipatso. Chitsamba chimafunikira kuthirira nthawi zonse nthawi yamaluwa.
Kuswana
Mutha kukula jasmine kuchokera ku mbewu, masanjidwe ndi kudula.
Ngati mukufuna kupeza chitsamba chokongola cha jasmine chokhala ndi maluwa oyera momwe mungathere, sankhani njira zosavuta: kudula ndi kudula.
Sikoyenera kubzala nthangala za jasmine pansi ngati mukufuna kupeza maluwa onunkhira pachitsamba. Maluwa amatha kutha patatha zaka 7. Ndikosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito njira yodzikonzera, momwe kope lathunthu limapezedwa mozama kwambiri.
Kufalikira kwa jasmine ndikudula kumapeto kwa mvula ndi njira yotchuka kwambiri yophunzirira chomera chatsopano chomwe sichimafunikira mphamvu zamunthu. Dulani mbali zokhala ndi inflorescence, kufupikitsa mpaka 5 cm, koma onetsetsani kuti pali masamba awiri osachepera awiri ndi masamba awiri a nthambi.
Pobzala ndi chisamaliro chotsatira, mutha kumeza mizu pamiyeso ya munda jasmine, ndikuwukhira m'madzi pafupifupi milungu iwiri, kapena kusakaniza kwa mchenga. Zodulidwa zimayikidwa munthaka pakona, kenako zimakutidwa ndi pulasitiki kapena polyethylene kuti ikhale chinyezi nthawi zonse komanso kutentha.
Pakukula kwamizu, madzi amathiridwa madzi ndi kumasulidwa nthawi zonse. Pakutha kwa chilimwe, gawo latsopano la jasmine likhale lokonzeka, lomwe libzalidwe nthawi yomweyo.
Musanayambe kufalitsa chitsamba cha jasmine, yang'anani zithunzi za mitundu yosiyanasiyana. Mwina ndizomveka kubzala ndi kusamalira pamtundu wamitundu ina, zomwe zidzasiyana kukula kwa maluwa, utoto ndi kutalika kwa chitsamba.
