Maluwa pa chiwembucho amapanga chisangalalo chachikulu. Mabedi azaka zamaluwa azaka zamitundu yambiri amakhala osangalatsa nyengo yonse. Olima maluwa ambiri akumana ndi mobwerezabwereza vuto lopanga minda yamaluwa yokongola. Ganizirani magawo ofunikira kuti mukwaniritse kukongola kwamaluwa.
Kusankhidwa kwa maluwa apachaka kwa maluwa
Malo ogulitsira amapereka mitundu yambiri. Mabedi a maluwa pachaka (chithunzi) ndi osiyanasiyana.
Pachigawo choyamba, ndikofunikira kuthana ndi mitundu yodziwika bwino yazomera zapachaka zoyenera kupanga mabedi a maluwa. Kutalika kwa mbewu ndi maluwa zimasonyezedwa muubongo. Chifukwa chake:
- Ageratum (15 cm - 70 cm, chiyambi cha Juni - woyamba frosts);
- Marigolds (15 cm - 100 cm, Juni - Seputembala);
- Gatsaniya (25 cm - 35 cm, m'ma June - Seputembala);
- Iberis (mpaka 40 cm, kuyambira koyambirira kwa Juni mpaka chisanu);
- Clarkia (25 cm - 45 cm, koyambirira kwa Julayi - Seputembala);
- Lobelia (pali mitundu iwiri: yayikulu ndi chitsamba. Mitundu yonseyi imaphuka kumayambiriro kwa June ndikuyimirira mpaka Okutobala. Kutalika kwa zitsamba ndi 15 cm.);
- Nasturtium (zokwawa zimafikira masikono mpaka 4 m., Ndipo chitsamba chimakula mpaka 50 cm. Maluwa amapitilira kuyambira pachiyambiriro cha kutentha mpaka matalala ozizira);
- Petunia (chitsamba 15 cm - 80 cm. Ampelic petunia amakula kupitirira mita 1. Mitundu yonseyi imaphuka kuyambira pachiyambi cha nthawi yotentha mpaka pakati pa Okutobala);
- Fodya (80 cm, wachimwemwe ndi maluwa kuyambira June mpaka kumayambiriro kwa Okutobala);
- Tsiniya (kutengera masentimita 20 - 70 cm, kuyambira koyambirira kwa Juni mpaka chisanu choyamba);
- Eschscholzia (dzina lina la mtengowo ndi California poppy. Msinkhu umasiyana kuchokera 20 cm mpaka 60 cm. Maluwa kuchokera mu June kupita ku zipatso zoyambirira).
Zomera zonse zapachaka zitha kugawidwa kukhala zazitali komanso zopindika, kutalika kwake kosaposa masentimita 25. Maluwa okhazikika pachaka amabedi maluwa amaphatikizapo, mwachitsanzo:
- Mitundu ina ya Ageratum;
- Kalulu begonia;
- Pakhonde aster;
- Viola;
- Bush lobelia;
- Lobularia ndi ena.
Mfundo zopangira maluwa mabedi kuchokera pachaka
Musanayambe kukonza dimba la maluwa, muyenera kusankha malo oyenera (mbewu zambiri pachaka zimakonda kuwala kwa dzuwa kwambiri), taganizirani mawonekedwe a bedi la maluwa (mabedi ambiri a maluwa ali mu mawonekedwe a mawonekedwe a geometric), sankhani mabedi azaka za maluwa pachaka oyenerera chiwembu cha mitundu, konzekerani kuyika kwa mbewu.
Musaiwale za malamulo osavuta opangira maluwa osiyanasiyana:
- Zomera zazitali ziyenera kuyikidwa kumbuyo kapena pakati pa bedi la maluwa.
- Mukamayandikira m'mphepete mwa dimba la maluwa, kutalika kwa mbewu kuyenera kuchepera. Sitikulimbikitsidwa kuti musalole kusiyana kwamtundu wamphamvu.
- Patsogoloku, malire ang'onoang'ono a maluwa osakhwima amawoneka bwino komanso olondola.
- Kuchulukana kwa mbewu pogona pa maluwa kumachuluka ndi kuchepa kwa mbewu zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito.
Onani ena mwa miyambo yachikhalidwe yamaluwa pachaka
Ndime 1
Kuti mupeze duwa lofiirira la buluu wofiyira, mbewu za mitundu yolingana ndizofunikira:
- Lobelia
- Alissum
- Petunia
- Ageratum
Kukula kwa mbewu kuchokera pakatikati pa bedi la maluwa - 25 cm amachepera m'mphepete - masentimita 10. Kuphatikizika koteroko kudzaphuka ndi kudabwa ndi kukongola kwake kuyambira masiku ofunda kwambiri mpaka pakati pa Seputembala.
Ndime 2
Mtundu wamaluwa komanso maluwa owala bwino amatha kukopa chidwi cha mitundu yambiri ya agulugufe. M'munda wamaluwa ntchito:
- Delphinium
- Cosmea
- Marigolds
- Ageratum
- Begonia
- Verbena
- Petunia
- Fodya
- Dahlias
Ndime 3
Makatani azaka zamaluwa pachaka ndi oyenera mabedi az maluwa ozungulira. Zomwe zimapangidwira zimakhala:
- Alissum
- Ageratum
- Petunia
- Marigolds
Mitundu ya makulidwe a mbewu iyenera kufanana kwathunthu ndi utoto. Kutalika kwa bedi la maluwa pakati ndi 55-60 cm, ndipo m'mphepete - 15cm.
Kusamalira mabedi amaluwa pachaka
Kuti mupange bwino bedi la maluwa pamafunika nthawi yambiri, koma kusamalira maluwa ndi kosavuta. Mwachilengedwe, maluwa onse amakonda chinyezi. Kwa mbewu zapachaka, kuthirira muyezo wokwanira kumafunikira, popeza ambiri aiwo samalekerera kusayenda kwamadzi. Ngati chilimwe chinali mvula, ndiye kuti sikulimbikitsidwa kuthirira maluwa mabedi kuchokera pachaka, ndipo ngati nyengo ili youma, kuthirira kuyenera kukhala kokhazikika (pafupifupi 1 kuthirira m'masiku 3-4). Ndikwabwino kuchita izi dzuwa litalowa kuti madontho achinyontho asawononge malo obzala.
Pokhala maluwa kwa nthawi yayitali, mbewu zimayenera kulandila pafupipafupi (masabata onse a 2,5 - 3.5). Mtundu wa feteleza umasankhidwa kutengera dothi lomwe lili pansi pamaluwa.
Mutha kugwiritsa ntchito feteleza komanso michere yonse. Ngati kapangidwe ka dothi sikudziwika, ndiye kuti ndikofunika kugwiritsa ntchito feteleza wovuta, waponseponse, zitsanzo zomwe zimafotokozedwazo.
Mitundu ina ya mbewu zapachaka (mwachitsanzo, lobelia, phlox) imafuna kuti dothi lizungulidwe mozungulira mizu yake. Izi ndizofunikira kuti akule ndikukula. Maluwa onse ayenera udzu munthawi yake, apo ayi maudzu amatha kufafaniza nthangala za mitengo yokongola.
Ngati maluwa osankhidwa pachaka ali ndi maluwa amatha kutulutsa kangapo munyengo, ndiye kuti ndizofunikira kuchotsa nthawi zonse malo owuma ndi mbewu zina zowonongeka m'munda wamaluwa. Njirayi imapewa kuwonongeka kwa maluwa ndi matenda osiyanasiyana omwe angawononge mbewu.
Ndi kuchuluka kwamakono azosankha, munthu aliyense, pogwiritsa ntchito malangizowo, apanga makama az maluwa pamalo ake popanda zovuta zambiri. Itha kukhala, ngati mabedi a maluwa ochokera kumtundu umodzi wamera (mabedi amaluwa amtundu wa maluwa), ndi mapiri osiyanasiyana a mapiri, makoma oyang'ana maluwa, osakanikirana, ma arabesto (mabedi amaluwa amtundu wa zithunzi za nyama). Ndipo ngati muwasamalira bwino mabedi a maluwa munthawi yake, ndiye kuti kwa nthawi yayitali adzakondweretsa eni ake ndi maluwa ambiri okongola komanso odabwitsa.
