Evergreen boxwood: chithunzi, kubzala, kubereka ndi kusamalira

Pafupifupi mayiko onse a North America, Asia ndi Europe, mtengo wamtundu wobiriwira nthawi zonse ndi wotchuka komanso wotchuka kwambiri. Chitsamba chokhazikika ichi chimakhala chamtengo chifukwa cha korona wawo wokongola, yemwe ndi wosavuta kuwumba. Mothandizidwa ndi boxwood (buxus) kapangidwe kake kamapangidwa, kumbuyo, malire, malire amapangidwa.

Eni minda yaumwini amagwiritsa ntchito kwambiri ngati zokongoletsera m'munda, m'munda wakutsogolo kapena nyumba yachilimwe. Izi ndichifukwa choti chitsamba sichithana ndi chisanu, chimaleketsa kumeta tsitsi ndipo sichichedwa kulimidwa ndi chisamaliro.

Kufotokozera, mitundu ndi zithunzi za boxwood

Boxwood ndi shrub yobiriwira, kutalika kwake kungakhale kuchokera 2 mpaka 10 mita. Chakhala chinthu chofunikira kwambiri pakapangidwe kamkati chifukwa cha korona wake wokongoletsa komanso kukula pang'onopang'ono. Kwa chaka chimodzi, chitsamba chimatha kukula masentimita 5-6 okha.

Boxwood imadziwika ndi masamba obiriwira amdima. Kuzikanda m'manja mwanu, mutha kununkhiza fungo lamphamvu. Maluwa osagwirizana ndi mbewuyi ndi ochepa kwambiri komanso amakula mosiyanasiyana. Kuchokera kwa iwo mu Okutobala, zipatso zimapangidwa, zomwe ndi bokosi lozungulira. Ming'alu yaying'ono imawoneka pakhungwa la chikasu cha boxwood wachikulire.

Boxwood m'chilengedwe pali mitundu yopitilira 30, Iliyonse yomwe ili ndi machitidwe apadera ndikupeza momwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito pakupanga mawonekedwe.

1. Maikolofoni ya Buchus Faulkner ili ndi korona wachilengedwe. Amakonzekeretsa nthaka yachonde yodzaza ndi ma michere, kuthirira nthawi zonse. Imakula bwino m'malo otentha komanso owuma.
2. Boxwood Zima Gem microphylia ndichomera chomera mwachangu ndi masamba ang'onoang'ono omwe amadzibisa okha kuti apangidwe. Imakonda mthunzi wosakhalitsa ndi dzuwa, kuthirira nthawi zonse, nthaka yachonde. Zothandiza pakuwongola mabedi a maluwa ndi ntchito za topiary.
3. Mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya Arborescens ili ndi masamba ofiira ngati mazira amtundu wobiriwira wakuda ndi korona wakuda. Amamva bwino pamithunzi pamadothi osasalala.
4. Buchus Blauer Heinz ndi squat, msanga wophuka pang'onopang'ono wokhala ndi masamba obiriwira. Amasiyana mmera pakakulitsa mphukira ndi chisanu. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kupanga zodzikongoletsera zopindika, malire ochepa, "rugs".
5. Boxwood Suffruticosa ali ndi masamba ovoid ndi korona wokulirapo. Kalasiyo siyigonjetsedwa ndi chisanu. Zoyenera kupanga mipanda yolimba yayitali.
6. Gawo la Sempea ndi mtundu wofala kwambiri wamatabwa ku dziko lathu. Zimalekerera nyengo yozizira ndipo ndizosavuta kudula. Maonekedwe osiyanasiyana amatha kupangidwa kuchokera pamenepo.
7. Buchus colchica adalembedwa mu Red Book of the Russian Federation. Mitundu ya Caucasian iyi imadziwika ndi kukula pang'onopang'ono, masamba ang'onoang'ono amtundu komanso kutentha kwambiri kwa chisanu.

M'malo amkati, boxwood evergreen imatha kulimidwa ngati bonsai. Zokwanira pa izi kalasi "Buxus harlandii Hance". Kukula pang'onopang'ono kwa tchire ndi masamba ake ang'ono kumakupatsani mwayi wopanga mwaluso kwambiri.

Boxwood ikamatera

Palibe chidziwitso chapadera ndi maluso ofunikira pakufunikira kubzala buxus. Zomera zazing'ono zimalimbikitsidwa kuti zibzalidwe munyengo yamvula. Mabasi azaka zitatu kapena kupitirira amadutsidwa kuyambira kumayambiriro kwa kasupe mpaka nthawi yophukira.

Mukamagula mbande, ndibwino kuyimitsa chisankho pachitseko. Mphukira ndi masamba azikhala obiriwira, korona wobiriwira. Masamba okongola Iwo ati mbewuyo idwala ndipo imwalira posachedwa.

Kutambalala kumayenera kuchitika patsiku lamitambo m'mayenje okonzedwa kale, omwe akuyenera kuwirikiza kawiri kuchuluka kwa njira yamahatchi. Pansi pa dzenje muyenera yokutidwa ndi dothi lonyowa, tsamba humus ndi mchenga (2: 4: 1). Mutha kuwonjezera feteleza wa potashi.

Kuphika kwa dzenje kumayikidwa mosamala kwambiri. Mizu imawongoka, imagona tulo komanso modontha. Poyambira amapangika mozungulira thunthu ndipo chomeracho chimathiridwa. Ndikulimbikitsidwa kuti mulch dothi lozungulira malo obzala ndi agrofibre kapena khungwa la mbeu zodziyankhira.

Moti tchire limakula ndipo limakhala ndi masamba. Nthaka yawo ikhale:

• madzi okwanira;
• kupuma;
• kumasuka;
• zopatsa thanzi;
• ndi ndale acidity;
• wodala.

Bokosi nthawi zonse limatha kumera panthaka zovuta. Nthawi yomweyo chisoti chachifumucho chidzakhala chofiyira komanso chotsekakoma kukula kwake kudzachedwa. Chifukwa chake, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti tiwonjezere kompositi ndi dongo la laimu pamtunda wotere.

Mbande zomwe zimagulidwa mu Novembala ndizabwino kubisala kwakanthawi, m'malo otetezeka a mundawo, owazidwa ndi dothi labwino. M'nyengo yozizira adzafunika kuphimbidwa ndi chipale chofewa. Mabasi obzalidwa m'malo okhazikika mu Epulo.

Zomera zobzalidwa bwino zimamera m'masabata atatu. Pambuyo pake, mutha kuyamba kudula zitsamba. Izi sizofunikira kuti mungopeza mawonekedwe okongola, komanso kuti mukulitse mizu, komanso kuwonjezeka kwamtunda wobiriwira.

Zambiri za chisamaliro cha boxwood evergreen

Chisamaliro cha Shrub ndi chowongoka, komabe ili ndi mawonekedwe ake ndi ma nuances.

1. Kutentha Chomera chimalekerera chisanu bwino, koma kutentha kwambiri pofika -20 ° C chimatha kufa. Chifukwa chake, kumapeto kwa nthawi yophukira, ndikulimbikitsidwa kukulunga tchire ndi zinthu zomwe zingawateteze ku kuwala kwa dzuwa ndi mphepo kulowa masiku achisanu. Kwa zigawo zomwe zimakhala ndi nyengo yozizira, ndibwino kusankha mitundu yosagwira chisanu ndikuwadzala m'malo osyanasiyana.
2. Kuwala Boxwood iyenera kutetezedwa ku dzuwa. Kwa mitengo yobzalidwa m'malo otentha dzuwa, mthunzi wopanga umapangidwa womwe umateteza masamba kuti asayake. Mitengo ya buxus imalekerera mthunzi bwino, ndipo imakula bwino pafupi ndi mitengo ina.
3. Kuthirira. Mitengo yobzalidwa pamalowo imafunika kuthirira nthawi yotentha yokha. Nyengo yadzuwa, ayenera kuthiriridwa madzi mwezi uliwonse. Nthawi yomweyo kuzungulira chomera muyenera kumasula nthaka pafupipafupi. Nthawi iliyonse mukathirira, ndikulimbikitsidwa kuti tchire limasamba kuti lichotse fumbi pamasamba awo. Kusamba kwapfupi kumakhudza bwino kuzika kwa mbande.
4. Feteleza. Kuti mukule bwino komanso kupangira boxwood, tikulimbikitsidwa kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala apadera a evergreens. Chapakatikati, mbewu zimapatsidwa feteleza wovuta wokhala ndi phosphorous, potaziyamu ndi nayitrogeni, ndipo nthawi yophukira ndi superphosphate ndi mchere wa potaziyamu. Zothetsera zochokera mu feteleza wozama zimatha kuwononga mizu, kotero zimagwiritsidwa ntchito bwino mu mawonekedwe owuma, wogawidwa mozungulira thunthu.
5. Kumeta tsitsi. Kupatsa tchire mawonekedwe ofunikira, kumeta tsitsi kumachitika kawiri kapena katatu pachaka. Izi zichitike pogwiritsa ntchito secateurs kapena clipper. Mitengo yambiri ikaidulidwa, imafunika kuthiriridwa ndi kuthiridwa manyowa kuti michere itayike.

Kusamalira Boxwood Kunyumba

Buchus monga chikhalidwe chachipinda ndizopindulitsa. Chifukwa chake, kunyumba, chisamaliro chimayenera kutengedwa potsatira malamulo ena.

1. Malo omwe chomera chimayenera kusankhidwa chowala, koma popanda dzuwa mwachindunji. Boxwood imakula bwino pafupi ndi mawindo akumadzulo ndi kummawa.
2. Kutsirira kumayenera kukhala kwachizolowezi. Mbewuyi imathiriridwa pamiyeso yaying'ono ndikudulira kuchokera ku aerator. Ziyenera kuthandizidwa kuti madzi asadziunjike poto. Izi zingayambitse kuzola kwa mizu.
3. M'nyengo yozizira, kutentha kwakukulu kwa axel ndi 6-10C. Kuti muchite izi, mphika wa mbewu ukhoza kuyikidwa khomo loyang'ana khonde, kapena kuyikidwa pakati pamafelemu awiri. Kuthirira nthawi yozizira kumachepetsedwa.
4. Boxwood imayilidwa zaka zitatu zilizonse. Izi zikuyenera kuchitika mosamala. Pofuna kuti zisawononge mizu, chomera kuchokera mumphika wakale chimayenda ndi mtanda wa dziko.
5. Mutha kudula zitsamba zamkati chaka chonse.

Kubwezeretsa Boxwood

Boxwood kufalitsidwa ndi odulidwazomwe zimagulidwa kuyambira kumapeto kwa Juni mpaka pakati pa Julayi. Pachifukwa ichi, mphukira zazing'ono zimakhala zokhazikika pamtunda ndi ma inform atatu amasankhidwa.

Zidula zodulidwa ziwiri zophatikizika ndi masamba awiri apamwamba zimamizidwa mu peat ndi dothi losakaniza. Timapepala totsala tokha tiyenera kukhala pamwamba. Kuti apange wowonjezera kutentha, zidutswazo zimakutidwa ndi filimu kapena mtsuko wagalasi. Chotetezachi chimayikidwa pamalo otentha, owala, koma osati dzuwa lowonekera. Kutsirira kuyenera kukhala pafupipafupi, koma osachulukana.

Patatha pafupifupi sabata, odulidwa yambani kuzika mizu ndi kumera. Pakadali pano, adzafunika atakhala m'malo osiyanasiyana. Potseguka, mbewu zazing'ono zimabzala m'masiku oyamba a September. Asanakhale chisanu, ayenera kukhala ndi nthawi kuti azika mizu bwino. Kwa nthawi yozizira, mbande zimakutidwa ndi zofunda, popeza ma boxwood achinyamata amawopa chisanu pansi -15 ° C.

Matenda a Boxwood ndi Tizilombo

Chofunika kwambiri posamalira khungu ndimatetezedwe ake ku tizirombo ndi kupewa matenda. Ndi chisamaliro choyenera, sipayenera kukhala ndi mavuto, koma zowopsa zomwe zimadziwika kwambiri ziyenera kuphunziridwa.

Wa tizirombo boxwood angathe kudwala njenjete, utitiri wa masamba kapena midges.

1. Ognevka ndi gulugufe wa usiku yemwe amatha kugunda madera akuluakulu ndi zitsamba zobiriwira. Zimbudzi zake zimalowa ndipo zimasiyidwa ndi mitsempha, zomwe zimapangitsa kuyanika kwa mbewu kapena chitsamba chonse. Mukamasintha mtundu wa masamba, boxwood iyenera kuyang'aniridwa kuti ilipo chifukwa cha mbozi zamtunduwu. Mitengo yopatsiridwa imathandizidwa ndi kukonzekera kwapadera.
2. Nthambi yopanda masamba imapatsa masamba oyera ndikuwapinda. Masamba omwe akhudzidwa ayenera kuchotsedwa ndipo koronayo amawachiritsa ndi mafuta amchere.
3. Gall midge imawonetsedwa ndikutupa kwa nodular pansi pa pepalalo ndi mawanga achikasu pamwamba. Mapepala adzauma ndikufa. Pankhaniyi, kukonza pafupipafupi ndi kukonza ndi mankhwala kumafunika.

Mwa matenda ofala kwambiri a boxwood, Cylindrocladium buxicola, omwe amachititsa kuti masamba asatayike, ndi Volutella buxi, yomwe imayambitsa mphukira necrosis, amatha kusiyanitsidwa. M'njira zonsezi kudulira kwa nthambi zodwala ndikofunikira ndi mphukira. Kuchiza ndi fungicide sikulimbana ndi matenda. Koma itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati prophylaxis.

Boxwood pamapangidwe

M'mapangidwe, mawonekedwe ake ndi otchuka kwambiri ngati linga, mapiko obiriwira, mawonekedwe a rabatok ndi mabedi amaluwa. Kuchokera ku tchire lake mumatha kupanga zojambula zamtundu ndi mitundu yonse ya mawonekedwe.

Zomera zimatha kupangika kukhala piramidi, mpira, chulu kapena chowunga. Ndi thandizo lawo, mutha kukongoletsa m'minda yakutsogolo, njira ndi mabedi a maluwa.

Mitundu yayikulu ya boxwood, yomwe imaphatikizapo "Rotandipholy" ndi "Latifolia", anali kupanga maunda. "Handorthiensis" zosiyanasiyana ndizodziwika chifukwa cha mphamvu zake zachilendo. Zoyambirira komanso zokongola, zimawoneka ngati backstage, pomwe maluwa amatulutsa.

Betusus ya hedges ibzalidwe bwino kasupe. Chifukwa cha izi, maenje akukonzekera, mtunda pakati womwe ukhale wa 3040 sentimita. Zikumera zimachotsedwa mu chidebe, zimayikidwa mu dzenje lokonzedwa, lodzazidwa ndi dothi ndikuthirira.

Boxwood pabedi la maluwa kuphatikiza ndi hehera amawoneka bwino. Mukakonza chitsamba chokhala ndi masamba ofiira pakatikati, boxwood ikhoza kubzalidwa kumapeto. Potengera kubiriwira kwake, wonyezimira angasiyanitse ndi kuoneka bwino.

Ngati pangani mawonekedwe kuchokera ku boxwood kapena simungathe kudzipanga nokha, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito zantchito nthawi zonse, kapena kugula chomera choyambira, choyambirira.

Kutengera malamulo onse obzala komanso kusamalira boxwood, mbewuyo imakusangalatsani ndi kukongola kwake kwazaka zambiri. Ndipo zokumbira, mawonekedwe ndi ziwonetsero zochokera pamenepo zimakongoletsa chiwembu chanu ndi nsanje ya onse oyandikana nawo.