Mitundu ya Echinacea (Echinacea) imayimiriridwa ndi mitundu pafupifupi 10 ya botanical: Echinacea pale, Echinacea purpurea, Echinacea yopapatiza-leved, Echinacea tennessian, Echinacea paradoxical, Echinacea wamagazi, Echinacea simulating, Echinacea ofiira, ofiira a Echinacea. Mitundu yomwe yaphunziridwa kwambiri ndi mtundu wa Echinacea purpurea.
Echinacea purpurea - Ichi ndi osatha herbaceous mankhwala chomera cha aster banja. Zimayambira ndizophweka, zowongoka. Kutalika kwa zimayambira kumayambira 60 mpaka 100 cm. M'mikhalidwe yabwino, kutalika kwa zimayambira za echinacea kumafika mita imodzi ndi theka. Mizu yake imamera ndi njira zingapo kudutsa dothi ndi 25 cm.
Echinacea. © Christopher CraigMasamba a chomera ndi otambalala, amatengedwa ndi rosette, poyambira petioles lalitali, ndipo masamba oyambira ndi ofupika. Chimamasuka chilimwe chonse, chimakondweretsa maso ndi maluwa ake owala. Zipatso - bulauni la tetrahedral achenes 5-6 mm kutalika.
Ma inflorescences omwe amakhala ngati mabasiketi ndi mainchesi 10 mpaka 12 ndipo ali m'mizere ya masamba apamwamba komanso pamwamba pa tsinde. Mu inflorescence, maluwa ndi akuda kapena ofiirira. Pakati pa maluwa ang'onoang'ono a tubular polojekiti, pamakhala akuda amtundu wakuda komanso owoneka bwino.
Azungu adaphunzira za mbewuyi atapezeka ku America. Ku North America, Echinacea imamera m'mphepete mwa mitsinje yamchenga. Mitundu yachiwiri ya mitundu ya Echinacea ili ku Europe: ku UK, Slovakia, Czech Republic, Bulgaria, Romania, Hungary, Belgium, Germany, Holland, France, Spain, Switzerland, Norway, Italy, Greece, Poland. Komanso ku maiko a kontinenti ya Europe: Lithuania, Estonia, Ukraine, Moldova, Republic of Belarus, m'chigawo chapakati cha Russia, North Caucasus, Urals, Bashkiria ndi Primorsky Territory. Mitundu ya Echinacea imalimanso ku Australia, New Zealand, India, Japan, kumpoto kwa Africa, ndi Egypt.
Echinacea. © nicolas_gentKukula kwa echinacea
Echinacea imamera malo otetezeka m'mabedi amaluwa, m'malire ndi mixb ngati maluwa odulidwa. Zomera zobzalidwa m'nthaka kumapeto kwa kumapeto kwa masentimita 50-60 kuchokera kwa inzake.
Amakonda dothi lolemera ngati michere, osati acidic, osati lonyowa. Kumapeto kwa kasupe - nthawi yotentha, kamodzi pa masiku 30 mpaka 40, feteleza wophatikiza wa mineral mu 20 g pa chidebe chilichonse amawonjezeranso madzi kuthirira. Nthawi yakula, maluwa okhala ndi maluwa opuwala amachotsedwa kuti apange maluwa atsopano ndikupangitsa kuti maluwa atalike.
Malo: Malo abwino dzuwa lotseguka, koma echinacea imaperekanso mthunzi.
Kutentha: Echinacea imalephera kutentha kwamphamvu komanso kochepa.
Kuthirira: M'masiku otentha ndi mphepo komanso nthawi yachilala, madzi nthawi zonse, makamaka m'mawa kapena masanawa.
Kusungabe mawonekedweChotsani mitengo yoyenda yokha ndi mbali zowonongeka zamera.
Kuswana: Zofalitsidwa makamaka mbewu. Zofesedwa masika mu greenh m'nyumba kapena poyera. Mbande nthawi zambiri zimamera pachaka cha 2.
Kugawa chitsamba (m'dzinja kapena masika) samakonda kufalitsa, popeza m'munsi mwa tsinde ndi mphukira zimagwirizana mwachangu, ndipo kuzika mizu kumachedwa komanso kovuta.
Echinacea. © 20 After4Kufalitsa kwa Echinacea ndi Mbewu
Malo otsekedwa
Mbewu za Echinacea zimakolola pang'onopang'ono pomwe zimacha. Zofesedwa mchaka, kumapeto kwa February - Marichi, m'bokosi ndi nthaka mpaka theka la sentimita - sentimita, kuchokera pamwamba mbewu zimaphwanyidwa ndi mchenga wowonda kwambiri ndikunyowetsa pansi.
Samamera msanga - kuyambira milungu iwiri mpaka isanu. Mbande imafunika kufunda ndi chinyezi, choncho ndibwino kukula mbande zofiirira.
Kusamalira njere ndikuti mbande zazing'onoting'ono pawindo sizimawuma ndipo sizinyowa. Kumayambiriro kwa Meyi, mbande za Echinacea zimabzalidwe pamalo otentha. Kuphatikiza apo, zikumera zimafunikira kumasulidwa ndikuthiriridwa madzi pang'ono. Echinacea amakonda kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa ndi madzi otentha a chirimwe.
Malo otseguka
Pofesa mbewu panthaka, mbande zake zimawonekera patatha milungu iwiri. Kubzala mbewu kuyenera kuchitidwa mu Meyi. Zomwe timakumana nazo nyengo zimatikakamiza kubzala nthangala za echinacea mu greenhouse mu February - Marichi, kenako ndikubzala mbande pansi.
Kufalikira kwa Echinacea pogawa chitsamba
Echinacea purpurea amathanso kufalitsa pogawa tchire. Izi zimachitika kumayambiriro kwa kasupe, pomwe masamba akungoyamba kuwoneka m'mera. Ndikofunikira kugawa tchire kumayambiriro kwa kasupe, mpaka masamba atatseguka ndipo maziko a mphukira ya Echinacea sanapatsidwe ulemu. Delenka ndi mizu yodulidwa kuti muzu upite patsogolo umatha kupirira maola angapo mu yankho la madzi immunostimulant, ndipo ikadzalidwa, imafesedwa ndi ufa kuti uzike mizu. Makosi amtundu wa Delenok nthawi yobzala sakhazikika, ayenera kukhala pamtunda wa dothi.
Zomera zambiri zamakono zogulitsa zamakono zimafalitsidwa makamaka ndi njira ya meristemic. Njira iyi imakupatsani mwayi wosankha mitundu yonse ya mitundu yomwe mukufuna. Echinacea purpurea nthawi zambiri imakhala yolima bwino mu nazale, ndipo mbewu zomwe zimapangidwa nthawi zambiri zimagulitsidwa kumayambiriro kwamasika. Ngati mudagula chomera chotere, ndiye kuti chikuyenera kuikidwa mumiphika ndi dothi lomanga thupi ndikusungidwa pamthunzi, osayiwala madzi. Pakatha mwezi ndi theka, mbewu zimabzalidwa pamalo okhazikika. Zomera za Meristem zingabzalidwe m'nthaka nthawi yomweyo, koma kenako muyenera kuchita china chake ngati wowonjezera kutentha kwa iwo, mwachitsanzo, aphimbe ndi mabotolo akuluakulu popanda pansi kuchokera pansi pamadzi. "Zogawana" zazing'ono ndi chisamaliro chabwino komanso choyenera nthawi zina zimayesa kutulutsa mu chirimwe choyamba, koma simukuyenera kuzilola kuti zizichita izi.
Mwambiri, kulima kwa Echinacea purpurea sikumabweretsa zovuta zambiri. Ndipo itha kusinthidwa mosavuta ndi wamaluwa ndi wamaluwa.
Matenda ndi tizirombo ta Echinacea
Ngati nthaka yonyowa kwambiri, ndiye kuti mitundu iwiri ya bowa ya mtundu wa churchospora (Cercospora) ndi septoria (Septoria), yomwe imayambitsa kuwoneka kwa masamba pamasamba, kufooka ndi kufa, imatha kukhudza echinacea. Ngati zotupa ndizochepa, masamba amachotsedwa, apo ayi amathandizidwa ndi fungicides yolingana.
Echinacea imayamba kugwiritsidwa ntchito ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda omwe amachititsa kuti asinthe maudzu, chikasu masamba ndi mawonekedwe a mikwingwirima. Zomwe zimakhudzidwa zimachotsedwa.
EchinaceaMitundu ndi mitundu ya Echinacea
Pali mitundu pafupifupi 10 ya mtundu wa Echinacea. Monga mbewu yochiritsa, iwo amakhala akuluakulu Echinacea purpurea (Echinacea aimurea), Chuma chopanda lechinacea (Echinacea angustifolia) ndi Echinacea wotumbululuka (Echinacea pallida). Mankhwala, ma rhizomes amagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri, ngakhale mitu yamaluwa, mbewu ndi madzi a chomera chonsecho amagwiritsidwanso ntchito.
Echinacea purpurea amadziwika bwino kwambiri ngati immunostimulant; nthawi zambiri amaphatikizidwa ndi anti-flu, chimfine, kutupa, ndi matenda.
Monga chomera chokongoletsera, nthawi zambiri chimakula Echinacea purpurea ndi Zachilendo echinacea (Echinacea paradoxa), pamaziko awo, mitundu yamakono ndi hybrids yazomera zimapangidwa makamaka.
Echinacea purpurea imakhala ndi maluwa okongola kwambiri (mpaka 12 cm mulifupi) okhala ndi bulauni, kutalika ngati pakati pazitseko.
Zachilendo echinacea - echinacea wachikasu wokhawu; kutalika kwake kumakhala kuzizira kwambiri kwazizira kuposa ena echinacea.
Mitundu yotsatira ya echinacea ndiyodziwika mu chikhalidwe chamakono chamakono:
Ndi miyala ya pinki ndi rasipiberi: Merlot, Chiyembekezo, Magnus, Oover, Pica Bella, Rubinstern (Ruby Star), Ruby Giant, Starbrook's Crimson Star, Raspberry Tart.
Ndi miyala yoyera: White Luster.
Ndi ma peyala achikasu: Wokolola Mwezi (Mateyo Saulo) ndi Big Sky Sunrise ndi zatsopano za ku America.
Terry: Razzmatazz.
Kutsika (55-60 cm kutalika): Nyenyezi Yabwino, Chingwe Chachikulu, Chikoka Chakufa, Pambuyo Pakati Pausiku (Emily Sauli), Kim's Knee High wokhala ndi miyala ya pinki-rasipiberi ndi Finale White, Cygnet White, mutu wa Kim wa Mop wokhala ndi miyala yoyera. Kuphatikizika kwa mbewuzi kumawapangitsa kukhala oyenera mzere wakutsogolo wa mixborder komanso kukula m'miphika.
White Swan - chomera chotsika (mpaka 1 m) chokhala ndi maluwa a kirimu.
Sky Summer (Katie Sauli) - echinacea yatsopano yokhala ndi mawu awiri: mapichesi okhala ndi "halo" yapinki kumunsi. Maluwa akulu kwambiri ndi onunkhira. Kutalika kwa mbewu - mpaka 75 cm.
Prairie Frost ndiye woyamba wokhala ndi masamba owoneka bwino. Mbiri ya mitundu yosiyanasiyana ndi yosangalatsa: mu 1996, mbewu zoterezi zimapezeka mosayembekezeka pakati pa malo obzala Echinacea a mitundu ya Bravado. Maluwa okhala ndi miyala ya pinki komanso yofiirira.
Kunyada kwa Art - Echinacea yokhala ndi miyala ya pichesi-lalanje.
King ndi chomera chachikulu kutalika (kuyambira 150 mpaka 220 cm) ndi maluwa akuluakulu ofiira ofiira (mpaka 15 cm).
Echinacea. © Jordan MeeterKugwiritsa ntchito kwa Echinacea purpurea mu mankhwala
Kuphatikiza pa machitidwe okongoletsa, monga tanena kale, echinacea ali ndi katundu wochiritsa. Pazifukwa zamankhwala, echinacea ya m'badwo uliwonse imagwiritsidwa ntchito, kuyambira zaka ziwiri mpaka zitatu.
Monga zida zopangira mankhwala, zimayambira, maluwa, masamba azomera ndi ma rhizomes okhala ndi mizu amagwiritsidwa ntchito. Echinacea amagwiritsidwa ntchito pakamwa ngati chimfine, chimfine, matenda amkhutu, mononucleosis, matenda a chikhodzodzo, matenda a magazi. Makamaka, echinacea imagwiritsidwa ntchito kuwotcha, furunculosis, mabala, zilonda zam'mimba, urticaria, kulumidwa ndi tizilombo, chikanga, nsungu ndi matenda ena amkhungu.
Kukonzekera kuchokera ku Echinacea purpurea kumagwiritsidwa ntchito pa matenda obwera chifukwa cha kuwonongeka kwa ma radiation a ultraviolet, kuwononga ma radiation, njira zotupa, kukonzekera kwa mankhwala, komanso chithandizo chamankhwala nthawi yayitali. Ndi matenda a chiwindi, matenda a shuga, kupezeka kwa mankhwala ophera tizilombo, zitsulo zolemera, fungicides, mankhwala ophera tizilombo.
Chomera chomera Echinacea sichimangolimbitsa chitetezo chamthupi, komanso chimayambitsa kufa kwa ma virus, mabakiteriya ndi bowa wina. Echinacea akupanga inhibit streptococci, staphylococci, Escherichia coli, ma virus a herpes, stomatitis, fuluwenza. Chifukwa chake, iyi ndi mankhwala amphamvu kwambiri azitsamba!
Kukonzekera kwa chomera ndikothandiza pochiza matenda a polyarthritis, rheumatism, matenda amitsempha, matenda am'mimba, matenda am'mapapo, komanso zilonda zam'mimba, michere yotupa, osteomyelitis. Monga mafuta ochulukirapo kuchokera ku decoction, amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati eczema, psoriasis, matenda a streptococcal, mabala amitundu yonse, kulumidwa ndi njuchi ndi njoka.
Echinacea. © deedavee kosavutaAmbiri amaphunzira za polysaccharides Echinacea. Ma polysaccharides monga wowuma, cellulose, hemicellulose, pectin ndi inulin adadzipatula ku utoto wofiirira, wopindika komanso wamtundu wa echinacea.
Ma polysaccharides obzala amachititsa ntchito yama cell oyera amunthu, amathandizira pakuwonjezera kupanga kwa T-lymphocyte. Zomwe zimathandiza kuchotsa ma virus mthupi ndi ma cell omwe akukhudzidwa nawo ndikupewa kapena kufooketsa matendawa.
Ma polysaccharides amazungulira minyewa ndipo amawateteza ku mabacteria and pathogenic. Uku ndiye kugawa kwamphamvu kwa mankhwala a chomera Echinacea pa thupi la munthu. Kuphatikiza apo, amalimbikitsa kukonzanso minofu.
Caffeic acid glycoside imathandizira kuchiritsa, imakulitsa kukana kwa thupi ku matenda oyambitsidwa ndi tizilombo komanso matenda opatsirana. Echinacin - imathandizira machiritso a bala.
Izi zimagwirizanitsidwa ndi kuthekera kwa zinthu izi kupondaponda ntchito ya enzyme hyaluronidase, yomwe imabweretsa odana ndi kutupa komanso analgesic kwenikweni kwa echinacea. Mphamvu yotsutsa-yotupa ndi antimicrobial imatheka chifukwa cha zomwe zili ndi hydroxycinnamic acid.
Njira inanso yakuchiritsa ya echinacea ndikuthekera koteteza kuwonongeka kwa hyaluronic acid mthupi - chinthu chomwe chimadzaza malo ophatikizika ndikuletsa kufalitsa kwa ma virus ndi mabakiteriya kuchokera ku khungu kupita ku cell.
Kuphatikizidwa ndi inulin kuyambitsa chitetezo cha mthupi, kuwonjezera kuchuluka kwa leukocyte m'malo okhala ndi matenda, kukulitsa kusungunuka kwa chitetezo cha chitetezo cha mthupi, komanso kuwononga ma virus, mabakiteriya ndi tizilombo tina.
Ngakhale kupangidwa kwa Echinacea monga chomera chomera, zitha kuwoneka, sikunaphunziridwe bwino, komabe kumabisa zinsinsi zambiri. Chifukwa chake, posachedwapa zidapezeka kuti Echinacea ili ndi antioxidants. Tsopano asayansi ambiri akuphunzira mosamala mphamvu za chomeracho kuthana ndi matenda ena.
