Tsabola wamba

Anise vulgaris (Anisum vulgare) - Banja Celery (Apiaceae)

Chomera cha herbaceous pachaka. Muzu ndi ndodo, woonda; Tsamba lokhazikika, lopindika bwino, lopendekera posachedwa, mpaka 50 cm. Masamba apansi ali athunthu, osakhazikika, adasanjidwa kapena olemedwa, apakatikati ndi atatu. Maluwa ndi ochepa, oyera kapena zonona, omwe amasonkhanitsidwa maambulera ovuta. Chipatsochi ndimtundu wa ovoid, wowoneka ngati tsitsi lofiirira.

Kwawo kwa anise ndi dziko la Mediterranean. Ku Middle East yaku Middle East, anise akhala akulima kuyambira kale. Ku India, adadziwika kale m'zaka za V. n e. Anagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala achikale achi China komanso akale achi Arab. Anise adabwera ku Western Europe chifukwa cha Aroma. M'zaka za XII. idayamba kulimidwa ku Spain, m'zaka za XVII. - ku England.

Kuyambira 1830, anise adayambitsidwa mchikhalidwe ku Russia, komwe idakula kwambiri m'chigawo chakale cha Voronezh. Pakadali pano, magawo akuluakulu a kulima mafakitale akhazikika mu Belgorod komanso mbali zina za zigawo za Voronezh. Mitundu yazokolola za anise - 'Alekseevsky 68', 'Alekseevsky 1231' ndi ena.

Zothandiza katundu. Anise ali ndi 1.5 mpaka 4.0% yamafuta ofunikira, omwe ali ndi fungo labwino komanso kukoma kwake. Zipatso za anise, komanso mafuta ofunikira omwe amapezeka kuchokera kwa iwo, amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga makeke, nsomba ndi nyama, confectionery ndi distillery, kupanga sopo, zonunkhira, ndi mankhwala.

Anise wakhala akudziwika ngati chomera chamankhwala. Agiriki ndi Aroma adagwiritsa ntchito zipatso zake kuti zikometse chidwi. Amakhulupirira kuti kununkhira kwa anise kumapangitsa kugona tulo, chifukwa chake, kulowetsedwa kuledzera ndi kusowa tulo. Pakani mafuta aniseed kuti mutetezedwe ku udzudzu. Mankhwala amakono, makamaka a ana, makonzedwe opangira zipatso amagwiritsidwa ntchito pophika chifuwa, matenda ammimba, matenda am'mimba, tracheitis, laryngitis, komanso matenda am'mimba.

Masamba achichepere ang'onoang'ono amawonjezeredwa zipatso ndi masamba a saladi, makamaka beets ndi kaloti, komanso mbale zam'mbali. Maambulera osapsa amagwiritsidwa ntchito kutola nkhaka, zukini, squash, zipatso - kuphika masikono, makeke, mphasa. Ufa wazipatso umawonjezeredwa mkaka ndi msuzi wazipatso, mukaphika kupanikizana, kupanikizana kuchokera ku ma plums, maapulo, mapeyala, msuzi wokoma ndi wowawasa, ma compotes, jelly.

Ukadaulo waulimi. Zabwino kwambiri pakukula kwa tsabola ndi chernozemic, dothi lachonde lomwe lili ndi dongosolo labwino, komanso limakula bwino pamadothi otayirira komanso loamy okhala ndi mulu wokwanira wa humus ndi laimu. Dothi la Clay ndi saline silabwino kukula kwa tsabola. Ndiosafunika kuyiyika m'malo omwe coriander adakula.

Anise amafalitsidwa ndi mbewu; ndikofunikira kuti zimere zisanafesere. Kuti muchite izi, mbewu zimanyowetsedwa ndikusungidwa pansi pa kanema kwa masiku atatu. Mukamamera 3-5% ya mbewu zouma kukhala zodetsedwa ndikufesedwa. Kuzama kwa kuyika kwa mbeu ndi masentimita 2-3.Mbewu za tsabola zimalekerera zipatso zazing'ono zam'madzi, kotero mbewu zimafesedwa kumayambiriro kwa kumapeto, kumapeto kwa Epulo. Mbeu za anise zimasweka mosavuta, ndiye kuti mbewu (zomwe zili mgulu lachipatso chapakatikati) zimadulidwa kutalika kwa 10 cm, zomangirizidwa m'ming'ono yaying'ono ndikusiyidwa kuti zipse. Zipatso z kucha ndizopunthidwa, zouma ndikutsukidwa zomwe zingakhale zosayera. Pa amadyera, anise amakololedwa maluwa asanakhale.

Zokongoletsa. Openwork, opangidwa mosamala, masamba obiriwira amdima amapanga kukongoletsa kwa nyengo yonseyo. Pamaluwa, maluwa oyera oyera kapena zonona amakongoletsa chomeracho. Anise amawoneka bwino m'magulumagulu.