Munda wamaluwa: kuyika kwa mbewu m'munda wamaluwa, gawo 2

• Munda wamaluwa: kuyika kwa maluwa m'munda wamaluwa, gawo 1

Malamulo oyambira obzala mbewu.

Ngati mukugwiritsa ntchito chodzala ndi mizu yotsekedwa, ndiye kuti nthawi yobzala ilibe malire. Chokhacho chomwe ndikufuna ndikuchenjeze kuthamanga. Nthawi zambiri mbewu zochokera ku nazale zimagulitsidwa monga mizu ya Refnki ndipo nthawi zambiri zimakhala ndi masamba a 1-2 kapena mphukira za 1-2. Amatha kuphuka kale mchaka chodzala, koma kuti mizu yake itheke bwino ndi kutseguka kwa mlengalenga, yomwe imatsimikizira maluwa oyamba mchaka chotsatira, mpofunika kuti mbewu zisamere pachaka chodzala, i.e. Chotsani masamba. Zachidziwikire, mutha kusiya maluwa kuti ayang'ane maluwa akutuluka mchaka chodzala, koma pamenepa mbewuyo imadzakula bwino pokhapokha zaka zochepa.

Ngati mugwiritsa ntchito chodzala chokhala ndi mizu yotseguka (mbewu zimakumbidwa pansi ndi tchire zazikulu ndikugawa basi), ndiye kuti mizuyo imafupikitsidwa mpaka 20 cm, ndipo gawo lakutsogolo limadulidwa mpaka masentimita 10-15. timitengo, koma iyi ndi njira yomwe mbewu zimatha kumera bwino. Nthawi yobzala yovomerezeka pamenepa ndi koyambirira kwa nyengo yam'mawa (gawo la mlengalenga silidadulidwa, chifukwa masamba akungoyamba kumera) kapena kumapeto kwa Ogasiti - kuyambira kwa Seputembala.

Ndikofunika kubwereza kuti mchaka choyamba, malinga ndi malamulo obzala, dimba lililonse laz maluwa limawoneka wamaliseche, lopanda kanthu. Kuwongolera zinthuzo kumatha kuchitika chaka ndi chaka, komwe, molingana ndi mawonekedwe amtundu ndi lingaliro la dimba lamaluwa, libzalidwe m'malo opanda kanthu. Chaka chotsatira chomwe, kufunika kwa oyendetsa ndege, monga lamulo, kumatha.

Zolinga zanu zilizonse, chilichonse chobzala choyambirira chitha kuwonongeka ngati dimba la maluwa silisamalidwa bwino.

Kusamalira dimba la maluwa.

Kuthirira - Chofunika kwambiri pa chisamaliro chomera mutabzala. Podziwa kuti ndikangodzaza, mizu, monga lamulo, yawonongeka ndipo singathe kupereka masamba ndi chinyezi chokwanira, timayesetsa kuthirira dimba la maluwa pafupipafupi, koma pang'ono ndi pang'ono. Kodi izi ndi zowona? Kuthirira koteroko kumanyowetsa nthaka zokhazo ndipo zimathandizira kuti pakhale mizu yopanda maziko. Komabe, mizu ya pansi siyitha kupatsa mbewu madzi kuchokera pansi panthaka, motero, dimba lamaluwa loterali liyenera kuthiriridwa kosatha, moyo wake wonse. Kuthirira molondola - kawirikawiri, koma zochulukirapo, kutiunyowetse kwambiri dothi. Zotsatira zake, mizu yakuzama ya ndodo imapangidwa. Kuphatikiza apo, kuthirira pafupipafupi kumabweretsa kupangika kwa kutumphuka panthaka, zomwe zimalepheretsa kudutsa kwa mpweya kuti mizu ikule. M'pofunika kuyendetsa tinthu tating'onoting'ono patatha tsiku limodzi mutathirira kuti musunge chinyontho. Olima odziwa zamaluwa amatchula kumasula kanyowa, chifukwa njirayi imakuthandizani kuti musunge chinyezi m'nthaka ndikuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa kuthirira.

Kupalira -Chinthu chofunikira posamalira, makamaka mchaka choyamba mutabzala. M'zaka zotsatira, nthawi yoletsa udzu idzachepetsedwa kwambiri, popeza masamba ochulukana azitsekedwa ndi masamba ndikulepheretsa kukula kwa namsongole. M'mabedi a maluwa oterowo, maudzu akuluakulu amapezeka mchaka chokha. Njira yabwino yothanirana ndi namsongole ndi mulch (mutha kugwiritsa ntchito khungwa la matchire ndi tchipisi ngati mulch). Mulch amabalalika pakati pa mbeu mutabzala, ndipo mulawo wa mulch womwe umalepheretsa kukula kwa namsongole uzikhala wosachepera 8 cm.

Kudulira. Pambuyo posachedwa, chaka chilichonse chimachotsedwa kwathunthu, ndipo masamba osatha amawadula mpaka 5 cm masentimita kuchokera pansi. Chosiyana ndi chikhalidwe cha delphinium, chomwe matinde ake amawadula mpaka 20-25 masentimita. Popeza tsinde la delphinium silaboweka, madzi amatha kulowa mkati mwake ndikudulira kochepa. Madzi, ikhoza kuyambitsa kuvunda kwa khosi.

Mavalidwe apamwamba ndi gawo lofunika kwambiri pakusamalira mbewu. Nthawi zambiri m'munda wamaluwa mumakhala mbewu zosiyanasiyana zofunika pakudya (ndipamene zolakwika zimachitika posankha mtundu wogwirizana ndi magawo ena). Poterepa, sizikupanga nzeru kudyetsa mbewu iliyonse payokhapayokha. Aliyense ayenera kukhala wokhutira ndi kuchuluka kwa zakudya.

Tizikumbukira kuti mchaka cham'mera chimafunikira kuchuluka kwa nayitrogeni, ndipo mutha kugwiritsa ntchito feteleza wa nayitrogeni (urea, ammonium nitrate) kapena feteleza wathunthu wa mchere wokhala ndi nitrogen yambiri (mwachitsanzo, nitroammophosk wokhala ndi michere: N-16, P- 10, K-10).

Chovala chachiwiri chapamwamba nthawi zambiri chimachitika pang'onopang'ono mpaka kumera ndi maluwa, monga lamulo, ndi feteleza wathunthu, koma, mutapatsa nthawi yosiyanasiyana ya maluwa, ndikofunikira kupanga feteleza mosankha.

Mu Ogasiti, mbewu zikukonzekera nyengo yachisanu ndipo zimafunikira zochulukirapo za phosphorous ndi feteleza wa potaziyamu m'nthaka. Koma feteleza wa nayitrogeni pakadali pano amangovulaza - mphukira alibe nthawi yopundira ndipo amatha kuvutika ndi chisanu chambiri.

Mukadyetsa mbewu m'mabedi amaluwa, ndikofunikira kwambiri kutsatira muyeso. Mbali imodzi, mbewu zomwe zimapatsidwa bwino ndizakudya, zimakula bwino komanso kuphuka. Koma palinso gawo la ndalama - - mbewu zochulukitsa nthawi zambiri "zimanenepa" (zimapanga tsamba lalikulu kuti liwononge maluwa), kuphatikiza, mbewu zobiriwira zimakula mwachangu ndipo mudzayenera kuziwonjezera nthawi zambiri.

Nzeru zotchuka zimati: "Iye wosachita kanthu salakwitsa." Sikufunika kuti dimba lanu loyamba la maluwa mugulire mtengo wobzala. Munda wokongola wamaluwa ukhoza kupangidwa kuchokera ku mbewu zathu wamba, zomwe zili pafupifupi patsamba lililonse. Muyenera kungoyang'ana mbewuzo, ndipo zikuwululirani zinsinsi zawo zonse, koma kuti muwone malangizowa, kugwiritsa ntchito mwaluso ndi ntchito yanu.

Zida zogwiritsidwa ntchito:

• Bochkova I. Yu. - Timapanga dimba lokongola la maluwa. Mfundo za kusankha masomera.