Nyumba yachifumu yachifumu yokhala m'minda yambiri ya maluwa imakonda ndi kukongola kwake komanso chisomo. Woyang'anira mundawo amakopeka ndi mbewuyo ndi maluwa ake achilendo komanso maluwa oyambira komanso aatali. Ambiri amagwiritsa ntchito kuti aletse timadontho ndi tizirombo tokhala m'nthaka. Grouse imperial, yodzala bwino ndi chisamaliro, imatsegula masamba ake apakati mwa Meyi. Itha kubzala osati kum'mwera, komanso ku Urals, Siberia komanso kumpoto kwa dziko.
Grouse imperial: mafotokozedwe ambiri, mitundu, chithunzi
Chomera chochulukitsa cha banja la kakombo ndichofunika chifukwa cha maluwa ake okongola ngati beru. Amapangidwa m'mizere yama masamba omwe amakhala pafupi ndi thunthu lazomera. Mphukira zili pagulu la zidutswa zisanu mpaka zisanu ndi ziwiri. Kuchokera pamwamba pa tsinde, pamwamba pa masamba omwewo, masamba ambiri akupitilira kukula.
Masamba odabwitsa a hazel grouse chosiyanitsidwa ndi malo okongola ndi wolemera emerald hue. Mwanjira zina, zimakhazikitsidwa m'mizere iwiri. Maluwa nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi miyala yachikasu kapena yowala lalanje, koma mitundu yokhala ndi masamba ofiira, a pinki ndi oyera amapezeka.
Zoweta zidabereka mitundu yoposa khumi ya hazel grouse yamaufumu. Zamagawo zomwe zimakhala ndi nyengo yovuta Mitundu yotsatirayi ya hazel grouse yoyenera ndi yoyenera:
Kukongola Kosiyanasiyana - chomera chomwe chili ndi maluwa oyera ndi zonona omwe amatulutsa maluwa kwambiri. Kumapeto kwa Epulo, mutha kupeza masamba oyamba ngati mutadzala mababu a mbande mu February.- Mitundu "Gardand Star" yosiyanasiyana imasiyanitsidwa ndi inflorescence yayikulu ndipo ndiyabwino kwa okonda mitundu ya lalanje. Ndi kuthirira nthawi zonse, maluwa mosalekeza amapitilira kwa mwezi ndi theka.
- "Rubra" osiyanasiyana ndi mbewu yokhala ndi tsinde lotsika mpaka 70 cm.Yokwanira kubzala mozungulira poyandikira malowa komanso yokongoletsa mabedi a maluwa. Masamba mpaka 6 cm kutalika kwake ndi amtundu wakuda ndi olamulira akuda ojambula. Maluwa otseguka m'mimba mwake amafika 4.5 cm.
- "Raddeana" osiyanasiyana ndi mbewu yomwe imatalika mpaka mita imodzi ndi theka. Imakhala ndi gawo lolimba la gawo komanso inflorescence yopanga masamba asanu ndi atatu. Kirimu ndi wachikasu maluwa achikasu kumera pachimake mkati mwa June. Zosiyanasiyana zimakhala ndi nyengo yachidule, yomwe imalola kuti ibzalidwe panthaka kumayambiriro kwamasika.
Kukongola Kosiyanasiyana - chomera chomwe chili ndi maluwa oyera ndi zonona omwe amatulutsa maluwa kwambiri. Kumapeto kwa Epulo, mutha kupeza masamba oyamba ngati mutadzala mababu a mbande mu February.Muli chodzala grouse
Kuti mukhale ndi maluwa okongola ataliitali a impel Hazel grouse, muyenera kukonzekera kubzala pasadakhale.
Kusankha kubzala zakuthupi
Pakadali pano, kugula mababu si ntchito yayikulu. Pamtengo wokwanira amaperekedwa m'masitolo apadera komanso m'malo owonetsera maluwa. Utoto wa maluwa a impel hazel grouse umakhala wocheperako wamtundu wa lalanje, wachikasu ndi wofiira. Chifukwa chake, simuyenera kukhulupirira zithunzi zomwe zimaphatikizidwa ndi mababu okhala ndi maluwa a pinki, ofiirira, akuda kapena njiwa.
Posankha kubzala zofunikira Samalani kukula kwake ndi mtundu wake:
- Dongosolo la mababu liyenera kukhala losachepera 4 cm, apo ayi maluwa adzakhala ovuta kudikirira.
- Anyezi wa grouse amatha kulemera kuchokera ku 500 g mpaka 1 makilogalamu.
- Kubzala zinthu ndi mpira wothinitsidwa wokhala ndi bowo.
- Mababu sayenera kukhala ofewa komanso okhala ndi ming'alu, nkhungu ndi zowola.
- Pakubzala zakuthupi, kupezeka kwa mizu kumaloledwa. Kuwombera kwa chaka chatha sikumachotsedwa.
Kusankha malo ndi nthawi yokwira
Kuti muchite bwino kulima ndi kuswana kwa hazel grouse poyera, kubzala kuyenera kuchitidwa kutsegula madera dzuwa. Mtambo wamafumu owoneka bwino komanso wopanda tsankho udzakula bwino. Chifukwa chake, zibzalidwe pamwera chakumwera chakumadzulo ndi malo akumadzulo, pafupi ndi gazebo, bwalo la nyumba ndi nyumba, pansi pa zitsamba zowola.
Malowa akuyenera kutetezedwa ku mphepo, yomwe imatha kuthyola mitengo yayitali. Ngati simungapeze tsamba loterolo, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito mathandizi apadera.
Kubzala babu poyera zitha kuchitidwa m'njira ziwiri:
- Ngati zinthu zodzala zidasungidwa mu utuchi wapansi, ndiye kuti mu theka loyambilira la Marichi chodzalacho chimabzalidwa mumipanda yayikulu mchipinda. Maluwa atangomaliza kudutsa, mbande zokhala ndi zimayambira zimabzyala panthaka.
- M'malo okhala ndi nyengo yofatsa yozizira, grouse imabzalidwa kumapeto kwa Seputembara - pakati pa Okutobala. Mtsogolo, adzafunika pobisalira ku chisanu, chomwe chimaperekedwa filimu, kompositi, utuchi. Choipa cha njira yobzala iyi ndikuti nthawi yamasika yophukira, kuwola pang'ono ndi kuwira kwa zinthu zomwe zimabzala kumachitika.
Kodi kubzala mababu?
Bowo liyenera kukonzedwa masabata awiri asanadzalemo grouse. Kukula kwake kuyenera kukhala 40x40 cm kutalika kwake ndi m'lifupi, ndipo kuya kwa dzenje kumatengera kukula kwa babu ndi ma cm 30. Ngati kubzala gulu kukalingaliridwa, mtunda pakati pa maenjewo ndi wa 25-30 cm.
Pakatha milungu iwiri, mchenga umathiridwa mumalowo, ndipo msomali wotalika motero umalowetsedwa pakati kuti umakwezanso wina masentimita 50 pamwamba pa nthaka. Pafupi ndi msomali womwe wakakamira, babu umayikidwa pamchenga ndikumawaza ndi manyowa.
Zovala pachimbudzi: kusiya poyera
Kusamalira chomera kumayamba chisanu chisanathe. Ndikofunikira kuchotsa mwachangu pogona panu yozizira, apo ayi, chifukwa chosowa mpweya, mababu amatha kuyamba kuvunda. Pambuyo pochotsa pogona, dothi limamasuka ndikuthira pansi ndi yankho la potaziyamu permanganate ndi feteleza wa mchere. Simuyenera kuchita mantha ndi nyengo yachisanu yomaliza, chifukwa duwa silikhala ndi iwo.
Kuthirira ndi kudyetsa
Mukamasamalira anyezi mbewu, kuthirira kumachitika pokhapokha nyengo yowuma. Kupanda kutero, chifukwa cha kuthilira madzi pafupipafupi, mababu ayamba kuvunda ndipo mbewuyo imafa. Kuti dothi lisaphwe, litha kuphimbidwa ndi mulch.
Mu chilimwe chouma, kuthirira tchire ndikofunikira ngakhale pambuyo pazimera. Kuti mababu padziko lapansi asapume, azikhala okwanira kuthirira kawiri pamwezi.
Mtengo wa chisanu ukangowopsa, ma grazel ophatikiza azidye amaphatikizidwa ndi mitundu ina ya feteleza, yomwe inakonzedwa kuchokera pazotsatira zotsatirazi:
- humus - 10 malita;
- feteleza wovuta wa maluwa - 1 tbsp. supuni;
- nitrophosphate - 1 tbsp. supuni.
Osakanikirawa amasanjika masentimita atatu pamwamba pomwe panali ma hazel grows. Mu gawo loyambirira la maluwa kudyetsedwa ndi feteleza wa potashi ndi phulusa.
Pambuyo maluwa, kuonetsetsa chodzala chathanzi, kuvala bwino ndi superphosphate ndi potaziyamu sulfate kumachitika.
Mukamasamalira hazel grouse, ndikofunikira kuchotsa nthawi zonse namsongole ndikumasulira dothi kuti lisawononge anyezi. Mukamadula maluwa, mbali ina ya masamba imasiyidwa pamtengo. Kupanda kutero, mababu adzaleka kukula.
Njira zobereketsa hazel grouse
Chomera chimatha kufalikira m'njira ziwiri:
- Masamba kapena kugawa mababu.
- Mbewu.
Chigawo cha Bulb
Kubzala zinthu za ana kumakumbidwa kumapeto kwa mwezi wa June, pomwe masamba a mbewuyo sanakhalepo kale. Nthawi zambiri, pakapita nthawi, bulb ya mama imakula ndikupanga anyezi m'modzi kapena awiri. Afunika kupatukana ndikukula zaka ziwiri.
Olekanitsa mwana wamkazi wa anyezi mosavuta. Pambuyo pake iwo motetezedwa kuti tizilombo toononga mu njira yofooka ya potaziyamu permanganate ndipo kwa milungu iwiri kapena itatu amasungidwa mu chipinda chopumira bwino, chowuma ndi kutentha kwa mpweya osaposa + 30 ° C. Panthawi imeneyi, ana amapereka mizu ndi machitidwe. Popeza alibe mamba oteteza, ayenera kuthandizidwa mosamala kwambiri. Ziyenera kuthandizidwa kuti mababu-makanda saume, apo ayi satulutsa.
Kuthandizira duwa kukhala mwana wakhanda, maluwa atakumbidwa, amakumbidwa ndipo bwino kwambiri amasankhidwa. Amakutidwa ndi mpeni wakuthwa wosazama ndi masentimita awiri atayikidwa mumchenga wouma ndi kusungidwa m'chipinda chowuma. Pakutha kwa chilimwe, babu omwe ali ndi mizu yophukira amathandizidwa ndi yankho la fungicidal ndikubzala poyera. Kuti mphamvu zonse za maluwa zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga ana, thumba losunga mazira lomwe limatuluka limachotsedwa.
Kufalitsa mbewu
Mbewu zakucha mu bokosi louma mbewu zikangokolola zimafesedwa panthaka. Popeza mbande za grouse zimakula ndikukula mkati mwa zaka ziwiri, dothi la iwo liyenera kukhala lathanzi. Kuzama kwakamatera kayenera kukhala pafupifupi sentimita imodzi. Kuti pakhale madzi abwino, mtunda pakati pa mbewu uyenera kukhala 10x10 cm. Kuchokera pamwamba, dothi limakonkhedwa ndi peat mosanjikiza masentimita awiri.
Mbewu zoyambirira ziziwoneka chaka chamawa. Mababu azaka zakubadwa ziwiri amakumbidwa ndikuisunga mchipinda chowuma nthawi yachilimwe. Kusungirako kotere ndi njira yowononga nthawi, popeza gawo lodzala liziwola. Zomera zosagwira chinyezi cha hazel grouse poyera zimatha kukhala zaka zinayi. Panthawi imeneyi, mbewuyo imaphukira ndikuyamba kuphuka.
Maluwa amasilira chimbalangondo ndi timadontho
Ogwira ntchito zamaluwa aluso adazindikira kuti mutabzala mu ziwembu za mpesa waufumu, ndimu za ma moles zimasowa, ndipo panali zimbalangondo zochepa komanso tizilombo tina. Chifukwa chake, mbewuyo idayamba kubzalidwa m'mizere ya mbatata, pomwe imawopseza kachilomboka ndi mbande za Colorado. Palibe tanthauzo la sayansi pankhaniyi, koma amakhulupirira kuti mababu a grouse amakhala ndi fungo linalake ndipo amatulutsa zinthu zovulaza tizirombo.
Bwanji Hazel grouse pachimake?
Milandu yambiri kukana pachimake zotsatirazi:
Chipale chofewa kapena malo osowa pokhala. Pankhaniyi, mababu amaundana. Imperi hazel grows zobzalidwa nthawi ya chisanu ziyenera kuphimbidwa ndi peat kapena humus osachepera 15 cm.- Kubzala chomera m'nthaka yosauka. Chinyezi chambiri chimadziunjikira m'nthaka, ndipo mababu amayamba kuvunda. Nthaka yowala kwambiri nthawi yozizira imazizira. Ndikofunikira kusamalira nthaka yoyenera ndi ngalande yabwino.
- Kufika kolakwika Ngati zinthu zobzala ndizzama kwambiri, ndiye kuti mtengowo umawononga mphamvu zake zonse pakukula. Pakudzala pamtunda, mababuwo amasintha nyengo.
- Zodzala zazing'ono. Mababu osakwana 5 masentimita awiri mchaka choyamba sichimera. Adzakula ndikupanga ana.
- Madzi ozizira komanso ozizira. Pansi pa nyengo zoterezi, anyezi ayenera kukumbidwa ndikuwotha ndi njira yachilengedwe musanabzale.
Chipale chofewa kapena malo osowa pokhala. Pankhaniyi, mababu amaundana. Imperi hazel grows zobzalidwa nthawi ya chisanu ziyenera kuphimbidwa ndi peat kapena humus osachepera 15 cm.Nyumba yachifumu ya grouse imawoneka yokongola kwambiri m'minda yamagulu. Zomera zimayenda bwino ndi cheyranthus, daffodils mochedwa komanso duwa. Mwa kubzala moyenera komanso chisamaliro choyenera, chomera chachifumu chidzakhala chokongoletsera chapadera cha maluwa m'munda wanu.
