Maluwa okongola a Decembrist amakongoletsa ndi maluwa ake m'nyumba ndi zipinda munyengo yozizira. Amazitcha mosiyana - Rozhdestvennik, Zygocactus, Schlumberger kapena mtundu wa Varvarin. Mtengowo ndi wa epiphytic cacti, womwe umamera pamtengo m'nkhalango zotentha za South ndi Central America. Ndi mizu yake mu kotekisi, imadyetsa ndipo imapeza humus. Kunyumba, Decembrist ndi wonyoza, koma amachulukana mwanjira yapadera. Chifukwa chake, pakukula bwino kwa zigocactus, ndikofunikira kudziwa malamulo a kubereka kwake.
Kufotokozera, mitundu ndi zithunzi za maluwa Decembrist
Chomera ndi chitsamba chokhala ndi nthambi zimayambira 30 cm cm. Phesi lirilonse limakhala ndi timagulu ting'onoting'ono tokhala ngati masamba (timagulu) tating'ono tating'ono tating'ono tating'ono tating'ono tombali Mizu ya duwa imakhala yofooka ndipo imafa msanga. Koma popanga zabwino zake, zimabwezeretseka mwachangu kuchokera ku mizu yapadera yosaka. Zovunda zimakhala ndi mizu ya mlengalenga yomwe imakoka chinyezi mwachindunji.
Zygocactus limamasula m'maluwa ataliatali otumphukira omwe amawoneka pamwamba pa mphukira kuchokera kumagawo. Duwa lililonse limakhala ndi mulu wautali, wopindika bwino. Mwachilengedwe, ma Decembrists amaphuka oyera ndi ofiira. Koma obereketsa adabzala mitundu yambiri ndi rasipiberi, violet, chikasu, oyera, pinki mithunzi.
Mitundu ya Zowonongeka - chithunzi
Chifukwa cha ntchito ya obereketsa zygocactus yoyimiriridwa ndi mitundu ingapo:
Gertner's Decembrist ndi mbewu yabwino kwambiri yopanda minofu yayitali, yotalika masentimita 7. Maluwa ataliatali okhala ndi timiyala tating'ono, tating'ono komanso tinsalu titalitali. Mtundu wawo umatengera zosiyanasiyana.- Zigocactus Russeliana ndi mtengo wokhala ndi nthambi zobisika mpaka 80 cm.zigawo zopyapyala zomwe ndizopaka utoto ndipo zimafanana ndi tsamba laling'ono. Gawo lirilonse limasiyanitsidwa ndi m'mbali mwake ndi m'mphepete mwake. Maluwa akuluakulu amachikululi amakhala ndi tinsalu tating'ono tokhala ngati ma toni ndi ma pichesi.
- Decembrist Bukley mpaka 50 masentimita okwera amasiyanasiyana masamba ofanana ndi amtundu wowala, wamtambo wakuda. M'mphepete amakhala ndi mano akuthwa. Maluwa okumbikakumbika kwa masentimita 8 kutalika kwamtundu wa petals wozungulira. Mtundu wawo umatengera mitundu ndipo amatha kukhala wofiirira, wachikaso, oyera. Maluwa amatulutsa mu Novembala ndipo amatha maluwa mpaka March.
- Chidutswa chokhazikika cha mbewu yabwino komanso chomera chobiriwira. Kumapeto kwa mphukira, maluwa akuluakulu ofiira, ofiirira, apinki, oyera kapena matani ena amapangidwa. Pambuyo maluwa, zipatso mu mawonekedwe a zipatso zofiira pamagawo.
Gertner's Decembrist ndi mbewu yabwino kwambiri yopanda minofu yayitali, yotalika masentimita 7. Maluwa ataliatali okhala ndi timiyala tating'ono, tating'ono komanso tinsalu titalitali. Mtundu wawo umatengera zosiyanasiyana.Kodi Decembrist amapanga bwanji?
Zygocactus ofalitsidwa ndi odulidwa, iliyonse yomwe imayenera kukhala magawo awiri kapena atatu. Mosasamala kanthu za nthawi ya chaka, iwo amazindikira bwino. Koma chabwino pakufalitsa kwa Decembrist ndi nthawi yomwe chomera chimaphukira kale. Izi zimachitika mu Epulo kapena Meyi.
Kukonzekera kwa odulidwa
Chomera chilichonse chachikulire chizikhala ndi magawo okhala ndi mizu yaying'ono. Kuti tipeze chitsamba chobiriwira, tifunika zidutswa zingapo. Ndikulimbikitsidwa kupatukana magawo a gawo lokongola kwambiri la chomera, chifukwa pambuyo pang'onopang'ono, Decembrist ayambanso kusinthika, natulutsa mphukira zatsopano ndikuphukira bwino kwambiri.
Ndikulimbikitsidwa kupatula petioles kuchokera ku mphukira ndi dzanja. Kuti muchite izi, gawo lolingidwa la magawo awiri kapena atatu kwambiri limazunguliridwa ndi zala pamodzi ndi axis ndipo nips kusiya. Phesi la chitsamba pakadali pano likufunika kuthandizidwa ndi dzanja lachiwiri. Amadulidwa amalekanitsidwa popanda mavuto mosavuta komanso mwachangu.
Zilonda sizimera m'nthaka nthawi yomweyo. Kwa masiku angapo amafunika kuti ziume. Kuti tichite izi, zodulidwazo zimayikidwa mu chidebe, zomwe ndi zofunika kuti ziwululidwe. Amatha kuwaza ndi makala kapena mchenga. Mukangodula zigawo zophimbidwa ndi filimu yamagalasi - zingabzalidwe.
Kukonzekera kwa dothi
Ndikulimbikitsidwa kubzala zigocactus mu dothi lodzaza ndi peat. Gawo lapadera lokhala ndi acidity ya 5.5-6.5 pH itha kugulidwa m'sitolo kapena kukonzekera palokha. Kusakaniza kwa nthaka kuyenera kukhala motengera izi:
- nthaka ya humus - magawo 4;
- dziko la turf - gawo limodzi;
- pepala - 6 mbali;
- peat - magawo awiri;
- mchenga - magawo awiri.
Dothi loterolo lidzakhala lopumira komanso lopepuka.
Miphika yozika Mazu a kudula kwa nyemba sikuyenera kukhala yayikulu kwambiri, popeza mizu ya mbewu siyipangidwe bwino. Gawo limodzi mwa magawo atatu a matankiwo limadzazidwa ndi madzi, omwe amawaza ndi dothi. Nthaka imaphwanyidwa pang'onopang'ono, kunyowa ndi kudulidwa sikuzama mwakuzama.
Mutha kubzala Chitsamba choyamba chidebe chonyansa kapena nthawi yomweyo mumphika wokhazikika. Kuti apange chitsamba chobiriwira, chokongola, zodula zingapo zimabzalidwa mchidebe chimodzi nthawi imodzi.
Magawo omwe adalidwa adakutidwa ndi pulasitiki wokutira kapena chidebe chagalasi. Miphika imatsukidwa mumthunzi mu chipinda chokhala ndi kutentha kwa mpweya mumtunda wa 15-20 madigiri. Pakazula, dothi liyenera kupukutidwa moyenera.
Pambuyo poti mizu yakhazikitsidwa, chomera kuchokera m'chidebe chosakhalitsa chimasinthidwa ndikukhala mumphika wokhazikika woyenera. Zigocactus imatha kuyamba pachimake mchaka chomwecho, ngakhale kuti chitsamba sichikhala ndi zigawo zochepa chabe.
Malamulo osamalira chisamaliro
Mutha kumera chomera chathanzi komanso chokongola popanga zabwino zake ndikuwonetsetsa kuti zikuwasamalirani bwino.
Kuwala ndi chinyezi
Mosiyana ndi othandizira ambiri, zigocactus ndizowongolera dzuwa, kusintha kwa kutentha ndi mpweya wouma sizimakonda. M'nyengo yozizira, chomera chamaluwa chitha kuikidwa pazenera lakumwera, ndipo nthawi ya chilimwe ndi chilimwe, Decembrist amamva bwino pafupi ndi mazenera akumpoto ndi akum'mawa.
Kuti chitsamba chikule moyenerera, nthawi zina chimalimbikitsidwa kuti chikhale chopepuka. Nthawi yomweyo, ndizosatheka kutembenuza ndikusintha chomera chamaluwa ndi masamba kuchokera pomwepo, popeza maluwawo amatha nthawi yomweyo.
Amawoneka okonda mpweya wonyowa, kotero mu nthawi yotentha kapena m'zipinda zokhala ndi ma radiator, timalimbikitsidwa kuti tizisenda iwo tsiku ndi tsiku ndi kusamba nthawi ndi nthawi. Dziko lapansi chophimbidwa ndi filimu. Chinyezi chozungulira duwa chitha kupitilizidwa pogwiritsa ntchito pallets zakunyowa.
Mpweya wouma kwambiri ungapangitse masamba kugwa, kotero zigocactuses zimapopera nthawi zambiri nthawi yozizira. Komabe, izi zikuyenera kuchitika kuti madzi asagwere maluwa.
Kuthirira ndi kudyetsa Kupanduka
Kuthirira ndi maluwa otchedwa zigocactus ayenera kukhala odziletsa, koma kuti nthaka mumphika nthawi zonse ikhale yonyowa. Munthawi yopumira, kuthirira kumachepetsedwa, ndipo mbewuyo imathiriridwa pokhapokha dothi lomwe lili mumphikalalo likauma. Mukugwa, Decembrist yemwe akukonzekera maluwa ayenera kusungidwa bwino ndipo osamwetsa madzi ambiri. Kutsirira kumachitika ndi madzi okhazikika pa kutentha kwa firiji.
Decembrist amadyetsedwa masika kamodzi pamwezi ndi maluwa okhatikiza michere ya cacti. Ndikofunikira kuonetsetsa kuti zinthu za nayitrogeni mkati mwake ndizochepa, popeza chinthuchi mu ma suppulents chimatha kuyambitsa kuvunda kwa mizu. M'chilimwe, mbewu zimadyetsedwa masiku khumi ndi asanu aliwonse, ndipo nthawi yophukira, feteleza sagwiritsidwa ntchito konse.
Njira yotentha
Decembrist sichimasinthasintha kutentha. Itha kumera pa kutentha kwa +37 degrees, ndi ku + 2C. Komabe, ndibwino kuti zisapangitse mbewu zovuta ngati izi.
Kuti zygocactus ichimire kwambiri, ndikofunikira kulimbikitsa kuyika masamba, ndikupanga iyi nthawi yopumula:
- M'dzinja, firiji pamwamba + 23 ° C, masamba sadzakhala. Zomera ziyenera kusungidwa m'zipinda zozizira ndi kutentha kwa + 12- + 16C.
- Mugawo lokhala ndi maluwa, Decembrist amafunika kutentha kuchokera + 18C mpaka + 20C.
- Pomwe chitsamba chimazirala, chimayikidwanso m'malo abwino.
Kuteteza Kuwonongeka ku Matenda ndi Tizilombo
Zigocactus kugonjetsedwa ndi matenda osiyanasiyana, ndipo sikuyenera kugwidwa ndi tizilombo. Komabe, tizirombo ta mbewu zoyandikana nawo titha kuzithira:
Mealybug amawoneka pakati pa mphukira ndipo amawoneka ngati zotupa zomwe zimawoneka ngati ubweya wa thonje. Tizirombo timachotsedwa ndi thonje la thonje lomwe limanyowa mu mowa kapena kutsukidwa ndimtsinje wamadzi otentha.- Kangaudeyu amapatsira mbewu zomwe zili mzipinda zouma. Mzere wa kangaude ndi madontho ofiira, ofiira amawonekera pazigawo. Tizilombo timadyanso chakudya chambiri, ndichifukwa chake patapita kanthawi kulumikizana kumayamba kugwa. Mutha kumenya nkhondo yolimbana ndi wowerengeka azitsamba, kugwiritsa ntchito infusions wa adyo ndi anyezi, ndikutsuka chomera ndi sopo wa phula.
Mealybug amawoneka pakati pa mphukira ndipo amawoneka ngati zotupa zomwe zimawoneka ngati ubweya wa thonje. Tizirombo timachotsedwa ndi thonje la thonje lomwe limanyowa mu mowa kapena kutsukidwa ndimtsinje wamadzi otentha.Matenda a fungus ndi owopsa ku Decembrist: mochedwa choipitsa, phytium, fusarosis. Zomera zimatengedwa ndi dothi kapena bala. Tchire limathanso kudwala ndikulakwitsa, monga kuthilira mopitirira muyeso, nyengo yachisanu kutentha kwambiri, komanso kusowa kwa zotayira mumphika.
Ndikovuta kwambiri kuchiza matenda ngati amenewa. Kuti muchite izi, chitsamba chathiridwa ndi "Oksikhom", "Hom", "Fundazol" kapena "Fitosporin-M". Ngati nthambi za zygocactus zinayamba kuzimiririka, ndipo zigawo zikagwapo, ndiye kuti ndi bwino kuti mbewuyo ichotsedwe mumphika ndikuwunikira mizu yake. Ngati ziwonongeka pang'ono, zigawo zowola zimatha kuchotsedwa pochotsa magawo okhala ndi kaboni yophwanyika. Ngati gawo la mlengalenga lakhudzidwa kwambiri, ndipo mizu yambiri idafa, tikulimbikitsidwa kudula zodula ndikazizika pamwamba pamalowo. Chomera chodwala chimatayidwa.
Ndi kubereka bwino komanso chisamaliro chabwino, Amawombera atha kukula mpaka zaka 20. Ndi zaka, mitengo yawo yaminga imakhala yowuma ndipo amasiya kukongoletsa. Koma maluwa okhalitsa komanso ochulukirapo m'miyezi yozizira amakwirira zolakwika za maluwa. Zigocactus itha kukhala wamkulu pazenera la sopo mumiphika, kapena pamtengo womata, ngati mawonekedwe ampel.
