Protea ndi mbewu yomwe imagwirizanitsidwa ndi ma exotic ikhoza kuweruzidwa mwachangu. Wokonda maluwa, woyimira kunja kwa banja la Protein amatha kukhala owonetsera m'chipindacho ndi malo osungiramo dimba. Mitu yokhala ndi mitundu yambiri ya inflorescence ya kukula kwakukulu ndiwodabwitsa, masamba ake ndi achikale. Ndipo ngakhale sizovuta kubzala mapuloteni okhala ndi mbali zambiri, ndipo kulibe matekinoloje ambiri aulimi, ngakhale mchipinda ndi chikhalidwe cha malo obiriwira, adzakhala ndi nthawi yowonetsa umunthu wake wonse wowala.
Maluwa a ProteaExot wokhala ndi mawonekedwe osagwirizana ndi oimira ake m'munda ndi chikhalidwe chamkati
Achiculents ochokera ku banja la Mapuloteni omwe ali ndi mawonekedwe osagwirizana, masamba osungira madzi komanso ziwalo zapansi panthaka amagonjetsa olima maluwa padziko lonse lapansi ndi maluwa osagwirizana. "Spiky", mitu yowoneka molimba mtima ya inflorescences imafanana ndi ma artichoke, nthula zazikulu ndi mabokosi, kapena maburashi am'mabotolo, koma mtundu wake ndi mitundu ina zimangopatsa chomera china chilichonse mawonekedwe. Mapuloteni ndiwosavuta kufesa mbewu, koma amasintha kwambiri posakaniza mbewu, kenako ndikubwezeretsanso maluwa omwe ndi oyamba kwambiri.
Protea (Protea) - mtundu wazomera za banja la Protein. Mitundu ya generic - Protea artichoke (Protea cynaroides).
Mapuloteni amaphatikiza masamba owuma kapena owoneka ngati ma singano) okhala ndi masamba obiriwira okwanira masentimita 5 mpaka 30. Ma inflorescence amazunguliridwa ndi chomata chomata, samawonetsedwa ndi maluwa ang'onoang'ono, koma ndi mabulosi abwinoko modabwitsa. Wopanga mawonekedwe, wokhala ndi "ma cell" owoneka ngati singano, amasiyanitsidwa ndi kusinthika koyambirira kwa mitundu, ndi mitundu yosiyana yazipanga ndi manda, ndi timadzi tokoma, kukopa mbewu za uchi ndikubisala mkati mwa "mitu".
Ma protein siili osiyanasiyana - amasiyana mitundu. Sikuti mwangozi kuti chikhalidwe ichi chidatengera dzina la mwana wa Poseidon Proteus, yemwe amatha kuchita chilichonse. M'dziko lakwawo, ku Australia ndi Africa, komwe mapuloteni amapezeka paliponse, mbewu izi zimadzitamandira modabwitsa. M'dziko lathu, mapuloteni amaimiridwa ndi mitundu yochepa kwambiri yazamoyo.
Protea artichoke (Protea cynaroides).
Woimira wamkulu wa Proteus nyengo yathu ndi proteina artichoke (Protea cynaroides) Makulidwe ake a inflorescence amafika masentimita 30. Amatha kutulutsa inflorescence sikungokulira kokha, komanso modabwitsa. Amapangidwa ndi matenthedwe oyamba a mabakiteriya, opakidwa utoto wosiyanasiyana. Kunyumba, proteina iyi imadziwika pansi pa dzina la "poto la uchi": timadzi tokoma timagwiritsa ntchito ngati njira ina yochiritsira chifuwa. Mitundu yoyera, yapinki, lalanje, chikasu, ma lilac a OXR mu Proteus nthawi zina amaphatikizidwa mosiyanasiyana kwambiri.
Protea zokwawa (Protea repens).
Zomwe sizimawonekanso pamsika:
- mapuloteni okhala ndi mutu waukulu (Protea coronataomwe amadziwika kuti macrocephala) wokhala ndi mitu yayikulu yowala, yokongoletsedwa ndi mikwingwirima yapadera yazovala;
- Zokwawa za Proteus (Protea akubwerera) ndi mphukira zabodza, masamba abwino ndi mipira yaying'ono "prickly" ya inflorescence.
Protea wamkulu-mutu (Protea coronata).
Kugwiritsa ntchito mapuloteni pazomera zamaluwa
Protea ndi imodzi mwazomera zoyambira bwino kwambiri nyengo yachisanu. Mukayanika ma inflorescence, mitu ya Proteus imasunga mawonekedwe awo bwino ndipo sasintha mtundu. Amatha kuonedwa kuti ndi amodzi mwa maluwa owuma a exotica okhala ndi moyo wautali wautali.
Protea nawonso amawoneka bwino kwambiri m'malo apamwamba. Popeza kusintha kwa madzi pafupipafupi ndi kuunikira kwabwino, mawonekedwe ake inflorescence amatha kuyimirira kuposa maluwa ena onse. Masiku ano, chomera ichi chimadziwika kuti ndi chimodzi mwazithunzi zokongola kwambiri zaukwati. Ubwino wosakayika wa Proteus ndi kuthekera kopanga nyimbo zomwe zimapangidwa ngati mphatso kwa amuna.
Njira Ya Kukula kwa Proteus
Monga mbewu yosatha, Proteus ikhoza kumalimidwa pokhapokha nthawi yozizira imakhalako. Pakati panjira, izi sizimadzala dothi lotseguka, ngakhale pachaka. Njira yokhayo ndikukula Proteus mkati ndi mkati mwazanyengo. M'nyumba, pansi pa nyengo yozizira, Proteus imatha kusungidwa chaka ndi chaka. Ndipo ngati palibe mwayi wakonza nyengo yabwino yozizira, ndiye kuti mu chikhalidwe cha chipinda, Proteus atha kukhala ngati chilimwe, kuyiponya itatha maluwa.
Zofunikira zomera ndi magawo osamalira sizisiyanasiyana kuti Proteus akukula ngati chomera, komanso azimayi okongola omwe akukula m'munda wachisanu.
Mchamba wa Proteus.
Kuyatsa kwa Proteus
Protea ndi chomera chachikulu. Koma pa mitundu ya inflorescences, kuwala kwamatoni, kuwala kwamphamvu kwa dzuwa kumakhudza. Chifukwa chake, kwa Proteus muwosungira kapena chipinda, muyenera kusankha malo owala, koma omwazikana. Pakutulutsa kwa exotic iyi, kukhazikika kwa kuyatsa ndikofunikira: pamasiku amitambo komanso nthawi yachisanu, mbewuyo imalimbikitsidwa kuti iunikidwe ndi ma phytolamp apadera (kapena nyali za fluorescent).
Kutentha kosangalatsa
Mapuloteni ndi chikhalidwe cha thermophilic. Ndipo ndikumverera kwawo kwambiri kuti kudumpha mumikhalidwe, kufunikira kokula pamatenthedwe otentha omwe sawalola kukula m'nthaka, monga chilimwe ndi nyengo yachidule. M'miyezi yotentha, kuyambira kasupe mpaka pakati pa nthawi yophukira, mapuloteni amafunika kutentha kuchokera ku 20 degrees Celsius (mkati mwa kutentha kwa chipinda kapena kutentha kwambiri).
Ulamuliro wachisanu wozizira wa mapuloteni uyenera kupereka kuchepa kwambiri kwa kutentha kwa mpweya. Mapuloteni amayenera kuzizira nyengo yozizira, kutentha osachepera kutentha kwa 5, komanso osapitirira madigiri 10. Popanda kuzizira nyengo yabwino, mapuloteni sadzaphukanso ndipo chomera ndichosavuta kutaya, ndikuchotsa mbande zatsopano.
Kwa Proteus, sikuti boma la kutentha limangofunika, komanso mpweya wabwino. Chomera sichingathe kukula ndi mpweya wofowoka, chimafunikira mpweya wowonjezereka komanso mpweya wabwino mchipindacho. Proteus saopa kukonzekera, chomera sichingatengeke kupita kumalo abwino mkati mwanjira yapakati (kupatula khonde lowoneka bwino kapena loggia, malo owala).
Tsamba la Protea laurel (Protea laurifolia).
Kuthirira ndi chinyezi
Kutsirira kumatha kutchedwa kovuta kwambiri posamalira mapuloteni. Chomerachi chimakonda kuthilira dothi ndipo sichimathirira madzi okwanira. Njira za Proteus ziyenera kukhala zochedwa. Ndikofunika kuchita pafupipafupi, koma kuchepa kuthirira, kuposa kumadzaza nthaka ndi chinyezi. Koma kulekerera kwanyengo ya proteina, komwe kumawonekera m'nthaka m'madera okhala ndi nyengo yotentha, pafupifupi kutaya kwathunthu chikhalidwe chamkati. Ndikosatheka kulola matope kuti aume kaye, ndikungolola dothi kuti lisaume komanso pang'ono. Ulamuliro wachisanu wothirira samatha kumatchedwa kuchepa: umangothirira mapuloteni pamalo osachepera kamodzi pamwezi.
Muyenera kuyandikira kusankha madzi osirira. Madzi ofewa komanso acidified okha ndi omwe ali ndi proteina, pomwe ma dontho ochepa a mandimu kapena asidi a citric amawonjezerapo kumapeto kwa mpeni.
Khalidwe limodzi labwino kwambiri la proteina yopanda chidwi ndi kukonda mpweya wouma. Chomera ichi sichingofunika kupopera mbewu mankhwalawo, komanso kunyentchera kwa mlengalenga sikungakhudze chidwi cha inflorescence komanso. Komanso, Proteus amakonda mpweya wotentha ndipo samawopa kuyikidwa pafupi ndi zida zamagetsi.
Zomera za Proteus
Feteleza wa mbewuyi sikofunikira, kupatula njira zosowa zomwe cholinga chake ndi kubwezeretsanso nthaka. Powonjezera theka la muyezo wa feteleza wa ma Rhododendrons kapena azaleas m'madzi okuthirira kamodzi pakatha miyezi 1-1.5, mutha kukhalabe ndi chikhalidwe chokhazikika pamtunda ndikuwonjezera ndi madzi acidified. Pali njira zina:
- mu yogwira nthawi ya chitukuko, mapuloteni amadyetsedwa katatu kuchuluka kwa feteleza wa nayitrogeni kapena zosakaniza zapadera za azaleas pafupipafupi 1 nthawi pamwezi;
- kudyetsa kachitidwe kumalowedwa m'malo ndi kuyambitsa gawo lochuluka la feteleza kumayambiriro kwa mwezi, mwezi ukatha ndikuwonjezera ndikudyanso wina maluwa atayamba.
Proteus sangathe kulekerera michere yochulukirapo: amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochita dothi lonyansa ndipo zokonda zake sizisintha mu wowonjezera kutentha kapena chikhalidwe chachipinda.
Protea artichoke (Protea cynaroides).
Kudulira kwa Proteus
Kudulira njira monga izi kwa mbewu sikuchitika. Koma mutatha maluwa, muyenera kudula inflorescence nokha ndikufupikitsa mphukira ndi 5-10 cm.
Ngati mapuloteni amakula mwamphamvu, nthambi zake zimafupikitsidwa ndi kotala mpaka gawo limodzi mwa magawo atatu a kutalika kwa nthawi ya masika (isanakidwe).
Thirani ndi gawo lapansi
Mapuloteni amafunika kumuika pafupipafupi. Zomera zazing'ono zopanda maluwa zimasinthidwa chaka chilichonse, m'mawu akale. Kumayambiriro kwa kasupe, amasintha kukula kukhala yayikulu ndikusungira mtanda wonse wamatope kupatula gawo lazowonongeka lakumtunda. Mapuloteni akuluakulu omwe amatulutsa maluwa akuluakulu amafunika kuziika pokhapokha mbewuyo ikadzaza mizu ndi dothi.
Kuthekera kwa mapuloteni amasankhidwa monga momwe amathandizira ambiri. Chikhalidwe ichi ndichabwino kwambiri kwa maluwa osaya komanso maluwa.
Dothi la proteina liyenera kusankhidwa mosamala kwambiri. Chomera, chozolowera chilengedwe chouma komanso chonyansa, m'chipinda komanso chikhalidwe cha wowonjezera kutentha sikuyenera kukula mu gawo wamba. Makamaka mapuloteni, malo osakanikirana okhala ndi peat yamahatchi, singano za paini ndi mchenga kapena gawo lokonzekera lopangidwa ndi ma rhododendrons ndi azaleas ndiloyenera. Zofunikira m'nthaka ndi kukhetsa, mawonekedwe oyipa ndi momwe asidi amachitikira (pH kuyambira 5.0 mpaka 5.5).
Matenda ndi tizirombo
Protea, ngakhale mu wowonjezera kutentha, ndipo osati mchipinda chokha sichimadwaladwala. Chomera chimatha kudwala:
- mochedwa choipitsa, chomwe chiri bwino kulimbana ndi fungicides;
- chlorosis imayamba chifukwa chosankha madzi osavomerezeka.
Maluwa a Proteus.
Kubalana kwa Proteus
Kupeza Proteus yatsopano komanso kudzilitsa nokha izi zimafuna kulimbikira ndi kupirira. Chowonadi ndi chakuti mbewu za protea (ndi kukongola zimatha kufalitsidwa ndi iwo zokha) sizipezeka zogulitsa nthawi zambiri, ndipo mbewuyo imaphuka zaka 5-6 mutabzala. Ngati kudikirira sikuli kwa inu - yang'anani mbande zopangidwa ndi Proteus.
Mbewu zofesedwa mu nthawi yapamwamba ya oyendetsa ndege mu Marichi-Epulo. Monga gawo lapansi, ndibwino kugwiritsa ntchito chisakanizo cha peat ndi mchenga molingana. Amangoyikidwa m'manda mozama chofanana mulifupi m'mimba mwake mwa mbewuzo, ndikuphimbidwa ndi dothi lopopera. Sikoyenera kuthirira gawo lapansi mbewu isanabalalike: mutayiphimba ndi dothi, imafunikira kunyowa mosamala ndi botolo lopopera, lomwe limakutidwa ndi galasi kapena filimu ndikuyiyika kutentha komwe kumayambira madigiri 20 mpaka 25 Celsius. Njira yomwe ikamera mphukira ndi yayitali kwambiri: mphukira zoyambirira zimaphuka pambuyo pa masabata 5-6. Njira yokhayo yolimbikitsira kumera ndikumachita kuzizira kozizira. Kwa icho, mbewu zitha kufesedwa mumchenga wonyowa ndikuyika miyezi iwiri pamtunda wa madigiri 7-8 Celsius (firiji yabwino).
Ndikofunika kuti muzichotsa pobzala mbewuzo zikangomera. Masamba 2-3 akaonekera, mapuloteni amafunika kuasungidwa mumtundu uliwonse. Nthawi yonseyi kukula kwa proteina, kuthirira kumachitika mosamala kuti madonthowo asagwere okha, ndipo gawo lapansi limangokhala lonyowa (koma silimauma).
Kuchulukitsa, njira yodulira imalimbikitsidwa kwa Proteus: kudula kwa tsinde mpaka 10cm kutalika kwa mizere, kumayalidwa ndi kuyatsidwa kwabwino ndikubzala mu gawo lapansi lonyowa.
