Brugmansia ndi ya mtundu Datura. Kutengera mtunduwu, imatha kumera ngati chitsamba, kapena mwina mtengo wamtali, nthawi zambiri imakulidwa mumiphika yayikulu. Chifukwa chiyani ali mumphika, osati panja?
Chowonadi ndi chakuti mbewu iyi imagwirizira kuzizira, kotero kuti nthawi yozizira imatha kuzizira ndi phompho. Ponena za maluwawo, amatha kutalika masentimita 50, atakhala kuti belu laling'ono limatsitsidwa pansi ndikotambalala m'mbali mwake. Imakhala ndi fungo lokopa. Ndi zonsezi, musaiwale kuti mbewu ndi maluwa ndi poyizoni.
Mitundu ya Brugmansia ndi mitundu
Brugmansia onunkhira (onunkhira) Imakula msanga ndipo nthambi bwino. Ma inflorescence ndi oyera ndi mitsempha yaiwisi, ndi pinki m'minda.
Brugmansia golide kapena wachikasuimafika mpaka 6 metres. Ili ndi chikasu, chowoneka ngati belu, lotseguka lotseguka. Masamba ndi akulu, ofewa komanso pang'ono pansi.
Brugmansia yoyera imamera momwemo mtengo wocheperako wokhala ndi mphukira zotsika pang'ono. Ili ndi masamba osalala, opindika. Maluwa amakhala oyera (nthawi zina achikasu ndi ma apricot shades).
Brugmansia magazi ofiira mtengo wamtali kwambiri, wachilengedwe wofika mpaka 12 metres. Imakhala ndi maluwa owoneka bwino kwambiri a malalanje omwe ali ndi timawonekedwe achikasu ndimakaso ofiira. Mtundu uwu wa brugmansia umagwirizana kwambiri ndi nyengo yachisanu, koma, kuli bwinoko kubisalira m'nyumba (makamaka zitsanzo zachinyamata zomwe zikadakula).
Brugmansia mosagated (mitundu yambiri) Mtunduwu umasiyana ndi ena mumaluwa akuluakulu amchere, omwe nthawi zina amatha kufikira theka la mita. Zomwe zimapangidwa, monga zina zonse,, zimapangidwa ndi belu la tubular.
Brugmansia treel mitundu yotchuka kwambiri, ili ndi mitundu yambiri yomwe idapangidwa pamaziko ake. Mwachilengedwe, imamera ngati mtengo wa 4-5 metres, ngakhale pali zoyerekeza zazing'ono (mpaka 1.5-2 mita). Pakati pawo pali mitundu yokhala ndi maluwa a terry kapena aatali okhala ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana.
Brugmansia kubzala kunja ndi chisamaliro
M'nyengo yotentha, Brugmansia imabzalidwe pamalo otseguka, koma pafupi ndi chisanu, iyenera kukumbidwanso ndikuyibweretsa m'chipindacho.
Kusankha malo abwino kwambiri okulitsa bwino maluwa kudzakhala chinsinsi cha maluwa ataliatali komanso okongola komanso kukula kwambiri. Brugmansia atakhala m'nyumba kwa nthawi yayitali, adzafunika nthawi kuti azolowere.
M'masiku ochepa okhala mutakhala mumsewu, muyenera kusankha malo ometa, pambuyo pake mutha kuyiyika bwino (ndikuyenera kuti isungunuke kuchokera ku dzuwa lotentha), koma osati mphepo zamdimba, paki, malo otetezedwa ndi zina zambiri.
Kuthirira Brugmansia
Kutsirira ndi gawo lofunika pakusamalira mbewu. M'chilimwe, kuthirira kuyenera kukhala tsiku ndi tsiku, ndipo kawiri patsiku lotentha. Chosiyana ndi masiku omwe mvula imagwa. Pazonse, onetsetsani kuti dothi lomwe lili mumphika silipwa.
Kuphatikiza pa kuthirira, kupopera mbewu mankhwalanso ndikofunikira. Koma musalole chinyezi kupitilira masamba otseguka.
Feteleza wa Brugmansia
Kwa maluwa ambiri komanso aatali, musaiwale za feteleza. Feteleza amawonjezeredwa ndi madzi nthawi yothirira, osaposa nthawi 1-2 pa sabata, kuyambira kumapeto kwa chilimwe mpaka kumapeto kwa chilimwe. Nthawi yamaluwa, zigawo za potaziyamu ndi phosphorous zimakhala zopindulitsa.
Kukonza Brugmansia kwa dzinja
Kudulira kwa Brugmansia kumachitika mozungulira mwezi wa March, masamba ndi nthambi zowonongeka zikachotsedwa ndipo mphukira zimafupikitsidwa pang'ono.
Kupanga kwa dothi pansi pa brugmansia mumiphika
Dothi lodzala liyenera kukhala lopepuka komanso lachonde: loam, kompositi kapena humus ndi peat (1: 1: 2). Asanaikidwe, dothi limathiridwa ndi madzi ndikuwunika kwa potaziyamu permanganate. Musaiwale za dongo lamadzi pansi pake.
Kupatsira Brugmansia
Ndikofunikira kusinthira chomera chachaka pachaka. Nthawi yomweyo, kusintha mphika kukhala wina wokulirapo (2-3 cm zambiri). Mukamasankha zofunikira, pulasitiki (yokhala ndi mabowo pansi pake) imakondedwa kuposa dongo. Miphika siyenera kukhala yocheperako, monga nthaka imagwera pansi mwachangu, yomwe imadzaza ndi masamba.
Brugmansia nyengo yachisanu
Kusiya nyengo yachisanu kumatanthauza kutentha, popeza Balimbmansia imawopa chisanu, imalowetsedwa m'chipindacho. Potere, ikhoza kupitilira maluwa. Nthawi yopumula yamtunduwu sakutchulidwa, chifukwa chake, ngati mikhalidwe yomangidwa ili yabwino, ndiye kuti maluwa atha kukhala nthawi yonse yozizira. Mwachitsanzo, mudzafunika kuwunikira kowonjezereka, popeza kumayamba kuda nyengo yachisanu.
Njira yothirira ikhoza kusamalidwa ngati mukukhalanso kutentha m'nyumba. Ngati kutentha kwa chipindacho kuli kotsika (5-10 ° C), ndiye kuti kuthirira kuyenera kuchepetsedwa. Ngati kuunikira kumakhala kosadetsa, mwina, pamenepa masamba adzagwa, koma pafupi ndi nthawi yophukira masamba ayamba kuwonekera ndikuwonjezera kowonjezera kukufunika.
Kulima mbewu ya Brugmansia
Osati njira yodalirika yakuberekera, popeza sizotsimikizika kuti mbewu yobzalidwa kuchokera kumbewu imakhala yamtundu womwewo (cholowa sichisungidwa). Komabe njirayi ili ndi malo.
Kubzala kumachitika pakadutsa nthawi ya Januware mpaka Marichi, ndikuwala pang'ono, njerezo zimakonkhedwa pamwamba ndi nthaka yofananira 1-2 cm, yothira ndikuphimba ndi galasi kapena filimu. Ulamuliro wa kutentha umayendetsedwa mkati mwa 20-25 ° C, pansi pa kuwala kowala koma komwe kumwazikana.
Pakatha milungu iwiri, mutha kuwona mphukira yoyamba, kenako galasi (kanema) litachotsedwa. Ndikofunikira kuonetsetsa chinyezi chokwanira (kupopera mbewuzi kawiri pa tsiku), popewa kugwetsa nthaka. Pokhapokha masamba 4-5 atawonekera pa mphukira ndi pomwe mungayambe kumuyika mumphika wina.
Komabe pano sindiwo “nyumba” yomaliza ya duwa. Pokhapokha mizu ikadzaza poto yonse (umboni wa mizu yodalirika), ikhoza kuikidwa mu mphika wokhazikika.
Kufalitsa kwa Brugmansia podulidwa
Kufalitsa zodulidwa ndi njira yodalirika komanso yofala kwambiri pofalitsa. Kuti muchite izi, kumapeto kwa kasupe (koyambirira kwa chilimwe), mphukira zatsopano zimatengedwa zomwe zimakhala ndi apical bud, ndipo zimadulidwa kutalika kwa 20-25 cm (masamba am'munsi amachotsedwa).
Amathira madzi, atatha kuwonjezera makala pamenepo, masamba amathiridwa kuti asafafanizike, kuphimba ndi botolo la pulasitiki kapena mtsuko ndikutsukidwa pamalo owala, ofunda (osachepera 20 ° C).
Mizu yake ikakhala pafupifupi 5 cm, zodulidwazo zitha kuziika mosavomerezeka ndikutsikira mu magawo okhala ndi gawo lokonzekera: peat, perlite, mchenga (2: 1: 1). Pambuyo pa masabata awiri ndi atatu, kuzika kwamizu kumachitika ndipo mbewuyo imasamutsidwira mumphika wokhazikika.
Matenda ndi tizirombo ta Brugmansia
- Whitefly, kangaude mite, imvi zowola Zomwe zimayambitsa maonekedwe zimatha kukhala nkhawa kuchokera pakusintha kwakanema mu boma la chisamaliro ndi kukonza. Mwachitsanzo, chomera chogulidwa chokha sichikuyenera kuikidwa nthawi yomweyo, ngakhale mutakhala ndi mphika wokongola kwambiri womwe ungagwiritse ntchito mkati mwazonse. Osati kale sabata ziwiri, mutha kuchita izi. Chithandizo: Topaz amathandizira kuti muchepetse zowola za imvi, Actellik adzakuthandizani kuti muchotse zowola zoyera, ndipo Fitoverm kapena Agravertin athandizire kuchotsa nkhupakupa.
- Masamba achichepere amasanduka achikasu ndikugwa - njala ya nayitrogeni. Ikani m'nthaka feteleza wosowa.
- Mitundu yonse yamabala imawonekera pamasamba., zopindika, madera opepuka, m'mphepete mopindika, zimayamba kupindika, kukula kwa mbewu kumayimilira - chotupa cha ma virus. Ndikwabwino kuchotsa chomera chimenecho chisanapatsire anzawo.
