Ma nsabwe (Aphidinea) amadziwa pafupifupi aliyense amene amakulitsa. Ndiwocheperako kukula komanso utoto wobiriwira, koma pali mitundu yomwe imakhala ndi chikaso kapena chakuda. Aphid ndi nthumwi ya banja la Equidae, ndipo padziko lapansi pali mitundu yopitilira 4,000 ya tizilombo. Chifukwa chake, ku Europe kuli mitundu yopitilira 1 miliyoni.
Thupi la kachilomboka ndi lofewa ndipo kutalika kwake kumachokera hafu ya millimeter mpaka awiri. Pali nsabwe za m'mapiko zopanda mapiko komanso zopanda mapiko. Koma posiyana maonekedwe ndi kukula kwake, ali ndi kufanana. Chifukwa chake, njira zakuthana ndi nsabwe zamtundu uliwonse ndizofanana ndi kuwonongeka kwa mbewu. Koma pali mitundu ya ma aphid yomwe imangokhala pa duwa linalake. Komabe, pali tizirombo tomwe timatha kukhala pafupifupi mitundu yonse yazomera.
Zitha kuvulaza nsabwe za m'masamba
Tizilombo timene timadya timadziti, kumayamwa kuchokera kumaluwa ofunikira, ndipo nthawi zambiri mphukira zazing'ono zimavutika nazo. Zikatero kuti nsabwe za m'mimba zikhale zazikulu kwambiri, ndiye kuti zimatha kuyipitsa. Zotsatira zake, duwa lamkati limatha kufooka kwambiri ngakhale kufa. Kuchulukitsa kwa tizilombo zovulaza kumeneku kumawonedwa nthawi yamapeto-nthawi yachilimwe yokha.
Zachidziwikire, mutha kuthana ndi mbewu zam'makomo mosavuta pogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ophera tizilombo. Koma ndizowopsa chifukwa zimachulukana mofulumira kwambiri. Chifukwa chake, munthu wamkulu amatha kuyikira mphutsi 150 kawiri pa mwezi. Tizilombo timeneti titha kuvulaza maluwa am'nyumba, fuchsias ndi petunias. Komabe, sakhazikika paz kanjedza, chifukwa amakhala ndi masamba olimba.
Ma aphid akakhazikika pachomera, kenako masamba ake amayamba kupindika ndikukhala wachikasu. Mphukira nthawi zambiri zimagwa, ndipo ngati zimaphuka, maluwa nthawi zambiri amakhala otsika.
Komanso tizirombo toyambitsa matenda ndi owopsa pamaluwa amkati chifukwa amatha kukhala onyamula matenda osiyanasiyana ama virus. Ndipo ngati mungaganizire kuti chifukwa cha nsabwe za m'masamba, mbewuzo zimafooka kwambiri, chifukwa cha izi, zimayamba kukhala zopanda chitetezo pamatendawa.
Kodi zimatenga bwanji kachilombo?
Ma aphid atasowa chakudya (ndikuwonongeka kwakukulu kwa duwa lomwe limabweretsa), mitundu yake yamapiko imapangidwa.
Pazomera zapakhomo, nsabwe za m'masamba zimatha kuoneka zitatengedwa kupita kumlengalenga (pa khonde, m'munda, ndi zina). Komanso tizirombo tiziwuluka mu chipinda kudzera pawindo lotseguka, mwachitsanzo, pakapumira mpweya. Mkazi wamapiko akapeza duwa losavomerezeka, limakhala pamenepo ndikuyamba kubereka. Ndizoyenera kuganizira kuti ngakhale maluwa onunkhira bwino amatha kukhala matenda.
Momwe mungamvetsetse kuti mbewu ili ndi kachilombo
Izi tizirombo mu moyo wathu amapanga chinthu chotsekemera. Nyerere zimakonda kwambiri. Chifukwa chake, pafupi ndi mbewu zomwe zimakhudzidwa ndi nsabwe za m'masamba, pali nyerere zambiri. Koma nyerere sizidya madzi awa, koma zimatetezedwa ndikuyendera (ndizosowa kwambiri) kuchokera ku maluwa kupita kwina. Ngati muwona malo otambalala pa masamba, ndiye kuti muyenera kupenda maluwa bwino. Makamaka yang'anani mosamala masamba amphukira ndi masamba a nsabwe za m'masamba pa iwo. Kumbukirani kuti nyerere zikaonekera pafupi ndi chomeracho, zikuyenera kukuwonetsani za kuopsa.
Ngati madontho akuwoneka kuti masamba akuoneka kuti ndi amtundu wobiriwira kapena woyera, ndiye kuti ayenera kuyesedwa bwino. Galasi yokulitsa ikhoza kukuthandizani ndi izi. Ngati, pakati pa tizilombo tina, mukuwona mapiko, ndiye kuti dziwani kuti mbewuyo yakhudzidwa kwambiri.
Njira zotsogolera
Kukhala kosavuta kuchotsa nsabwe za m'masamba zomwe zimakhala pachomera chanyumba, pokhapokha ngati sizinaberekane kwambiri.
Pakakhala kuti chomera chimodzi chokhala ndi masamba akuluakulu kachilombo, ndiye kuti tizilombo titha kuzilamulira. Mumangofunika kuchotsa tizirombo, ndi kutsuka masamba ndi nsalu yotiririka m'madzi a soapy. Ngati pali mphukira kapena masamba omwe avutika kwambiri, ndiye kuti ndi bwino kuwadula.
Ngati pali mbewu zambiri zamkati, zonsezo popanda kupatula ziyenera kutsanuliridwa ndi mankhwala apadera. Ndipo ngakhale, mwachitsanzo, maluwa onse atakulungidwa ndi nsabwe za m'masamba, ndipo mafupa a pelargonium sanakhudzidwe, onse ayenera kuyendetsedwa. Izi ndichifukwa choti nsabwe za m'masamba zimatha kukhala pazomera zopanda thanzi, ndipo zochita za tizirombo zitatha, bwereraninso maluwa.
Tizilombo tating'onoting'ono timatha kuyang'aniridwa ndi mankhwala ambiri, koma tiyenera kukumbukira kuti amatha kuyamba kulimbana ndi mankhwala omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kale. Pankhaniyi, ngakhale zitakhala kuti 2 chithandizo chathiracho sichitha kutha, ndiye kuti muyenera kusintha tizilombo kuti mukhale wina.
Nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito polimbana ndi nsabwe za m'masamba: Fitoverm, Neoron, Actellik ndi Intavir. Komanso, imatha kumenyedwa ndi ma pyrethroid opanga, mwachitsanzo: Decis, Karate, Inta-Vir ndi Cypermethrin, komanso ena. Ndalamazi ndizochepa poizoni komanso sizisintha.
Asanapitirire ndi mankhwalawa ndi mankhwala ophera tizilombo, alimi odziwa bwino amalangizidwa kuti azikongoletsa duwa kuti lisambitse ofunda. Chifukwa chake, nkhondoyi ipambana kwambiri, chifukwa mumachotsa tizilombo tambiri masamba.
Kupewa matenda
M'malo pamene nsabwe za m'masamba zimapezeka zazing'ono mchipinda chamaluwa ndipo mulibe mankhwala omata, njira zodzitchinjiriza zitha kugawidwa. Mwakutero:
- Mutha kuthira mbewuzo ndi ma infusions opangidwa kuchokera ku: chowawa, adyo, sophora, celandine, fodya, anyezi, masamba a phwetekere, tansy, komanso marigold.
- Mutha kugwiritsa ntchito yankho la sopo wothira phulusa pang'onopang'ono.
- Phimbani dothi ndi thumba la polyethylene ndikusamba maluwa onse ndikuthira sopo wobiriwira wa potaziyamu.
Momwe mungathane ndi nsabwe za m'masamba - Video
