Adonis - wokonda Venus

Mabukuwa adanenanso mobwerezabwereza za nthano yokongola ya chomera cha adonis, chomwe dzina lake lachilatini ndi adonis. Nthanoyi inali yotchuka kwambiri ku Girisi wakale, koma idatchuka kwambiri mu Renaissance, pomwe zojambula zambiri ndi zojambula zambiri zidapangidwa pazolingalira za nthano ya Venus ndi Adonis.. Nthano ya Adonis imadziwika bwino kwambiri mu Ovid's Metamorphoses. Malinga ndi mtundu wina wa nthanoyi, a Venus adakwiya ndi mkazi wa mfumu ya ku Kupro yotchedwa Kimir chifukwa chomunyoza ndipo adalimbikitsa mwana wawo wamkazi kukonda bambo ake. Amfumu, osayikira chowonadi ndikugonjera mayeserowo, adalowa muubwenzi ndi Mirra, koma atazindikira chowonadi, adachitemberera. Milungu inasandutsa tsokalo kukhala mtengo wa mule, ndi msuzi wamtengo wapatali wotsekemera kuchokera mabala. Kuchokera pachitsamba chosokonekera mwana amabadwa, yemwe amatchedwa Adonis. Mnyamatayo anali wokongola modabwitsa. Venus adampatsa kuti alere Persephone, mkazi wa mulungu wa kumanda wa Hade, kuti mwana akadzakula adzabweranso kwa iye. Koma, nthawi yoikika itakwana, Persephone sanafune kudzipatula. Zeus mwiniyo adayenera kukhala woweruza pamkangano uwu, yemwe adaganiza kuti m'chilimwe Adonis azikhala padziko lapansi ndi Venus, ndipo nthawi yachisanu azibwerera mobisa ndi Persephone. Wosangalatsa Venus adayendayenda munkhalango ndi Adonis, kum'pempha kuti asatenge zoopsa komanso kuti asasaka nyama zoyipa - zimbalangondo ndi nkhumba. Koma kamodzi Adonis adapita kukasaka yekha ndi kumwalira ndi nkhonya zamtchire. Venus analira wokondedwa wakeyo, ndikumusintha kukhala duwa, akuwaza timadzi tokhatira pamagazi a mnyamatayo.

Mtundu wa Adonis, kapena Adonis, umakhala ndi mitundu pafupifupi 45 yosatha komanso yapachaka. Ndipo lolani mtundu wa corolla m'mitundu yambiri siikhala wofiyira wamagazi, onsewa, pomvetsetsa zamanjenje, ndi abale a "maluwa a Adonis". Oimira mtunduwo amakhala m'madambo komanso m'mapiriakukwera mpaka 4500 m pamwamba pamadzi. Chifukwa chakukhala m'malo akutali, mitundu yambiri ilipobe mpaka pano yosamveka bwino. Choyamba, ndi Adonis vernalis (Adonis vernalis), adonis. Chomera ichi ndi mapazi a gawo la ku Europe la Russia, Crimea, Ciscaucasia, Siberia, komanso Central ndi Southern Europe. Adonis vernalis ndi gawo la maimidwe opondaponda ndi mapilo opondapo. Ichi ndi chimodzi mwazomera zokongola kwambiri, zomwe maluwa ake akuyaka ndi golide, ukufalikira kumapeto kwa Epulo ndikutha maluwa kumapeto kwa Meyi ndi kumayambiriro kwa Juni. Masamba otsika amakhala opindika, ooneka ngati mapesi, ndipo mapesi ndi sessile, nthawi zambiri olekanitsidwa. Duwa lalikulu mpaka masentimita 6 mulifupi, lophatikizika ndi chikasu cha 15-20 chaulere, chamtengo wapatali chothandizidwa ndi manda asanu a pubescent, ili pamwamba pa tsinde. Pali ma stamens ambiri ndi ma pistil. Kutalika kwa maluwa kutalika ndi 10-15 masentimita, kuphatikiza, masentimita 40-60. Zipatso zokutidwa ndi mphuno yozikika zimacha mu Julayi. Asakanizidwa zipatso kuchokera ku mtedza wambiri wowuma - mizere yambiri.

Adonis kasupe ku Europe adayambitsa chikhalidwe. Pali mitundu yaminda.

Kusamalira ndi kubereka

Ma adonises onse amakula pang'onopang'ono ndipo amakhudzidwa kwambiri ndikusintha. Dothi liyenera kukhala lotayirira komanso lonyowa. Kupanga masamba kumayikidwa zaka 2-4 zisanachitike, choncho muyenera kudula chomera mosamala, osamala kuti musawononge impso.

Kufalikira kwa mbewu ndi kugawikana kwa chitsamba. Kubzala kuchitika mu Ogasiti - koyambirira kwa Seputembala, kuti isanayambe chisanu, mbewu zimatha kumera bwino.

Kugawika ndi kufalikira kwa adonises sikuyenera kuchitika osadutsa zaka 4-5 zaulimi, malo amodzi osasinthika ma adonises amakula bwino mpaka zaka 10. Njira yabwino ndiyoti ndikulande mbewu ndi dothi lapansi, osasokoneza mizu, amakula pang'onopang'ono, osavomerezeka kuti agawike m'magawo ang'onoang'ono. M'chaka choyamba mutabzala, mbewu pachimake ndikukula bwino, maluwa abwinobwino amapezeka chaka chachiwiri. Kubalana kwa adonises osatha ndi mbewu ndikovuta, popeza amatulutsa kochepa, kuphatikiza, mbali ina ya mbewu imamera mchaka chachiwiri. Kufesa mbewu, makamaka peeled, ziyenera kuchitika mukangotola. Mpaka nthawi yozizira, mabokosi okhala ndi mbewu ayenera kusungidwa m'chipinda chozizira, kenako ndikakumbidwa mu chisanu. Ndikothekanso kusungitsa nthanga munthaka pang'ono pofinyira mpaka kumayambiriro kwa kasupe, ndikutsatiridwa ndi kumera mu greenhouse pamadigiri 18-22. Zomera zazing'ono zimamera pang'onopang'ono, zimatha kukula kwathunthu kwa zaka 4-5.

Gwiritsani ntchito

Ma adonise osatha ndi osayenera kudula, koma ndi othandiza kwambiri m'mabowo a gulu kapena pakati pa zitsamba zomwe sizabzalidwe kawirikawiri. Mukabzala, zimayenera kupezeka pafupi ndi njira, zimakhala bwino pamapiri amwala kuchokera kummawa ndi kumadzulo. Zopangira zamtengo wapatali zamankhwala - kale m'zaka za XIV zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ngati mankhwala achikhalidwe cha anthu akhunyu, matenda osiyanasiyana a mtima ndi impso.

Mitundu

Golden Adonis (Adonis chrysocyathus) - Chimodzi mwazomera zosowa ku Central Asia. Mtengo wa herbaceous osatha ndi chomera chamtengo wapatali chamankhwala komanso chokongoletsera chomwe chimapezeka pa Tien Shan, ku Kashmir, Western Tibet, pomwe makatani a adonis amapanga malo owala achikasu owoneka bwino pamiyala yamapiri. Kuwala kwachikaso kumawonekera kwambiri potengera chipale chofewa chomwe sichinasungunuke komanso thambo lamtambo wa mgambo. Madera ochepa chabe amtunduwu amadziwika, ndipo kuchuluka kwa anthu kumakhala kocheperako komanso kosachepera chifukwa cha kulowererapo kwa anthu. Gawo la mlengalenga limayimiriridwa ndi gulu limodzi kapena gulu la mphukira wa nusu-rosette, kuchuluka kwake ndi kukula kwake komwe kumadalira zaka. Chifukwa chake, munthu wazaka zapakati amakhala ndi ma rosette 30 okhala ndi kutalika kwa masentimita 45-50. Wowombera, monga lamulo, wokhala ndi duwa limodzi lalikulu lalikulu lowoneka bwino. Mphukirayo ndiofanana ndi kutalika kapena kukwera pang'ono kuposa kutalika kwa masamba a rosette.

Adonis Turkestan (Adonis turkestanicus) - imodzi mwazomera zofunikira zamankhwala ku Central Asia - mliri wa Pamir-Alai. Gawo lalikulu la malo ake limalumikizana ndi mapiri a Gissaro-Darvaz, pomwe amatha kupanga timitengo tosungunuka mu juniper ndi tragacanthus pamtunda wamtunda wa 2000-3500 m pamwamba pa nyanja. Nkhokwe zoyera kwambiri zimadziwika m'malo omwe kale anali oweta ng'ombe. Izi zikuwonetsa mkhalidwe wabwino wa mbewu m'nthaka yachilengedwe. Turkestan Adonis koyambirira kwa maluwa ali ndi kutalika kwa 10-20 masentimita, ndipo zipatso zikacha mpaka 70. Chomera chonse chimakutidwa ndi tsitsi lopotana. Maluwa kumapeto kwa mphukira ndi amodzi, 4-6 masentimita, perianth ndi iwiri, nthawi zonse, imakhala ndi corolla ndi calyx. Mbale zamtundu wachikasu-lalanje, zonyezimira kunsi. Chizindikiro cha mtunduwu ndikuti nthawi yomweyo chomera chimakhala ndi masamba atsopano, otsegula maluwa ndikuyika mbewu. Popeza mphukira iliyonse imakhala ndi mphukira yam'mbali yoyamba, yachiwiri, yachitatu, ndipo nthawi zina yachinayi, imatha kukhala ndi maluwa pafupifupi 250. Maluwa amawonekera koyamba pamphepete mwa dongosolo loyamba. Zomera zikamakula, maluwa amatuluka pamagawo achimaso, lachitatu, komwe kumatsimikizira kutalika kwa maluwa ndi zipatso. Kutalika kwakutali kotere ndikusinthika kofunikira pazovuta za mapiri.

Adonis mongolian (Adonis mongolica) - Chomera chomaliza cha Mongolia. Imapezeka mkati mwa Hangai, m'mapiri ndi mapiri, m'mphepete mwa nkhalango zowirira. Zochuluka kwambiri pamasamba oyendetsa ng'ombe zakale. Chimakula pamtunda wolemera. Mphukira za mbewu ya zaka zapakati ndizambiri (mpaka 20-30 kapena kuposa), zimakhala ndi mphukira wotsatira ndi wachiwiri komanso wachitatu. Masamba oyambira amachepetsedwa. Masamba apakati, mu mphuno zake pomwe mphukira za zotsatirazi zimapangidwa, sessile. Maluwa ndi akulu, 2.5-5 masentimita. Masamba ndi obiriwira opepuka, nthawi zina amakhala ndi tint yofiirira, pubescent yokhala ndi tsitsi laling'ono. Ziphuphu ndizoyera. Mongolia Adonis ndi imodzi mwazomera zoyambirira za masika ku Mongolia. Ndikosavuta kuyerekezera chithunzi chowala komanso chokongola - zipewa za maluwa oyera oyera chipale chofewa pamapeto otsetsereka ndi masamba a bulauni chaka chatha motsutsana ndi kumwamba kowala kwamtambo. Maluwa amayamba mu Epulo-Meyi, ndipo maluwa ambiri kumapeto kwa Meyi, Juni. Yoweyula woyamba wamaluwa amapangidwa ndi maluwa apical a mphukira zazikulu. Amasinthidwa ndi maluwa apical achiwiri, achitatu, ndi zina zotero. Muyenera kuyang'anira chidwi chakuti mbali zonse zikuwombera, mosasamala malo omwe ali kwakukulu, zimatha pamlingo womwewo. Izi zikufotokozera maluwa ambiri, pomwe maluwawo amapanga utoto wamtundu wina wokhala ngati "chipewa" choyera. Utoto wotsatira wamaluwa umapangidwa kuchokera ku maluwa omwe ali panthambi za zotsatirazi. Kuthamanga kwamaluwa kumeneku kumathandizira kuti mbewuyo ikhale yokongoletsa mosiyanasiyana. Ndikofunikira kukumbukira nyengo zakuya za dziko la Mongolia, makamaka madera ake amapiri, pomwe nthawi yakula ikusinthasintha kutentha kutha kuzizira, matalala ndi matalala. Amatuluka maluwa atamasuka. Kukula kwa mphukira kumapitilira mpaka mbewu zitacha. Udzu wa ku Mongolia Adonis umagwiritsa ntchito ngati zinthu zofunikira kupeza mtima wamtengo wapatali glycosides.

Adonis Amur (Adonis amurensis) - masamba osatha ochokera ku Far East, komwe amakulira m'nkhalango za mkungudza. Masamba amaswazidwa pang'onopang'ono pamitengo yayitali, amakula pambuyo kwamaluwa ndi komaliza mpaka Julayi ndi August. Limamasula kuyambira Epulo kwa milungu 2-3. Maluwa ake ndi achikasu a golide, otseguka mpaka 5 cm. Limamasula masamba asanafike. Kutalika kwa mbewu nthawi yamaluwa sikupitirira masentimita 10-15. Zipatso kumapeto kwa Meyi, Juni. Kufalikira ndi mbewu. Kuwombera kumawonekera mchaka chimodzi. Chomera chimayambitsidwa mchikhalidwe. Ku Japan, mitundu yambiri yokongoletsera yomwe ili ndi maluwa awiri oyera, oyera, ofiira, amtundu wofiirira.