Kuyambanso kukongoletsa tsamba lanu, muyenera kudziwa momwe mungatulutsire maluwa, komanso momwe mungasamalire mbewu zobzalidwa. Popeza mbewu zomwe mumabzala, njira yolima ingadalire. Osayesa kubzala maluwa ngati momwe mungathere, chifukwa chaka chilichonse zipatso zimamera mosiyanasiyana, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti adzafunika malo ochulukirapo.
Musanakonze dimba la maluwa, sankhani malo abwino. Nthawi zambiri, imayenera kuyatsidwa bwino komanso kutetezedwa ku mphepo zamphamvu. Osatengera kuti mukufuna kukonza bedi limodzi lalikulu la maluwa kapena kuyika mabedi ang'onoang'ono a maluwa pamalo osankhidwa, ntchito yokonzekera idzakhala yomweyo mulimonse.
Musanatsegule dimba latsamba, pre-sketch papepala zojambula zamalo az maluwa ndi zokongoletsera pamalowo. Onetsetsani kuti mwawonetsera gululi ndi masitepe, mayina a mbewu ndi komwe akupezeka.
Chipangizo cha dimba la maluwa mdziko muno: kusamutsa gululi kuchokera pa pulani kukonzekera chiwembu
Dongosolo lokonzekera dimba la maluwa litapangidwa, nthawi yakwana yoti ayikemo, monga akunenera. Kuti muchite izi, pogwiritsa ntchito ndodo yamtengo, muyenera kusamutsa gululi kuchokera kumalo osankhidwa kupita kumalo osankhidwa, ndikufotokozerani zovuta za mabedi a maluwa amtsogolo. Mukamagwira ntchito, yang'anani mizere m'chigawo chilichonse cha gululi ndi mizere mu selo iliyonse ya gululi yomwe ili pansi. Pangani pepala lomaliza la dimba lirilonse kukhala lomveka bwino ndikuyika chingwe.
Pofuna kukulitsa dimba la maluwa monga momwe tekinolo yolondola ikusonyezera, kusuntha masitepe angapo kapena kukwera, yang'anani kulondola kwa mawonekedwewo ndipo ngati kuli koyenera, pangani zolondola. Pambuyo pake, pukulani pansi m'munda wamaluwa, choyamba dulani dothi pamodzi ndi contour, kenako kukumba mkati mwa bedi la maluwa.
Mukakonza dimba la maluwa ndi manja anu, chotsani mizu yonse m'minda yakale. Pukutani poyambira m'mphepete, kenako ndikukhazikitsa malire. Iyenera kukwera 10-12 masentimita pamwamba pa dziko lapansi.
Musanabzale mbeu kuti muthyole dimba ladzikoli, muyenera kupanga feteleza m'nthaka yabwino. Dothi lolemera, komanso dothi lamchenga ndi la peaty, limafunikira feteleza wachilengedwe ndi michere komanso kuwonjezera kompositi. Zitachitika izi, kukumba pansi kachiwiri, kenako ndikumasuleni.
Zithunzizi zikuwonetsa momwe mungaswe maluwa m'munda:
Momwe mungaswe dimba lamaluwa mdziko muno: kusankha kwa zomera zokongola (zokhala ndi chithunzi)
Sikukwanira kuwona ukadaulo woyenera wokonzera dimba la maluwa - ndikofunikira kudziwa kuti ndi mtundu wanji wa mbewu womwe umasankhidwa bwino kuti ubzale ndi nthawi yayitali yamoyo. Pali magulu atatu akuluakulu - pachaka, ma biennials ndi perennials. Maluwa amayambika pakatha nyengo imodzi mutabzala. Biennials ndi perennials nthawi zambiri zimachita maluwa mchaka chachiwiri.
Pali mitundu yambiri ya mbewu za pachaka pamsika wamakono, chifukwa chake kusankha kumakhala kofunika kwambiri. Zitha kulimidwa mwanjira ya mbande kapena zofesedwa pansi. Mutabzala, mutatha masabata 7-10, mbewu zamaluwa zimayamba. Ena a iwo amatulutsa mpaka nthawi yophukira.
Nthangala zimawonedwanso pachaka, zomwe zimachitika chifukwa cha nyengo ya malo ena sikhala nyengo yachisanu.
Kutalika kwamoyo kumapitilira zaka ziwiri. M'chaka choyamba, amawoneka ngati masamba, ndipo maluwa akutuluka mchaka chachiwiri.
Zosamba, komabe, zitha kunenedwa kuti ndizosavomerezeka kwambiri, popeza zakhala zikukula pamalo amodzi kwa zaka zambiri, popanda kufunsa kusintha kapena kusamalira mtundu uliwonse.
Ziphuphu zanyengo nthawi zambiri zimaphukira chaka chachiwiri kapena chachitatu cha moyo wawo. Zimatha kumera panthaka yopanda, pafupi ndi dziwe pamithunzi, nthawi zambiri mbewu izi zimakongoletsa zitsamba za mapiri.
Kuti muthyola dimba lokongola, monga momwe mudawonera zithunzi zokongola, ndibwino kubzala mbewu zamitundu yambiri limodzi: popeza maluwa onse amatuluka nthawi zosiyanasiyana, bedi lanu lamaluwa limakondweretsa diso lonse nyengo.
Kubwezeretsa mbewu zosatha kumachitika pogwiritsa ntchito mababu, ma tubers, mbewu, kudula, komanso njira yogawa chitsamba. Ngakhale kuti ma perennials ambiri safuna chisamaliro chapadera, njira yapadera ikufunika kuti akule anyezi ndi tuber.
Onani chithunzithunzi momwe mungaswere dimba ladzikoli ndi zomwe zingabzalidwe:
Momwe mungakonzere dimba la maluwa: kubzala mbewu
Ino ndi nthawi yoti mubzale mbewu. Mukakonza dimba ladzuwa mdziko muno, zipatso nthawi zambiri zimabzalidwa m'maluwa mu Meyi, komabe, zokolola zina pachaka zimaphukira bwino ngati mbewuzo zibzalidwa mwachangu pansi, ndipo zikamera - kuzimiririka. Kubzala kumatha kupangidwa nthawi yozizira. Poterepa, mbewu zimafesedwa kumapeto kwa Okutobala kapena kumayambiriro kwa Novembala.
Zomera zamtundu umodzi ziyenera kubzalidwa m'nthaka mu Ogasiti kapena Seputembala (izi zimachitika kuti mbewu zimaphuka mizu mwachangu). Kuphatikiza apo, zibzalidwe kumayambiriro kwamasika.
Kubzala mbewu zosatha m'nthaka kumachitika m'dzinja komanso nthawi yamasika. Chachikulu ndikuti mbewuyo ili ndi nthawi yozika mizu isanakwane chisanu woyamba.
Zambiri za babu zimabzalidwa pabedi la maluwa mwina kumapeto kwa Ogasiti kapena koyambirira kwa Seputembala.
Ngati duwa la maluwa ndilochepa kukula, ndibwino kubzala mbewu za mitundu iwiri kapena itatu momwemo zomwe zimaphatikizana bwino osati mtundu wake, komanso magawo a maluwa, komanso kukhala ndi phindu pa wina ndi mnzake mutakula. Muyenera kuti muthe kusankha maluwa omwe amatulutsa nthawi imodzi, mutha kudzala dimba lamaluwa ndi zitsamba zonunkhira zomwe sizimawoneka bwino ngakhale mulibe maluwa.
Momwe mungaswe dimba lamaluwa patsamba ndi momwe mungasamalire
Pokonzekera kuthyola dimba la maluwa ndi manja anu, muyenera kukumbukira kuti muyenera kuyang'anira nthawi zonse. Choyamba, zimakhudza kuthirira. Zomera zimathiridwa madzi mutabzala, ngakhale dothi lonyowa lokwanira. Zokolola za pachaka zimafunika kuthiriridwa tsiku lililonse mpaka zimazika mizu, kenako tsiku lililonse. Zomera zosatha zimafuna kuthirira pafupipafupi mchaka choyamba, komanso zaka zotsatila - pokhapokha pakakhala chilala.
Kuthirira mbewu ndikofunikira m'mawa kapena madzulo, dzuwa likafika pamwamba patali. Kuthirira masana sikuchitika chifukwa chakuti mbewu zimatha kuwotchedwa, ndipo dothi limatha kusweka.
Kusamalira dimba la maluwa, muyenera kuyeretsa nthawi ndi nthawi kuchokera masamba owuma ndi zimayambira, chotsani inflorescence yakale. Kuphatikiza apo, ndikofunikira kuti udzu nthawi zonse udzu ndikumasulira dothi, kuti ndidyetse kwambiri mbewu. Kuchotsa udzu ndi kumasula ndikofunikira kuti nthaka isasungidwe komanso kuti mpweya usinthane.
Mumasuleni dothi patapita nthawi mvula yambiri kapena kuthirira. Kulima pachaka kumachitika mpaka masentimita 5, zipatso zakuya mpaka masentimita 10. Kuti mupewe kuwononga mizu ya mbewu zazing'ono, dothi pafupi ndi tchire limamasulidwa kuti lisafike masentimita atatu.
Kuvala kwamaluwa ndi maluwa okongoletsera nthawi zambiri kumachitika pogwiritsa ntchito feteleza wa michere ndi michere. Monga feteleza wachilengedwe, njira yothira manyowa am'madzi ndi ndowe za mbalame yothira madzi.
Mukakonza ndi kusunga dimba la maluwa pabanja, feteleza amamuthira m'nthaka youma komanso ngati madzi. Feteleza ngatiyu wakonzedwa kuzinthu izi: 25 g ya ammonium nitrate, 50 g ya superphosphate, 15 g wa feteleza wa potaziyamu (pa 1 m2). Mavalidwe apamwamba amadzimadzi ali ndi mphamvu zambiri, koma kumbukirani: sizovomerezeka kupita pamasamba, komanso mizu ya mbewu.
Kudyetsa pachaka mbewu kumachitika masabata awiri mutabzala, kenako mwezi umodzi. Mbewu zachikale zimafunikira kuthira feteleza katatu pachaka chilichonse. Nthawi yoyamba ikuchitika mu nthawi ya masika, yachiwiri - mbewu zisanaphuke, ndipo chachitatu - kumapeto kwa maluwa.
