Pakati pazomera zokongoletsera komanso zovomerezeka zomwe zimamera pazenera zanyumba, katsitsumzukwa ndimalo apadera. Zomera zolimba izi, zomwe zimakula mwachangu, sizimangokhala ndi zokolola zokha, komanso chifukwa chodzimana nazo modabwitsa. Komabe, okonda nyama zamkati ayenera kuwona momwe posachedwa zobiriwira zobiriwira zimasinthira chikasu ngati phyllocladies ikauma ndikutha.
Kodi chifukwa chamakhalidwe a mbewuyi ndi chiani, ndipo ndi chisamaliro chiti chomera chodwala chomwe chili ndi katsitsumzukwa chingabwezeretse kukongola kwakale?
Samalirani katsitsumzukwa kamene kamayamba kusanduka chikasu kapena kutota
Choyamba, ngakhale zitakhala zovuta bwanji, musagawane ndi wokondedwa wanu. Mukazindikira mwachangu chomwe chayambitsa ndikusintha posamalira, mutha kutsitsimutsa chomera chomwe chilibe chiyembekezo chomwe chataya masamba onse.
Monga momwe masewera amasonyezera, mavuto ambiri ndi omwe amayambitsa vuto kusamalira katswiri kapena kuiwalako mwininyumbayo. Ngakhale chomera cholimba kwambiri, chazolowera kukhala mu mpweya wouma wanyumba, osasinthasintha kapena kuthirira kwambiri, mphika woponderezedwa ndi zovuta zina, zoyambirira kapena zimafunikira chidwi ndi anthu. Asparagus sikuti ndiwosiyana, chikhalidwe chodwala sichichita msanga, koma chimayankha kusasangalala, kusiya kukula ndikusintha chikasu.
Kodi mungatani ngati katswiriyu akoma? Pokhapokha pomupangira zinthu zabwino, mutha kukhala otsimikiza za thanzi komanso kukongola kosalekeza kwa chiweto. Ndipo chomera chomwe chayamba kuuma chidzayambanso kukula. Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kukonza vutolo mwakuwunikira momwe zinthu zokomera mbewu.
Zifukwa zomwe katsitsumzukwa amasanduka achikasu, ndipo "masamba" ake kapena ma phyllocladies amawonekera, mwina ochepa.
Ngati katsabola wagundika chifukwa chosowa chinyezi, zimayambira pouma zimadulidwa ndikuyamba pang'onopang'ono kunyowetsa dothi mumphika. Dothi louma silikwaniritsidwa bwino ndi madzi, motero ndibwino kuti mupange njira zingapo. Nthawi ndi nthawi, gawo lapansi limanyowa mozama mpaka chinyezi chimalowa mu phukusi lonse, ndipo zochulukazo zimalowa mu poto.
Talandira chinyontho chomwe mukufuna, posachedwa mbewuyo ipereka zimayambira zatsopano, ndipo, koposa zonse, musaphwanye dongosolo la kuthirira.
Ndikwabwino ngati dothi lomwe lili pansi pa katsitsumzukwa liuma pakati pa kuthirira, koma osasanduka mwala. Mizu ya mbewuyo imapangidwa mwanjira yoti michere yokwanira ya madzi imadzisonkhana "mumalovu", koma zomerazi zimatha. Kuphatikiza apo, kutsika kwawo kumabweretsa kutha kwa kukula, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti masamba atsopano sangayembekezedwe.
Kuchuluka kwa chinyezi m'nthaka kumakhudzanso asiperesi. M'malo ofunda, otentha, tizilombo, mabakiteriya ndi bowa zimaswana mosavuta, zomwe zimawopseza kuyambanso kwa tizirombo ndi matenda a katsitsumzukwa. Mizu yake yolimba imazungulira, komanso kuti katsitsumzukwa amatembenukira chikasu chifukwa cha matenda.
Chifukwa chake, pochoka, ndikofunikira kwambiri kuganizira chinyezi cha nthaka panthawi yothirira, kutentha kwa mpweya mchipindacho, chifukwa mbewuyo "imamwa" pang'ono kuzizira, komanso nyengo. Monga lamulo, toyesa omwe amatulutsa mphukira zatsopano, kumatulutsa, ndikuyika zipatso amawona kufunikira kwakukulu kwa chinyezi ndi zakudya.
Simuyenera kusiya madzi poto, chifukwa kulumikizana ndi mizu ndi chimodzi mwazomwe zimayambitsa matenda a katsitsumzukwa ndi kukhetsa kwake.
Mpweya wowuma mkati umavulaza mbewu zamkati zambiri, kuphatikizapo mitundu yonse ya katsitsumzukwa. Ngakhale nyengo yachilala m'chilengedwe sichikhala chowononga mbewuyo ngati zida zotenthetsera m'nyumba. Chifukwa chake, ma avalogus amatembenukira chikasu pazenera kapena pafupi ndi mabatire, ngakhale ndi chisamaliro ndikupitilira.
Mutha kuyimitsa njirayo posunthira poto kutali ndi mpweya wotentha, komanso pochititsa manyazi mchipindacho ndi njira zonse zomwe zikupezeka. Izi zidzakhala zothandiza osati kwa duwa lokha, komanso kwa anthu omwe kupuma kwake komanso ma mucous membrane nawonso amauma ndipo amasiya kukana tizilombo ndi chimfine.
Pofunafuna malo a katsitsumzukwa, ndikofunika kukumbukira kuti osati mpweya wotentha wokha, komanso zojambula zake ndizovulaza pamtengowu. Chifukwa chake, mukuganiza kuti chifukwa chiyani katswiriyu amasintha chikasu, muyenera kuwona ngati transom ikuphulika.
Malo abwino kwambiri a katsitsumzukwa m'nyumba ndi mthunzi wosakhalitsa kapena pawindo lamadzuwa, pomwe duwa limatetezedwa kuti lisayende mwachindunji. Ngati zinthu zomwe zidapangidwa zikugwirizana ndi mbewuyo, makulidwe ake amakhala opindika. Pamthunzi, mphukira zokulira, ndi ma phyllocladies amapezeka pa iwo. Pakakhala vuto lowopsa lowala, mwachitsanzo, mumphika umayikidwa kutali ndi zenera, ngakhale ndi chisamaliro choyenera, katsitsumzukwa amatembenukira chikasu ndikutaya masamba ake.
Koma dzuwa lowala si bwenzi labwino kwambiri lazomera. Amasiya kuyaka kubzala, ndikumakhala chifukwa chomwe kupsa kumawuma pakapita masiku. Vutolo limakonzedwanso ndikukonzanso mphika ndikusintha ngati pakufunika kuthirira chiweto chanu chobiriwira.
Nthawi zambiri, mutayang'ana mmera, mutha kudziwa chifukwa chake thanzi lake likusintha, komanso zoyenera kuchita ngati katswiri wa zipatso atoma kutsogolo kwa wolimira maluwa.
Mavalidwe apamwamba ndi dothi latsopano la katsitsumzukwa wodwala
Koma nthawi zina zomwe zimayambitsa matendawa sizodziwikiratu. Kupatula apo, ngakhale olima maluwa odziwa zambiri nthawi zonse saganiza kuti katsitsumzukwa amafunikira mavalidwe apamwamba, ndipo amaiwala kwathunthu kusinthana kwakanthawi kwa mbewu - mbewu yotereyi ndi yolimba komanso yosasamala.
Mizu ya katsitsumzukwa imakhala yotumphukira ndikukula msanga, kotero kumayambiriro kwa kasupe mbewuzi zimasinthidwa kukhala dothi latsopano. Kuphatikiza apo, kwa achinyamata toyesa, ndondomekoyi imachitika bwino kwambiri pachaka, ndipo katsitsumzukwa wamkulu amasamutsira chidebe chatsopano patatha zaka 2-3. Wofesayo atayiwala za kagwiritsidwe kazinyama, mizu ndi ma tubers pomwepo, mbewuyo imayamba kumva kuperewera kwa zakudya ndi chinyezi. Asparagus sangasinthe chikasu ndi kutha posachedwa, koma izi sizingakhudze mawonekedwe ndi maluwawo m'njira yabwino.
Kuyika ndikuthandizanso chifukwa kumathandizira kuzindikira matenda ndi tizirombo pamizu ya katsitsumzukwa komwe sikunadzipangitse kapena kumva kale kuti zimayambira.
Kudyetsa kumachitika kumapeto kwa chirimwe ndi chilimwe, ndipo pano ziyenera kukumbukiridwa kuti katsitsumzukwa amakonda zinthu zakachilengedwe komanso zosakanikirana zomwe zimakhala ndi nayitrogeni, koma kuphatikiza kwa chinthuchi kumatha kusewera nthabwala zoyipa. Chowonjezera cholimbikitsa kubzala kwa msipu mu chomera chimayambitsa kutalika kwa mphukira, ndipo nthawi zina katsitsumzukwa amatembenukira chikasu chifukwa chokwanira feteleza. Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kuti chiweto chizisankha feteleza wophatikiza zonse zophatikiza ndi michere ndi ma microelements.
Chochita ndi kuyanika katsitsumzukwa?
Mphekesera za katsitsumzukwa zilibe mphamvu, chifukwa kuchira kwake ndikokwanira kuyambiranso kuthirira, kuchotsa chomeracho pamthunzi, kapena, kusunthira dzuwa, kupukuta mpweya kapena kudyetsa. Koma chomera chodwala kwambiri, chisamaliro cha katsitsumzukwa chimafunikira chapadera, chokwanira. Zomera zonse zopanda moyo zimadulidwa kuchokera kuzitsulo zouma, kenako ndibwino kutaya dothi, ndikofunika kuti mbewuyo ituluke mumphika ndikuyezetsa bwino.
Ngati mizu yakhudzidwa ndi zowola, zouma ndipo sizikhalanso ndi moyo, madera oterowo ayenera kuchotsedwa, kungosiyira timinofu tating'ono tomwe timaperekanso mphukira zatsopano. Ngati ndi kotheka, mizu ingagawidwe mosamala ndikupeza mbande zazing'ono nthawi imodzi, zomwe zimakula nthawi yochepa ndikukhala chokongoletsera nyumba. Asparagus obzalidwa munthaka yopanda thanzi amathiriridwa madzi, ndipo dothi limayikiridwa pamwamba. Kusunga kuyendetsa mizu, kutengera malamulo osamalira katsitsumzukwa, posachedwa kuwonekera ndikuwonetsa.
Matenda ndi tizirombo toyambitsa matenda a katsitsumzukwa
Nthawi zambiri chomwe chimayambitsa matenda a katsitsumzukwa ndi tizirombo tomwe timatha mbewu. Ngakhale kuchuluka kwa tizilombo tomwe timatha kuthana ndi mbewa zazikulu za chomeracho ndi ma phyllocladies ang'ono sikokwanira kwambiri, ndikuwonongeka kwakukulu, katsitsumzukwa amatembenukira chikasu ndipo amatha kutaya kukongoletsa kwake.
Zanga pamiyeso ya katsitsumzukwa zimawoneka ngati timiyala tating'onoting'ono tofiirira kapena tinsati tofiirira. Kudya msuzi wa chomera, amathetsa katsitsumzukwa, kamene kamayambitsa kuwonongeka kwa phylloclad. Kuti muthane ndi munthu amene sanapemphedwe, mutha kuchotsa zishango kapena kusamala ndi zodzikongoletsera ndi zotheka, mukumangiratu za madzi okwanira 1-2 ml mu lita imodzi ya madzi. Mtsogolomo, kusamalira katsitsumzukwa, ndikofunika kupopera mbewuzo ndi madzi okhazikika.
Mankhwala omwewo amagwira ntchito motsutsana ndi kangaude, womwe umakhala wocheperako, koma umakhudza ma avaragus omwe akhala mchipinda chouma kwa nthawi yayitali. Tizilombo timatha kudutsa kuchokera ku mbewu zina, ndipo nthawi zambiri zimapezeka pamitengo ya tsinde kapena pamizu. Chisa chofooka chikasanduka chikaso, ndipo ndikosasamala chitha kuzimiririka. Kupewa koyenera kumakhala kuthirira korona nthawi zonse ndi madzi ofunda ndi kusamba kwa phyllocladia. Zowona, dothi lomwe lili ndi njirayi ndi bwinonso kuphimba.
Koma chinyezi chambiri mu mpweya wouma chimayambitsa kukula kwa udzudzu ndi udzudzu wama bowa. Pankhaniyi, kuposa kale, ndikofunikira kukhazikitsa chisamaliro cha katsitsumzukwa ndikuwathandizira ndi phytoderm kapena mankhwala ena. Njira yofananira ndiyofunika ngati katsitsumzukwa kakugwa, kamene kamatengedwa kumunda nthawi yachilimwe. Pa chomera chotere, nsabwe za m'masamba zimapezekanso zomwe zimatulutsa magazi.
