Pali maphunziro a sayansi kuti chimanga ndiye mbewu yakale kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi. Chimanga chinadyedwa ndi anthu zaka zina 7-12 zapitazo zapitazo ku gawo la Mexico yamakono. Chosangalatsa ndichakuti ma cobs a chimanga panthawiyo anali ang'ono ngati 10 kuchulukitsa kuposa mitundu yamakono, ndipo sanali kupitilira 3-4 cm kutalika.
Chimanga chokoma, kapena chimanga (Zaya nthito ssp. mays) - chomera chamtundu wazomera pachaka chilichonse, woimira yekha chikhalidwe cha chimanga chamtundu (Inde) Zodyera (Poaceae).
Mu chimanga chamasamba (shuga), makutu amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chakudya mkaka kapena gawo loyambirira la sera kupsa mwatsopano, yophika komanso yamatenda. Makutu a zipatso zokoma ndi zipatso zamtengo wapatali zopatsa mphamvu zambiri zomwe sizikhala zonenepa kwambiri mpaka nandolo komanso nyemba zobiriwira. Mukucha mkaka, mpaka 24% shuga, 36% wowuma, ndi mapuloteni 4% amasonkhana pa chifuwa. Protein ya chimanga imakhala ndi ma amino acid angapo omwe ndi ofunikira m'thupi la munthu.
Chimanga chokoma, chimanga (Zea mays). © BffZofunikira pakakulitsa chimanga
Nyengo ya chimanga imatenga masiku 90 mpaka 150. Chimanga chimatuluka pakatha masiku 10-12 mutabzala. Kutentha kwenikweni paulimi wake ndi 20-24 ° C. Kuphatikiza apo, chimanga chimafunikira dzuwa labwino.
Chimanga cha shuga ndimbewu yokonda kutentha, imalima kumwera, koma ndi chisamaliro chabwino, mbewu yokhutiritsa imatha kulimidwa pakati. M'minda yamtchire, chimanga cha shuga chimakulidwa mu mbande, zomwe zimakupatsani mwayi wabwino kuti muthe kupeza mbewu zabwino.
Mbewu za chimanga zimatha kumera pamtunda wapamwamba kuposa madigiri 10 - 12, ngakhale ozizira pang'ono amapha chifukwa chake. Ngakhale chilolezo chokomera chilala, chimapereka khutu labwino makutu akathirira. Chimanga - chithunzi cha zithunzi sichimalekerera pakugwedezeka.
Mwa mitundu ya chimanga chokoma m'chigawo chapakati, Amber 122, Pioneer of the North 06, Early Golden 401, Sugar Mushroom 26 ndi ena amafesedwa.
Mbande za Chimanga. © Maja Dumat Male chimanga inflorescence. © Maja Dumat M'munda wa chimanga. © Stefano TruccoMalo abwino kwambiri ndi malo owala omwe amatenthetsedwa ndi dzuwa. Asanadzale chimanga, 4-5 makilogalamu a humus kapena kompositi ndi 1520 g wa ammonium nitrate pa 1 sq. m
Mbewu zofesedwa mosiyanasiyana -zomera, 4-5 mbewu pachisa chilichonse 50-60 masentimita, pafupi ndi kuya kwa 5 ... 6. masentimita zikamera, mbande zimadulidwa, ndikusiya mbewu ziwiri chisa.
Kuti tipeze zokolola zambiri m'malo ang'onoang'ono, chimanga chimabzalidwa ndi mbande zamphika zomwe zimakonzekera masiku 45-50 kuti zibzalire panthaka. Nthawi yakula, imayankha bwino pakuvala komanso kuthirira. Pambuyo pa mvula, komanso mutathirira, ndikofunikira kuti utulutse chimanga. Izi zimapanga mizu yowonjezereka ndikukula bwino kwa chakudya chomera.
