Herbaceous osatha chomera mikaniya (Mikania) ndizogwirizana mwachindunji ndi banja la a Compositae. Amachokera ku Central ndi South America.
Kunyumba, amalima maluwa amamera mtundu umodzi wokhomera - zitatu-zolozera (Mikania ternata). Chomera cha herbaceous ichi ndi chosatha. M'malingaliro ang'onoang'ono, mphukira ndi zowongoka, koma ndi ukalamba zimakhala. Amabzala ngati chomera cha ampel, chifukwa amagwiritsa ntchito mabasiketi apadera, ndipo mutha kukulanso zomwe zimayambira pazothandizidwa. Masamba ovuta kutulutsa timiyeso tating'ono ting'ono. Tsamba lomwe lili pamwamba ndi lalikulu kwambiri, motero kutalika kwake kuli pafupifupi masentimita 5. Ndipo timapepala ta 2, tomwe tili pakati, tili ndi kutalika kwa masentimita 2,5 mpaka 2, ndipo awiri m'munsi - 1.5-2 masentimita. Pamwamba pa masamba ake ndiwowoneka bwino ndipo pali zotumphukira m'mphepete, zoponda zoonda zapaka utoto. Kutsogolo kwa masamba kuli mtundu wakuda wobiriwira ndipo pali mitsempha yofiyira yomwe ikuyenda m'mitsempha, ndipo mbali yolakwika ndi yofiirira.
Kusamalira Panyumba
Kuwala
Imafunikira kuunikira kowala, koma nthawi yomweyo ziyenera kusokonezedwa. Komanso, mbewuyo imafunikira mphezi zachindunji zamadzulo kapena dzuwa lam'mawa. M'nyengo yozizira, kuunikira kumakhalabe kowala.
Njira yotentha
Kutentha koyenera kwambiri pakukula kuli pang'ono. Chifukwa chake, nthawi yachilimwe iyenera kukhala kuchokera madigiri 18 mpaka 20, ndipo nthawi yozizira - pafupifupi madigiri 14-15. Nthawi yomweyo onetsetsani kuti chipinda sichizizira kuposa madigiri 12. Zimafunikira makulidwe owoneka bwino.
Chinyezi
Chomera choterocho chimangofunika chinyezi chambiri, koma ndikofunikira kukumbukira kuti ndizosatheka kufukula masamba kuchokera kutsitsi. Madontho omwe amapezeka pamwamba pamasamba atatha kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa amathandizira kuti mawonekedwe awo azikhala, omwe amachepetsa kwambiri mawonekedwe. Kuti muwonjezere chinyezi komanso kusungitsa chidwi chomera, muyenera kuthira dongo lokhazikika mu thireyi kapena kuyika sphagnum ndikutsanulira madzi ambiri. Nthawi yomweyo onetsetsani kuti pansi pamphika sikukhudzana ndi madzi.
Momwe mungamwere
M'chilimwe, kuthirira yambiri ndikofunikira, ndikuonetsetsa kuti dothi limakhala lonyowa pang'ono (osati lonyowa). Komabe, nthaka isasanduke. M'nyengo yozizira, muyenera kuthirira madzi ochepa. Chifukwa chake, kuthirira kumachitika pokhapokha dothi lomwe lili mumphika litapukuta bwino. Koma nthawi yomweyo, onetsetsani kuti palibe kufinya kwathunthu kwa dothi louma.
Mavalidwe apamwamba
Kuvala kwapamwamba kumachitika mu nthawi ya masika ndi chilimwe 1 nthawi masabata awiri. Kuti muchite izi, gwiritsani ntchito feteleza wamafuta woyenera, kuti akhale ndi phosphorous, nayitrogeni ndi potaziyamu chimodzimodzi. Za feteleza, muyenera kutenga yankho la yochepera ndende 2 kapena 3 kwa omwe akulimbikitsidwa pa phukusi.
Zinthu Zogulitsa
Thirani ndikuchitika mchaka. Mitundu ya achinyamata imayesedwa kamodzi pachaka, ndipo akuluakulu - kamodzi zaka ziwiri kapena zitatu. Pokonza dothi losakaniza, muyenera kulumikiza pepalalo ndi dothi, komanso mchenga ndi peat poyerekeza 2: 1: 1: 1. Yoyeneranso kugula dothi lapadziko lonse lapansi pazomera zokongoletsera. Musaiwale kupanga zabwino zotungira pansi pa tank.
Zambiri Zofalitsa
Mutha kufalitsa ma apulo odulidwa. Chapakatikati, kudula apical kudula. Kenako amathandizidwa ndi chokuthandizira chokulitsa, kenako ndikuchibzala m'miphika yaying'ono kuti muzu. Chotetezachi chikuyenera kuphimbidwa ndi galasi kapena filimu ndikuyika malo otentha (pafupifupi madigiri 20). Tsiku lililonse muzichotsa pogona kwakanthawi kuti mpweya wabwino ukhale. Dothi liyenera kukhala lonyowa pang'ono nthawi zonse.
Tizilombo ndi matenda
Mphukira ndi nthomba zofiira za kangaude zitha kukhala moyo pachomera. Ndipo imatha kudwala ndi ufa wa powdery ndi kuwola koyera.
Powdery mildew - mitundu yoyera ya imvi yoyera padziko masamba. Masamba pang'onopang'ono amakula ndikuyamba kukhala bulauni. Masamba amapindika kenako nkufa. Matendawa nthawi zambiri amawoneka m'zipinda zokhala ndi chinyezi chachikulu, kutentha kwa pafupifupi madigiri 18-20 komanso ndi mpweya wofunda. Pofuna kuthana ndi matendawa, ndikofunikira kuchitira chithandizo ndi fung fung, yankho la antibayotiki (penicillin + streptomycin 100 mayunitsi / ml). Pambuyo masiku 5-7, muyenera kukonza maluwa kachiwiri.
Gray zowola - matenda otere amakonda kwambiri chinyezi komanso kuzizira. Pamaso pa duwa lomwe lili ndi kachilomboka, mitundu yofiyira, ya phulusa. Malo amtundu wa brown amawoneka pamwamba pa mphukira ndi masamba kapena m'mphepete mwa masamba amayamba kuderako. Kuti tichotse zowola zoterezi pamafunika mpweya wabwino, kuwunikira kowala ndi kumasula kwa gawo lapansi. Chitani ndi yankho la maziko a maziko a maziko a metazole kapena topsin-M.
Kangaude wofiyira - ukonde wowonda umawonekera pakati pa masamba, ndikuyera mawonekedwe awo. Tizilombo tating'onoting'ono timakonda chinyezi chochepa. Chithandizo ndi mankhwala opha tizilombo (Fufanon, Fitoverm, Actellik) amafunikira.
Zopatsa -tizilombo timakonda mpweya wouma komanso wotentha. Pansanja ya tsambalo, masamba ambiri amaikidwa, pomwe madontho otuwa amapezeka kumbali yakutsogolo. Pang'onopang'ono, mbali yakutsogolo ya tsamba limapeza mtundu wa bulauni wokhala ndi mtundu wa siliva. Pankhaniyi, chithandizo ndi chimodzi mwazinthu zopangira tizilombo timafunikira: decis, intavir, phytoverm kapena actellic.
Mavuto omwe angakhalepo
- Platinamu yoyera imafota ndipo mphukira zimatalika - Kuwala koyipa.
- Mapeto a masamba amayamba kucheperachepera ndikuyamba kupentera - chinyezi chochepa.
- Udzu umasanduka wotumbululuka - kusefukira, kusefukira kwamadzi mu nthaka.
