Kodi sizingavulaze mukadyetsa, chifukwa mumatha kumwa mopitirira muyeso, zimapangitsa kuti nthaka ikhale yothira mafuta ndipo zipatso zimangokhala "zophulika" Kodi kudyetsa bwanji kuti mbewuzo zikhale zokwanira, ndipo amapanga zipatso za muyezo waukulu komanso chokoma? Momwe mungadzivulitsire, popeza feteleza, monga mukudziwa, zimathandizanso kuti pakuzikika nitrate m'nthaka (ndi mbewu), ndipo izi ndi zinthu zovulaza thupi la munthu. Mafunso awa mchilimwe nkhawa mwina aliyense wamaluwa. Koma, tiyeni, tiziyamba, tiziwona, choyamba, tidutsa pachikhalidwe chilichonse, kuti kuwerenga kunali kosangalatsa komanso kothandiza.
Kucha tomato pa nthambi.
1. Tomato
Tomato - kulawa, kukula, mtundu wamba ndi kukhulupirika kwa chipolopolo ndichofunika pano. Ndi chifukwa chaichi kuti kuvala komaliza komaliza kwa nyengo kuchitike. Sichabwinobwino kuti tomato akamakula amatenga zinthu zambiri m'nthaka, ndipo pofika msinkhu wokhwima ayenera kubwezeretsedwanso. Kuti muchite izi, sikofunikira kuthira manyowa m'nthaka, ndikokwanira kuthira feteleza ndi zinthu zowala ndikugwiritsira feteleza aliyense masiku 10 mpaka 10 mpaka mutatenga mbewu yonse.
Panthawi yakucha kwa phwetekere, manyowa obiriwira amawonedwa kuti ndi abwino kwambiri, chifukwa muyenera kupera makilogalamu 6-7 a nettle kapena udzu wina uliwonse ndikutsanulira malita 60 amadzi amvula. Chotsatira, mu mawonekedwe awa muyenera kuwonjezera chikho cha phulusa la nkhuni ndi 2-3 kg ya mullein, ndipo osakaniza ali okonzeka. Izi zikusakanizika kununkhira kwa "kununkhira" kumene mu botolo la voliyumu kotero kuti zonse zimakwanira pamenepo ndikusiya kwa milungu iwiri (mwachilengedwe, muyenera kuganizira kukonzekera pasadakhale, tomato asanang'ambe). Zitatha izi, yankho liyenera kuchepetsedwa kawiri ndi madzi ndikuthirira chitsamba chilichonse, ndikucha zipatso, kuthira lita imodzi yankho pansi pake masiku angapo aliwonse.
2. Biringanya
Munthawi yakucha masamba - ngati tilingalira zovala zonse zapamwamba - iyi nthawi zambiri ndiyovalidwe lachitatu lapamwamba. Pakadali pano, ndizotheka kuthira supuni ya potaziyamu sodium mumtsuko wamadzi ndikutsanulira malo opitilira masentimita angapo. Ndipo zikamaikira mbuto zakonzeka kuti zisungidwe ndipo zidzafunika kusonkhanitsidwa wina ndi mzake, ndiye kuti kuvala pamwamba kumatha kubweretsedwa pafupipafupi - masiku asanu ndi limodzi - mpaka zipatso zomaliza zitakololedwa.
Mwa njira, ngati biringanya wakula kwambiri kuposa momwe mumayembekezera, ndiye kuyambira koyambirira kwa kudya koyamba, komwe tidanena, mutha kuwonjezera kuchuluka kwa feteleza wa nayitrogeni ndi 3-5 g, mumapangidwe osungunuka, komanso bwino - mu mawonekedwe a ammonium nitrate, kubweretsa pazokwanira, kwa angapo supuni pa lalikulu mita.
Zipatso za biringanya yoyera.
3. Zukini ndi zukini
Apa, feteleza wabwino kwambiri pakucha zipatso zamasamba zofunikazo ndi superphosphate ndi potaziyamu sulfate (osati chloride osati mchere wa potaziyamu). Superphosphate imafunikira supuni yopanda mphika pa chidebe chamadzi ndi mita lalikulu la nthaka, ndi potaziyamu sulphate - supuni ya tiyi yopanda mphika komanso mulifupi mwake.
Zukini amangokonda kalimagnesia, imafunikira theka la supuni pansi pa chomera, tenga masana angapo ndikutsanulira theka la chiwonetsero (supuni 1, 4, kapena supuni 1) pansi pa chitsamba chilichonse.
4. Kolifulawa
Nthawi zambiri, kuvala kolimba pamwamba kumakhala kofunikira makamaka munthawi yomwe tsamba limakula kwambiri komanso mitu ikayamba "kutuluka". Kenako ndikotheka kudzimanga nokha ndi mavalidwe apamwamba: ndikothekanso kutenga ma ammonium nitrate mawonekedwe owuma, pokhapokha mvula kapena kumasula kwambiri ndikuthirira (ngati kulibe mvula, ndiye mwakudziwika) dothi, kuchuluka kwa 18-19 g, superphosphate 22-24 g ndi potaziyamu sulfate 9-14 g - ndi izi mwa mita imodzi. Ndiye kuwaza pansi pang'ono - izi ndizokwanira ndipo zidzakhala zotetezeka.
Mafano osakanikirana a organic ndi mchere wam'madzi amatha kugwiritsa ntchito mullein kuchepetsedwa kasanu ndi kamodzi mumtsuko, ndi dontho la nkhuku limadziwikiratu kangapo mu ndowa, ndikuti mwanjira, mvula - ndi yofewa. Zingakhale bwino kuwonjezera 20-25 g ya ammonium nitrate, 60-70 g ya superphosphate ndi 30-35 g wa potaziyamu sulfate pamayankho. Izi sizokhazi zonse pa mita imodzi! Pang'onopang'ono - lita imodzi mmera uliwonse, kufalikira pang'onopang'ono pamtunda womasuka ndipo zitha kukhala zabwino - mvula ikagwa.
Ngati mukufuna mbewu za kolifulawa kuti zikhale zopanda nzeru komanso zopangidwa bwino, ndiye kuti kuvala pamwamba kumatha kuphwanyidwa ndikusinthidwa.
Mwa njira, anthu ochepa amadziwa kuti panthaka yachilengedwe, kolifulawa imangokulira, motero, ikangoyamba kucha, mutha kuthira supuni ya calcium nitrate - yikani madzi mu ndowa masiku onse khumi ndikuwathira pamtunda wa lalikulu. M'malo mwake, ufa wa dolomite umaperekanso zofanana, koma imafunikira kapu yodzaza pansi, imaphatikizidwanso mumtsuko wamadzi, pamalo omwewo. Ngati vutoli ndi lovuta komanso ngakhale mahatchi akukulira pamtunda wanu, womwe umawoneka ngati chizindikiro chokwanira, tikulimbikitsani kuthira theka chikho cha yankho pamwambapa pansi pa kolifulawa.
Ndipo kumbukirani motsimikiza: kuvala koyambirira komaliza kolifulawa sikuyenera kutha pasanathe sabata kuti mapangidwe azitali, odulidwa amitu, apo ayi, kukoma kwake sikungowonjezereka, koma nitrate azidzadziwikanso.
5. Broccoli
Broccoli nthawi zambiri imadyetsedwa kwambiri mutu wa kabichi ukayamba kupanga. Akatswiri amatcha kuvala kwambri kwachiwiri - koyambirira. Nthawi zambiri supuni zingapo za nitrophoska ndi magalamu angapo a boric acid amadzala ndi malita khumi amvula, madzi ofewa. Kuchuluka kwake ndikokwanira kwa mbewu zazikulu zisanu ndi zisanu ndi chimodzi, zomwe ndizocheperako.
Pomaliza kukula komaliza, ndikofunikira kuthira broccoli ndi slurry, kuchepetsedwa kasanu ndi kamodzi. Ndikofunika kuthirira madzi a broccoli pokhapokha mvula ikamasula kapena kumasula ndikumunyowetsa nthaka komanso pokhapokha muzu wa chomera chilichonse, apo ayi atha kuwotchedwa. Kuchuluka kwa mowa ndi 150-200 g pa chomera chilichonse.
6. Kohlrabi
Nthawi zambiri, akatswiri amayamba kudyetsa Kohlrabi atakula kale, ndikuwatcha lachitatu mzere. Momwe mungazindikire kuti kudyetsa kohlrabi ndikofunikira pakadali pano? Chosavuta kwambiri pamene mutu ndi kukula kwa dzira la nkhuku. Njira yabwino yodyetsera kohlrabi panthawi ya zipatso ndi mankhwala a rastrin, ndemanga zake zimakhala zabwino kwambiri. Mankhwalawa amafunika supuni theka basi pamtsuko wamadzi, ndipo mankhwalawa akukwanira mamilimita khumi pamalopo.
Mwa njira, ngati simukufuna kugwiritsa ntchito potaziyamu mu feteleza wamafuta, koma atsitsa dothi m'dera lanu, ndiye kuti dziwani kuti kohlrabi ndiyofunika ndipo ili ndi (pafupifupi 5%) phulusa lamatanda. Popeza kuchuluka kwake ndi kocheperako, madzulo kumadzimadzidwa kale ndikuthirira nthaka mutha kuthira kapu yamatanda, nthawi yomweyo imathandizira dothi ndikufufuza zinthu.
Savoy kabichi ndi kabichi yoyera.
7. White kabichi
Kuphatikiza kabichi pa nthawi ya zipatso kumatengera mtundu wakucha (koyambirira, pakati, mochedwa). Mwachilengedwe, kabichi yoyambirira ikakhwima, ndiye kuti imafunikira zakudya zambiri kuti ikule ndikukula kwa mutu wa kabichi, kotero ndizotheka kugwiritsa ntchito nitrophos (masabata awiri mutathira mbande pansi) - 50 g pa ndowa imodzi yamadzi. Phulusa loyenera nkhuni (kapu imodzi ya madzi pachomera chilichonse). Mutha kugwiritsa ntchito kuchepetsedwa maulendo 15 nkhuku (50 g pa chitsamba chilichonse) kapena mullein (kuchepetsedwa ka 10, 60 g pa chitsamba chilichonse).
Ndimakonda kabichi woyambirira ndi superphosphate (supuni ya tiyi yokhala ndi mtola mumadziuko ndi mita imodzi). Koma mukamagwiritsa ntchito superphosphate, muyenera kudziwa kuti siimakamizidwa m'nthaka yac acid, koma, ndikuganiza, palibe wonyoza yemwe amabzala mbande za kabichi m'nthaka ya acidic.
Kuvala kwapamwamba kwa sing'anga (malinga ndi) kabichi nthawi zambiri kumachitika mu June, mapangidwe a mutu wa kabichi ayamba. Pano njira yabwino ndi mullein, yomwe imayenera kuchepetsedwa maulendo khumi ndi madzi kapena zitosi za mbalame ziyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito, koma imafunika kuchepetsedwa maulendo 20. Ndizotheka kuwonjezera 15-20 g ya superphosphate kapena 8-10 g ya potaziyamu sulfate ku izi. Gwiritsani ntchito mayankho mosamala - 50-70 g pa chomera chilichonse.
Eya, komanso kabichi mochedwa, - nthawi zambiri chimadyetsedwa bwino m'masiku otsiriza chilimwe chotuluka. Ngati chovala chapamwamba, potaziyamu sulfate imagwiritsidwa ntchito kuchuluka kwa supuni pachidebe cha madzi pa mita imodzi ya nthaka, kapena superphosphate - apa mukusowa supuni m'dera lomwelo.
8. Anyezi
Nthawi zambiri amayamba kudyetsa anyezi mutu wake utafika masentimita anayi kapena asanu, osachepera. Munthawi imeneyi, feteleza yemwe ali ndi nayitrogeni yambiri ayenera kuthetsedwa kwathunthu, chifukwa amatha kupititsa patsogolo kukula kwa anyezi ndipo sangalole kuti mamba okuta apangidwe mokwanira, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti anyezi sangasungidwe bwino.
Njira yabwino ndi chisakanizo cha potaziyamu sulfate ndi superphosphate; izi ndi zinthu zomwe zimalize njira zonse za "kapangidwe" ka babu ndikukonza kuti zisungidwe. Mu ndowa, muyenera kusungunula 25-28 g ya potaziyamu sulfate ndi 45-50 g wa superphosphate, sakanizani bwino kwambiri kotero kuti palibe mapampu, ndikugwiritsa ntchito njirayi pamamita lalikulu a 6-7.
Wamaluwa omwe amalima anyezi pamajika amalankhula bwino phulusa, amatha kumwazika panthaka ndi wosanjikiza 1.5-2 masentimita, ndikukonzekera kulowetsedwa. The kulowetsedwa zakonzedwa mosavuta: muyenera kutenga 300 g matabwa phulusa ndi mudzaze ndi ndowa ya madzi otentha. Kenako, lolani kulowetsedwa kwa tsiku limodzi, kenako ndikuchepetsa ndi madzi kawiri ndikuthirira mbewu. Wamaluwa amati kulowetsedwa kumathandiza kwambiri pa ukalamba ndi nthawi yosungidwa kwa babu.
Komabe, musaiwale: anyezi ndiwowoneka bwino m'njira zina, chifukwa chake musanagwiritse ntchito feteleza aliyense, yanikani momwe mbewuzo ziliri. Mwachitsanzo, ngati pali mitu yotukuka yomwe ikukula, yomwe imatha kumvetseka mosavuta ndi nthenga zovomerezeka komanso zowoneka bwino, mutha kudikirira pang'ono ndikuvala. Koma zoona, simuyenera kubzala anyezi pamtengo wanjala, munthawi imeneyi mutha kumudyetsa ndi nitroammophos, kuchepetsa supuni, popanda mphika, mumtsuko wamadzi ndikugwiritsa ntchito njira iyi pa mraba wa dera, izi ndi kukula kwampweya sizingachedwe (pali chakudya) ndipo zokolola sizidzachepa (mpiru ukukula), koma apa chitukuko cha matenda chiyenera kuyang'aniridwa panthawiyi m'maso onse.
Kuyankhula za kudyetsa anyezi turnip bwino, sindingathandize koma kuyankhula mfundo zofunika kuzidyetsa.
Chifukwa chake, mwachitsanzo, simuyenera kubweretsa manyowa atsopano pamajika anyezi, monga ambiri amachitira (pano mulu wonse wamavuto ungabuke), osatsanulira pamiyeso iwiri kapena itatu ya feteleza wa nayitrogeni (nthenga imakhala yolimba, yamphamvu, koma kuwononga kukula kwa mpiru), simuyenera kupitanso muyeso wa feteleza wophatikiza (mitu idzaphimbidwa ndi ma nitrate), mukamagwiritsa ntchito feteleza, musawaponyere nthenga, ndikudziwa kuti ndizovuta, koma muyenera kuyesa, chifukwa ndiye kuti masamba onse amayenera kutsukidwa ndi madzi (mwina kuwotcha), ndikuwonjezera kuthirira, bwanji ngati sichinyere?
Ndipo, pamapeto pake, zomwe ndikufuna kunena pa anyezi wa batani - yesani kukhala ndi zinthu zonse munthaka, zovuta zonse, apo ayi, kusowa kwa imodzi kudzakola bulangeti ndipo mavuto adzabuka omwe sangathe kupanga zomwe zingagulitsidwe.
Anyezi.
9. Kaloti
Zomera zophukira, izi nthawi zambiri ndizovala zinayi zapamwamba, ndizigwiritsa ntchito masiku 20-25 musanakolole, izi ndizokwanira. Amachita izi - choyamba amathira madzi mu mizere, ndikugwiritsa ntchito chidebe pa mita imodzi, kenako amathira pafupifupi 300 g pa phula lalikulu la phulusa pamtunda wonyowa ndipo atatha kukolola mbewuzo.
10. Ziphuphu
Mwambiri, akatswiri amakhala ndi gawo lachitatu kapena lachinayi. Zipatso zoyambirira zikaonekera, zomwe ambiri ayamba kubudula ndi kusangalala ndi kukoma kwake kosaneneka ndi kununkhira, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito zitosi za mbalame. Musaiwale kuthira mafuta nthawi 20 iliyonse ndikuigwiritsa ntchito pa lita imodzi pa mita imodzi. Udzu wofesedwa, womwe tidalemba pamwambapa, umayenda bwino pansi pa nkhaka, ndibwino kuti uwalowetse kwa masiku atatu kapena anayi, kenako uchepetse pakati, onjezerani 12-15 g wa urea ndi supuni ya potaziyamu pamadzi am'madzi - umu ndi chikhalidwe cha masikweya khumi pamalopo.
Ngati nkhaka zikuwoneka ngati kaloti ndipo izi sizili kutali ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana (i.e. osati malinga ndi malongosoledwe amtunduwu), ndikwabwino kuwapatsa onse ndi ammonium nitrate, pochita zomwe zimatchedwa foliar top dressing (posungunula kotala ya supuni theka la ndowa). Gwirani ntchito popanda kukopa, kuti mumanyowetse pansi, koma osakonza mvula yotentha.
Munthawi ya zipatso zochulukirapo za nkhaka, zipatso zokhazikitsidwa bwino zikachotsedwa zochuluka (nthawi zambiri milungu iwiri itatha yoyamba chithandizo), mbewu zimatha kudyetsedwa ndi potaziyamu sulfate (18-19 g pachidebe chilichonse ndi mita imodzi ya dothi) ndi superphosphate (16-18 g pa chidebe ndi mita lalikulu la dothi).
11. Pepper
Pali zosankha zambiri zodyetsa tsabola nthawi ya zipatso (sandpiper iliyonse imayamika chithaphwi chake, osati mwanjira ina). Tiyeni tiyambire ndi njira yoyamba - kulowetsedwa kwa feteleza wobiriwira, monga tafotokozera pamwambapa, koma ndibwino kukhazikitsa yankho la timitengo ting'onoting'ono timene timadulidwamo mu thanki, ndikuidzaza kwa magawo atatu kapena kuposerapo, ikani phulusa la kilogalamu. oyambitsa tsiku lililonse kwa masiku khumi. Imakhalabe ndikuchepetsa madziwo mu mulingo wa 1: 10 ndipo, pogwiritsa ntchito chilichonse, kuthilira, kuthirira mbewu za tsabola m'malo mwa madzi, pomwe kuthirira kumafunikira musanachotse tsabola wowonjezera (wotsiriza).
Njira yotsatira ndikusakaniza kwa potaziyamu sulfate ndi superphosphate, supuni yokha yoyamba ndi supuni yachiwiri, ikani zonse mu ndowa ndikugawa mosamala kuti 500-600 g yankho lotere igwere pansi pa chomera chilichonse.
Njira yachitatu: timatenga potaziyamu humate (chabwino, ngati ili ndi ma micronutrients) ndi chikwama chimodzi (ichi ndi magalamu 10) timatulutsa timabichi 20 amadzi, ndiye timangoyenda mozungulira mundawo ndikutsanulira tsabola wonse kuchokera kuthilira pansi pazu. Ubwino wama humates ndiwodziwikiratu - ndi 100% organic, ndiye kuti si umagwirira, imapereka mphamvu yovala pamwamba, imalimbikitsa kukula kwa zipatso ndi kucha, koma mosamala kwambiri (i.e. mwachilengedwe) komanso ikhoza kukonza mawonekedwe a nthaka, chifukwa choti amayamba kumverana chisoni bwenzi komanso kuchulukitsa michere yopindulitsa.
Zipatso za tsabola wamasamba, wokoma.
12. Zapamwamba
Pazonse, ndibwino kulima radish kunyumba kwathunthu popanda umuna, koma ngati pakufunika, chonde. Mukangozindikira kukula kwamasamba, onjezerani superphosphate posungunitsa supuni mu ndowa (pa mamilimita 10 a chiwembucho), ndipo patatha tsiku limodzi, onjezaninso supuni ya potaziyamu sodium mu mawonekedwe osungunuka komanso magawo mamiliyoni khumi.
Musakhale aulesi ndikusungunula phulusa lamatabwa angapo mumagalasi angapo ndikugawa malo omwewo, mutha - kutsimikizira m'madzi, popanda kuwononga nthawi yamtengo wapatali. Pakatha sabata, muziyang'ana kaloti - ngati masamba akutembenukira sizitanthauza kuti munachita cholakwika, ndiye kuti pali dothi laling'ono m'nthaka, ndiye kuti mutha kuwaza pamasamba, chovala chodzaza ndi mafuta (supuni pa ndowa, ndipo Mlingo uliwonse pa mita lalikulu ndikokwanira kubwezeretsa mtundu wakale wa masamba).
13. Beetroot
Nanga, ndi msuzi wanji kabichi wopanda masamba owala awa, omwe, malinga ndi amuna, mosamala amawonjezera zomwe zili mu testosterone mthupi la munthu. Njira yokhayo ndi iti?!
Chifukwa chake, nthawi zambiri pakatha masiku 25-30 musanakolole beets, potaziyamu sulfate imawonjezeredwa kumtunda mulingo wa supuni pa lalikulu mita ya dothi (kuchepetsedwa m'madzi) ndi supuni zitatu za superphosphate, zomwe zimaphatikizidwanso m'madzi, omwewo. Feteleza yambiri sikufunika.
14. Selari
Mizu itangoyamba kupangika, amafunika potaziyamu (phulusa la 150 g phulusa la chomera chilichonse).Pakupita masiku angapo, nitroammophoska ikhoza kuwonjezeredwa ndikusungunitsa supuni mu ndowa - madziwo ndi mainchi khumi. Izi zidzakulitsa chitetezo chokwanira, kukolola zochuluka, ambiri - ma pluses okha.
Pakatha masiku 20, kugwiritsa ntchito feteleza zonsezi kumatha kubwerezedwa ndipo izi zimatha nyengo.
15. Garlic
Mu adyo, babu nthawi zambiri amapanga zaka khumi zapitazi za June. Chingathandize pano - kapena superphosphate wosankhidwa bwino, kapena kuchotsera mu kuchuluka kwa supuni zingapo pachidebe cha madzi. Thirani kapangidwe kazomera ndi adyo zidzakhala zabwino.
Mizu ya Selari.
Ndemanga zingapo ndekha ndipo sindikufunika kulemba kuti aliyense amadziwa za izi ... kapena mwina wina sakudziwa?!
- Cholemba choyamba - feteleza pamasamba amalowetsedwa bwino ngati mukuyamba kumasula ndi kuthirira nthaka, ndipo atabalalika, kuwaza pang'ono ndi wowaza.
- Ngati kugwa mvula, ndiye kuti mubvale nsapato zanu ndi mvula - gwiritsani ntchito malowa (pokhapokha nthawi yoti mugwiritse ntchito feteleza) ndi kuwabalalitsa pansi: zotsatira zake zikhala bwino.
